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abaev-xml/entries/abaev_stʼælyn.xml

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2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">stʼælyn</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_stʼælyn" xml:lang="os-x-iron" abv:completeness="incomplete">
<form xml:id="form_d5612e66" type="lemma"><orth>stʼælyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>stʼæld</orth></form></form>
<usg><lang/></usg>
<sense>
<sense xml:id="sense_d5612e69">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>гибнуть</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>perish</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>пропадать</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>vanish</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>околевать</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>starve</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</sense>
<re>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">обычно в бранных (или шутливо-бранных) выражениях: </note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">usually in expletive (or jokingly expletive)
expressions: </note>
<form type="lemma"><orth>bastʼælaj!</orth></form>
<sense>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_doublequotes">пропади ты!</q>
</tr>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">damn you!</q>
</tr>
</sense>
</re>
<re>
<form type="lemma"><orth>stʼældy fæwaj!</orth></form>
<sense>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">id.</note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">id.</note>
</sense>
</re>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fonʒyssæʒ lægæj īw nyxas nīḱī skodta, cavd
dūrty læwd kodtoj; fælæ læppū, <oRef>stʼældy</oRef> fæwa, ʒūryntæ bajdydta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">из ста мужчин никто не произнес ни слова,
стояли как окаменелые; но мальчик, чтобы ему пропасть! — повел (длинные) речи</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">out of a hundred men, no one uttered a word,
they stood as if petrified; but the boy, to hell with him! — said (long)
speeches</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>III 81</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fydbonty <oRef>bastʼældī</oRef> jæ
fyd</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в злосчастной (жизни) погиб его отец</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">his father died in an ill-fated (life)</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Xar._Zærdæ"/>
<biblScope>47</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>bastʼælaj</oRef>, Seriffæ! adon dyn cæj
x˳yntæ sty?</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пропади ты, Сериффа, что это у тебя за
приношения?</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Damn you, Seriffæ, what kind of offerings do
you have?</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
<biblScope>1972 VI 20</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wæ <oRef>bastʼælaj</oRef> wastæn,
<oRef>bastʼælaj</oRef>, kæd ænædændag k˳yʒy tærīǧædy cæmæn bacydtæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">о, пропади ты, пропади, почему ты взял на себя
грех, (убив) беззубую собаку</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Oh, damn you, damn you, why did you take on the
sin of (killing) a toothless dog</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
<biblScope>II 310</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1190e985" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">starya-</w></mentioned> (как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mælyn"/> к
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1190e985" xml:id="mentioned_d1190e636" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">marya-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kælyn"/> к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1190e985" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">karya-</w></mentioned>), от
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1190e985" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">star-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w type="rec">ster-</w>
<gloss><q>становиться неподвижным, мертвым</q></gloss>, также <gloss><q>засыхать</q>,
<q>становиться бесплодным</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>satarvan</w>
<gloss><q>бесплодный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>starī-</w>
<gloss><q>бесплодная корова</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>стерва</w>
<gloss><q>падаль</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
<w>стьрва</w>
<gloss><q>труп</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>стёрбнуть</w>
<gloss><q>делаться жестким</q>, <q>цепенеть</q>, <q>отмирать</q></gloss></mentioned>,
<mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>sterben</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="nl"><lang/>
<w>sterven</w>
<gloss><q>умирать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
<w>starve</w>
<gloss><q>умирать с голоду</q>, <q>околевать</q></gloss></mentioned>; далее <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>starr</w>
<gloss><q>неподвижный</q>, <q>оцепенелый</q></gloss></mentioned> , <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w>starъ</w>
<gloss><q>старый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>sterilis</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
<w>στεῖρος</w>
<gloss><q>бесплодный</q></gloss>, <w>στερίφος</w>
<gloss><q>бесплодный</q>, <q>твердый</q></gloss></mentioned>. Как видим,
<lang>ос.</lang>
<oRef/> по семантике стоит ближе к некоторым славо-германским фактам (значение
<q>умирать</q>) и с этой стороны может быть причислено к скифо-европейским
изоглоссам.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mann"/>
<biblScope>167—168</biblScope></bibl> (относит сюда <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
<w>teri</w>
<gloss><q>defective</q></gloss></mentioned>).</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1190e985" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">starya-</w></mentioned> (as <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mælyn"/> to
<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">marya-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kælyn"/> to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">karya-</w></mentioned>), from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1190e985" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">star-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w type="rec">ster-</w>
<gloss><q>become motionless, dead</q></gloss>, also <gloss><q>wither</q>, <q>becoming
barren</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>satarvan</w>
<gloss><q>barren</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>starī-</w>
<gloss><q>infertile cow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>sterva</w>
<gloss><q>carrion</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
<w>st<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221117T212813+0300" comment="или ер?"?>ь<?oxy_comment_end ?>rva</w>
<gloss><q>corpse</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>styorbnut’</w>
<gloss><q>get tough</q>, <q>freeze</q>, <q>wither away</q></gloss></mentioned>,
<mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>sterben</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="nl"><lang/>
<w>sterven</w>
<gloss><q>die</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
<w>starve</w></mentioned>; further <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>starr</w>
<gloss><q>still</q>, <q>numb</q></gloss></mentioned> , <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w>starъ</w>
<gloss><q>old</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>sterilis</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
<w>στεῖρος</w>
<gloss><q>sterile</q></gloss>, <w>στερίφος</w>
<gloss><q>sterile</q>, <q>solid</q></gloss></mentioned>. As we see, <lang>Ossetic</lang>
<oRef/> is closer semantically to some Slavic-Germanic facts (meaning <q>die</q>) and from
this side it can be classified among the Scythian-European isoglosses.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mann"/>
<biblScope>167—168</biblScope></bibl> (mentions here <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
<w>teri</w>
<gloss><q>defective</q></gloss></mentioned>).</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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