abaev-xml/entries/abaev_stʼælyn.xml
2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00

206 lines
No EOL
12 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">stʼælyn</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_stʼælyn" xml:lang="os-x-iron" abv:completeness="incomplete">
<form xml:id="form_d5612e66" type="lemma"><orth>stʼælyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>stʼæld</orth></form></form>
<usg><lang/></usg>
<sense>
<sense xml:id="sense_d5612e69">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>гибнуть</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>perish</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>пропадать</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>vanish</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>околевать</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>starve</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</sense>
<re>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">обычно в бранных (или шутливо-бранных) выражениях: </note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">usually in expletive (or jokingly expletive)
expressions: </note>
<form type="lemma"><orth>bastʼælaj!</orth></form>
<sense>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_doublequotes">пропади ты!</q>
</tr>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">damn you!</q>
</tr>
</sense>
</re>
<re>
<form type="lemma"><orth>stʼældy fæwaj!</orth></form>
<sense>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">id.</note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">id.</note>
</sense>
</re>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fonʒyssæʒ lægæj īw nyxas nīḱī skodta, cavd
dūrty læwd kodtoj; fælæ læppū, <oRef>stʼældy</oRef> fæwa, ʒūryntæ bajdydta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">из ста мужчин никто не произнес ни слова,
стояли как окаменелые; но мальчик, чтобы ему пропасть! — повел (длинные) речи</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">out of a hundred men, no one uttered a word,
they stood as if petrified; but the boy, to hell with him! — said (long)
speeches</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>III 81</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fydbonty <oRef>bastʼældī</oRef>
fyd</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в злосчастной (жизни) погиб его отец</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">his father died in an ill-fated (life)</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Xar._Zærdæ"/>
<biblScope>47</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>bastʼælaj</oRef>, Seriffæ! adon dyn cæj
x˳yntæ sty?</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пропади ты, Сериффа, что это у тебя за
приношения?</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Damn you, Seriffæ, what kind of offerings do
you have?</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
<biblScope>1972 VI 20</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>bastʼælaj</oRef> wastæn,
<oRef>bastʼælaj</oRef>, kæd ænædændag k˳yʒy tærīǧædy cæmæn bacydtæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">о, пропади ты, пропади, почему ты взял на себя
грех, (убив) беззубую собаку</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Oh, damn you, damn you, why did you take on the
sin of (killing) a toothless dog</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
<biblScope>II 310</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1190e985" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">starya-</w></mentioned> (как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mælyn"/> к
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1190e985" xml:id="mentioned_d1190e636" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">marya-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kælyn"/> к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1190e985" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">karya-</w></mentioned>), от
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1190e985" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">star-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w type="rec">ster-</w>
<gloss><q>становиться неподвижным, мертвым</q></gloss>, также <gloss><q>засыхать</q>,
<q>становиться бесплодным</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>satarvan</w>
<gloss><q>бесплодный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>starī-</w>
<gloss><q>бесплодная корова</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>стерва</w>
<gloss><q>падаль</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
<w>стьрва</w>
<gloss><q>труп</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>стёрбнуть</w>
<gloss><q>делаться жестким</q>, <q>цепенеть</q>, <q>отмирать</q></gloss></mentioned>,
<mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>sterben</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="nl"><lang/>
<w>sterven</w>
<gloss><q>умирать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
<w>starve</w>
<gloss><q>умирать с голоду</q>, <q>околевать</q></gloss></mentioned>; далее <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>starr</w>
<gloss><q>неподвижный</q>, <q>оцепенелый</q></gloss></mentioned> , <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w>starъ</w>
<gloss><q>старый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>sterilis</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
<w>στεῖρος</w>
<gloss><q>бесплодный</q></gloss>, <w>στερίφος</w>
<gloss><q>бесплодный</q>, <q>твердый</q></gloss></mentioned>. Как видим,
<lang>ос.</lang>
<oRef/> по семантике стоит ближе к некоторым славо-германским фактам (значение
<q>умирать</q>) и с этой стороны может быть причислено к скифо-европейским
изоглоссам.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mann"/>
<biblScope>167—168</biblScope></bibl> (относит сюда <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
<w>teri</w>
<gloss><q>defective</q></gloss></mentioned>).</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1190e985" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">starya-</w></mentioned> (as <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mælyn"/> to
<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">marya-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kælyn"/> to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">karya-</w></mentioned>), from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1190e985" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">star-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w type="rec">ster-</w>
<gloss><q>become motionless, dead</q></gloss>, also <gloss><q>wither</q>, <q>becoming
barren</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>satarvan</w>
<gloss><q>barren</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>starī-</w>
<gloss><q>infertile cow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>sterva</w>
<gloss><q>carrion</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
<w>st<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221117T212813+0300" comment="или ер?"?>ь<?oxy_comment_end ?>rva</w>
<gloss><q>corpse</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>styorbnut</w>
<gloss><q>get tough</q>, <q>freeze</q>, <q>wither away</q></gloss></mentioned>,
<mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>sterben</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="nl"><lang/>
<w>sterven</w>
<gloss><q>die</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
<w>starve</w></mentioned>; further <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>starr</w>
<gloss><q>still</q>, <q>numb</q></gloss></mentioned> , <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w>starъ</w>
<gloss><q>old</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>sterilis</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
<w>στεῖρος</w>
<gloss><q>sterile</q></gloss>, <w>στερίφος</w>
<gloss><q>sterile</q>, <q>solid</q></gloss></mentioned>. As we see, <lang>Ossetic</lang>
<oRef/> is closer semantically to some Slavic-Germanic facts (meaning <q>die</q>) and from
this side it can be classified among the Scythian-European isoglosses.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mann"/>
<biblScope>167—168</biblScope></bibl> (mentions here <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
<w>teri</w>
<gloss><q>defective</q></gloss></mentioned>).</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>