325 lines
20 KiB
XML
325 lines
20 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">stavd</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_stavd" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d1622e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>stavd</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>(æ)stavd</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1622e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>толстый</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>thick</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>крупный</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>large</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> ант. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lyst6æg9"><w>lystæg</w></ref>; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bæzǵyn"><w>bæzǵyn</w>
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<q>толстый</q>, <q>густой</q></ref> (ант. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæn"><w>tænæg</w></ref>),</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> ant. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lyst6æg9"><w>lystæg</w></ref>; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bæzǵyn"><w>bæzǵyn</w>
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<q>thick</q>, <q>dense</q></ref> (ant. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæn"><w>tænæg</w></ref>),</note>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>stavd</orth><form type="variant"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">в косвенных падежах </note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">in
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oblique cases </note><orth>stævd-</orth></form></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">толщина</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">thickness</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>stavd</oRef> saw dywwæ ʒykkūjy zævætyl
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æncadysty</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">две толстые черные косы касались пят</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">two thick black braids touched his feet</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>78</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kærty dwar mīdægæj <oRef>stavd</oRef> qīlæj
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cæxgærmæ æxkæd væjjy</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ворота двора бывают изнутри закрыты поперек
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толстой жердью</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the gates of the yard are closed from the
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inside across with a thick pole</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
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<biblScope>49</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Dareʒantæ <oRef>stavd</oRef> adæm
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wydysty</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Даредзановы были крупные люди</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">The Daredzanovs were big people</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 60</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">læppū fat ærxasta: farast tyngdary jæ dærǧ
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wydī, īw ærtyndar je stavd wydī</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">юноша принес стрелу: девять саженей она была в
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длину, один аршин в толщину</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the young man brought an arrow: it was nine
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fathoms long, one yard thick</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 83</biblScope></bibl>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"> Меры длины
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<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>tyngdar</w></mentioned> и <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>ærtyndar</w></mentioned> встречаются только в данном тексте и, по объяснению
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сказителя, соответствуют сажени и аршину</note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="footnote"> Measures
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<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>tyngdar</w></mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>ærtyndar</w></mentioned> are found only in this text and, according to the
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narrator's explanation, correspond to a fathom and a yard</note>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">conǵy <oRef>stævdæn</oRef> ʒykkū zæw-zæw
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kodta polmæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">коса толщиной в руку свисала до пола</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a scythe as thick as an arm hung down to the
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floor</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<biblScope>1962 VII 69</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ saw ʒykkūtæ rætæny
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<oRef>stævdæn</oRef>...</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ее черные косы толщиной с канат</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">her black braids are as thick as a rope</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæcʼīsy <oRef>stævdæn</oRef>
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æng˳ylʒtæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пальцы толщиной с рычаг</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fingers as thick as a lever</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
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<biblScope>305</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">stavd cæssygtæ byrydysty ænædast
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rūstyl</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">крупные слезы сползали по небритым щекам</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">big tears were sliding down his unshaven
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cheeks</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
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<biblScope>123</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ḱyzg kæwy... cæssyg zǧæly <oRef>stavd</oRef>
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ærtaxæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">девушка плачет... слезы капают крупными
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каплями</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the girl is crying... tears are falling in
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large drops</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сл."/></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ǧæjwon kʼæncælarmæ bacudæj bærzond
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<oRef>stavd</oRef> kændditæ læg</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в сельскую канцелярию вошел высокий, крупного
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сложения мужчина</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a tall, heavily built man entered the village
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office</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>115</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Biʒix adtæj bæzærxug <oRef>stavdgomaw</oRef>
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læg</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Бидзих был коренастый, довольно крупный
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мужчина</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Bidzikh was a stocky, a rather large man</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>118</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bælasæ... zænxæbæl ku niccævon, wæd sogæn
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ægær listæg, ciraǧæn ba ægær æstavd, otæ ʽj rakænʒænæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">если я ударю дерево об землю, я его обращу (в
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щепы) слишком мелкие на дрова и слишком крупные для лучины</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">if I hit a tree on the ground, I will turn it
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(into chips) too small for firewood and too large for a splinter</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Может восходить к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">stāuta-</w>,
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<w type="rec">stāfta-</w> или <w type="rec">stāvda-</w></mentioned> (индоевропейская
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база <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">stā-</w></mentioned>). В последнем случае ср.
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<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>stabdha-</w>
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<gloss><q>твердый</q>, <q>крепкий</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(от <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>stabh-</w>
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<gloss><q>крепить</q></gloss></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>. Далее: <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>staft</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
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<w>ᵃstaft</w>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<w>ʽstft</w>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Boyce"/>
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<biblScope>184</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>stůvd</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>густой</q></gloss>, <w>stəvdag</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>осадок</q>, <q>гуща (в супе)</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Эдельман._Язг."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>122</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>eṣṭavana-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>firm</q>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<date>1940</date>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>VIII 122</biblScope></bibl>)</note></gloss> , <gloss><q>твердый</q>,
|
|||
|
|
<q>крепкий</q>, <q>мощный</q>, <q>массивный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>stavah-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>мощь</q>, <q>толщина</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>stʼvar</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>толстый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>stambùs</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>грубый</q>, <q>большой и тяжелый</q></gloss></mentioned>; с формантом
|
|||
|
|
<c>-ra-</c>: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>sitabr</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>толстый</q>, <q>грубый</q>, <q>жесткий</q>,
|
|||
|
|
<q>твердый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>stawra-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>твердый</q>, <q>крепкий</q></gloss></mentioned>. По корню сюда относится и
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_styr" xml:lang="os"><lang>ос.</lang>
|
|||
|
|
<w xml:lang="os-x-iron">styr</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">stur</w>
|
|||
|
|
<q>большой</q></ref>, q. v. К осетинскому примыкает, по-видимому, <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang>чеч.</lang>
|
|||
|
|
<w>stomma</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>толстый</q></gloss>, <w>stamdala</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>толстеть</q></gloss></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">ОЭ</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>III 168</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>30</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>55</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Horn._Gr."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>158</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>VI 370</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="en">Could go back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">stāuta-</w>, <w type="rec">stāfta-</w> or <w type="rec">stāvda-</w></mentioned> (Indo-European stem
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">stā-</w></mentioned>). In the latter case cf.
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>stabdha-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>hard</q>, <q>strong</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(from <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>stabh-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>strengthen</q></gloss></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>. Further:
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>staft</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ᵃstaft</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<w>ʽstft</w>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Boyce"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>184</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>stůvd</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>thick</q></gloss>, <w>stəvdag</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>sediment</q>, <q>body of the soup</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Эдельман._Язг."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>122</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>eṣṭavana-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>firm</q>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<date>1940</date>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>VIII 122</biblScope></bibl>)</note></gloss> , <gloss><q>hard</q>,
|
|||
|
|
<q>firm</q>, <q>great</q>, <q>massive</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>stavah-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>might</q>, <q>thickness</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>stʼvar</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>thick</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>stambùs</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>tough</q>, <q>big and heavy</q></gloss></mentioned>; with the formant
|
|||
|
|
<c>-ra-</c>: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>sitabr</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>thick</q>, <q>tough</q>, <q>rough</q>, <q>hard</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>stawra-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>hard</q>, <q>firm</q></gloss></mentioned>. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_styr" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w xml:lang="os-x-iron">styr</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">stur</w>
|
|||
|
|
<q>big</q></ref> refers here by its root, q. v. <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>stomma</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>thick</q></gloss>, <w>stamdala</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>thicken</q></gloss></mentioned> corresponds the Ossetic word.<lb/><bibl>Ws.
|
|||
|
|
<author>Miller</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OE</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>III 168</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>30</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>55</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Horn._Gr."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>158</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>VI 370</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|