205 lines
16 KiB
XML
205 lines
16 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tærqūs</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_tærqūs" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230209T145030+0300" comment="Russian checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d3444e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>tærqūs</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>tærqos</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3444e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>заяц</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>hare</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>tærqūsʒarm</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>tærqosʒar</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">заячья шкура</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">hare skin</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>tærqūsy ryn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">падучая болезнь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">epilepsy</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>tærqūsy</oRef> tas k˳y bacæwy, zǧoryn
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wæd bajdajy</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в зайца как войдет страх, тут он и пускается
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бежать</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">as fear enters the hare, then he starts to
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run</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
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<biblScope>7<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">19</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īw ranæj <oRef>tærqūs</oRef> fægæpp kodta;
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…bajrag wajtaǧd bajjæfta <oRef>tærqūsy</oRef>, fælæbūrdta jæm dændagæj æmæ jæ
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ʼslæværdta barægmæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">из одного места выскочил заяц; жеребенок тотчас
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догнал зайца, схватил его зубами и подал всаднику</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a hare jumped out of one spot; the young colt
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immediately caught up with the hare, grabbed it with its teeth, and offered it to
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the horseman</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 86</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">o, <oRef>tærqūs</oRef>, ma mæm qūs!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">о заяц, не подслушивай меня!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">oh hare, don't eavesdrop on me!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>114</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæmi næ fæxxattæn wæxæn rawæn næbal niwwaǧton
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æma mæbæl cuppærkʼaxugi nomæn <oRef>tærqos</oRef> dær nekæmi fenbaldæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я не оставил такого места, где бы я не рыскал,
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но из четвероногих существ мне нигде не встретился даже заяц</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I did not leave a place where I did not prowl,
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but of the four-legged creatures I did not meet anywhere, not even a hare</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ka si festadæj sont
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<oRef>tærqos</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">некоторые из них стали (как) ошалевший заяц</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">some of them became (as) a dazed hare</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>67</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>tærqostæbæl</oRef> sæwmæ ka fenbæla
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omæn fændarast fæwæn næ es</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кто утром встретит зайцев, тому не будет
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доброго пути</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">whoever meets hares in the morning will not
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have a good journey</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Сл."/></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Из <w>darǧ-qūs</w>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">длинноухий</q></gloss>, с закономерным
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ослаблением гласного <c>a</c> → <c>æ</c> первой части (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
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<biblScope>§ 207<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">1</hi></biblScope></bibl>); см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_darǧ"><w>darǧ</w>
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<gloss><q>длинный</q></gloss></ref> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qūs"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">qūs</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ǧos</w>
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<gloss><q>ухо</q></gloss></ref>. Появление начального <c>t</c> вместо <c>d</c>
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наблюдается и в некоторых других случаях: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tīw"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">tīw </w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">tew</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tætun" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>tætun</w></ref>
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<q>давать</q> рядом с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dæddyn" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>dæddun</w></ref>; см. также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tarvaz"><w>tarvaz</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_twal"><w>twal</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyrysa"><w>tyrysa</w></ref>. В данном случае могли вмешаться и
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табуистические мотивы; см. выше: встреча с зайцем — дурная примета. <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes" xml:lang="de">Der Hase wird vielfach als ein
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unheimlisches Tier angesehen</q> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/>
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<biblScope>I 442</biblScope></bibl>)</quote> — В некоторых иранских языках заяц
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зовется <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">ослоухим</q>: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>xargūš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">xarɣōš</w> (<w>ɣrɣwš</w>)</mentioned>.<lb/><quote><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Шегрен"/>
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<biblScope>136</biblScope></bibl> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">по-настоящему <w xml:lang="os-x-digor">darǧǧos</w>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">длинное ухо</q></gloss>, как и по персидски
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<mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w xml:lang="fa">dirāzgūš</w></mentioned>, а по грузински
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<mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>kʼurdgeli</w></mentioned> вм. <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>qurdgeli</w></mentioned> из <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>qur-</w>
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<gloss><q>ухо</q></gloss></mentioned> и <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w xml:lang="ka">dgeli</w><gloss><q>длинный</q></gloss></mentioned></q>)</quote>. <bibl>Вс.
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<author>Миллер</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>III 161</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref><biblScope>30</biblScope></bibl>. <note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Позднее Вс. <name>Миллер</name> — вряд ли удачно — связывал <w>tær-</w> в
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<oRef>tærqūs</oRef> с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæltæg"><mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>tæltæg</w></mentioned> (у Миллера <w>tærtæg</w>) <gloss><q xml:lang="de">rührig</q></gloss></ref> и <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang xml:lang="inc-x-old"/>
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<w>tarala-</w>
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<gloss xml:lang="de"><q>zuckend</q> и пр.</gloss></mentioned>: <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">eigentl. <q>mit bewegenlichen Ohren</q></q>
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/><biblScope>21, стр.
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334</biblScope></bibl>)</quote>.</note> — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
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<biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">From <w>darǧ-qūs</w>
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<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">long-eared</q>, with a regular weakening of the vowel
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<c>a</c> → <c>æ</c> of the first part (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
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<biblScope>§ 207<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">1</hi></biblScope></bibl>); cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_darǧ"><w>darǧ</w>
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<gloss><q>long</q></gloss></ref> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qūs"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">qūs</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ǧos</w>
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<gloss><q>ear</q></gloss></ref>. The appearance of the initial <c>t</c> instead of
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<c>d</c> is also observed in some other cases: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tīw"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">tīw </w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">tew</w></ref><ref type="xr" target="#entry_tætun" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>tætun</w></ref><q>to give</q> next to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dæddyn" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>dæddun</w></ref>; cf. also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tarvaz"><w>tarvaz</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_twal"><w>twal</w></ref><ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyrysa"><w>tyrysa</w></ref>. In this
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case, tabooistic motives may also have intervened; see above: encountering a hare is bad
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omen. <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes" xml:lang="de">Der Hase wird vielfach als
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ein unheimlisches Tier angesehen</q><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/><biblScope>I 442</biblScope></bibl></quote> — In several Iranian languages the
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hare is called <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">donkey-eared</q>:<mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>xargūš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">xarɣōš</w> (<w>ɣrɣwš</w>)</mentioned>.<lb/><quote><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Шегрен"/>
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<biblScope>136</biblScope></bibl> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">truly <w xml:lang="os-x-digor">darǧǧos</w>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">long ear</q></gloss>, as in Persian
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<mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w xml:lang="fa">dirāzgūš</w></mentioned>, and in Georgian
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<mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>kʼurdgeli</w></mentioned> in place of <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>qurdgeli</w></mentioned> from <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>qur-</w>
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<gloss><q>ear</q></gloss></mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w xml:lang="ka">dgeli</w>
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<gloss><q>long</q></gloss></mentioned></q>)</quote>. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>III 161</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
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<biblScope>30</biblScope></bibl>.<note type="footnote">Later on, Ws. Miller — hardly
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successfully — linked <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>tær-</w></mentioned> in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tærqūs"><mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>tærqūs</w></mentioned></ref> with
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæltæg"><mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>tæltæg</w></mentioned></ref> (<mentioned xml:lang="os"><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">Miller’s</note>
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<w>tærtæg</w></mentioned>) <q xml:lang="de">rührig</q> and <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang xml:lang="inc-x-old"/>
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<w>tarala-</w><gloss xml:lang="de"><q>zuckend</q></gloss></mentioned> etc: <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">eigentl. <q>mit bewegenlichen Ohren</q></q>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>
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<biblScope>21, p. 334</biblScope></bibl></quote>.</note> — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/><biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl></etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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