414 lines
30 KiB
XML
414 lines
30 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">wari</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_wari" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d4979e66" type="lemma"><orth>wari</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4979e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сокол</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>falcon</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Falco</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Falco</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">также </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">also </note>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>коршун</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>kite (bird)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">? (см. ниже, <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
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<biblScope>168);<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">У анатолийских осетин
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<name>Thordarson</name> зафиксировал значение <q>орел</q>, <q>eagle</q>
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(<bibl><title>Some notes on Anatolian Ossetic</title>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AO"/>
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<biblScope>1971 XXXIII 166</biblScope></bibl>).</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="footnote">У анатолийских осетин <name>Thordarson</name>
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зафиксировал значение <q>орел</q>, <q>eagle</q> (<bibl><title>Some notes on
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Anatolian Ossetic</title>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AO"/>
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<biblScope>1971 XXXIII 166</biblScope></bibl>).</note> ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lacin"><w>lacin</w></ref></biblScope></bibl></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">? (see below, <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
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<biblScope>168);<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">У анатолийских осетин
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<name>Thordarson</name> зафиксировал значение <q>орел</q>, <q>eagle</q>
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(<bibl><title>Some notes on Anatolian Ossetic</title>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AO"/>
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<biblScope>1971 XXXIII 166</biblScope></bibl>).</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="footnote"><name>Thordarson</name> reported the Ossetians
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of Anatolia using the word as if meaning <q>eagle</q> (<bibl><title>Some notes
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on Anatolian Ossetic</title>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AO"/>
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<biblScope>1971 XXXIII 166</biblScope></bibl>).</note> cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lacin"><w>lacin</w></ref></biblScope></bibl></note>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>wariʒæf</orth>
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<form type="variant"><orth>wariʒavd</orth></form></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пораженный соколом</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">struck by a falcon</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d4979e75">
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cærgæstæ, <oRef>waritæ</oRef> tæxync mænæn mæ
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særmæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">орлы, соколы летают надо мной</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">eagles, falcons are flying above me</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Темыр."/>
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<biblScope>41</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Batyraž… fæqær kodta, cærgæsy axst,
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<oRef>warijy</oRef> qær</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Батраз издал крик, клекот орла, крик сокола</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Batyrazh screamed, screeched like an eagle,
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cried like a falcon</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>I 172</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kʼyrttym avd ævzaǵy zydta, fælæ jæ
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<oRef>wari</oRef> k˳y ‘rsyrdta, wæd ʒy jæxī ‘vzag dær ferox</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">малиновка знала семь языков, но когда ее нагнал
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сокол, то она забыла и свой собственный язык</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the robin knew seven languages, but when a
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falcon reached her, she forgot even her native tongue</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">пословица; </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">proverb; </note>
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<ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сл."/></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>wart</oRef>, … mæg˳yr idæʒ ūsy kærḱytæ
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īwgaj-dygaj xæssys</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сокол, ты уносишь по одной, по две кур бедной
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вдовы</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">falcon, you take away one, two hens of a poor
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widow</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>114</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cwan kodtoj, dardtoj <oRef>waritæ</oRef>…;
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<oRef>waritæ</oRef> īw sæ xīcæwttæn sæ wæxsḱytyl baddysty</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они занимались охотой, держали <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(охотничьих) </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(охотничьих) </note>соколов…; соколы сидели
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обычно на плечах своих хозяев</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they hunted, kept <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(охотничьих) </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(hunting) </note>falcons…; the falcons would
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usually sit on their owner’s shoulders</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАС"/>
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<biblScope>I 568</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dymgæ… rynʒtyl utæxy rastdær
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<oRef>warijaw</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ветер проносится над обрывами, точно как
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сокол</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the wind is rushing above the cliffs, just like
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a falcon</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
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<biblScope>81</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Twaltæj …<oRef>wari</oRef> stæg dær k˳y næ
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xæssy</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">от туальцев даже сокол кости не унесет</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">even a falcon cannot carry away some bones from
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the Dvals</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАС"/>
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<biblScope>I 578</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
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</usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">saw lacin æma bor <oRef>wari</oRef>
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fæccæwuncæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">несутся черный сокол и желтый коршун</q>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(?)</note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment">(?)</note>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a black falcon and a yellow kite are rushing
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by</q>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment">(?)</note>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
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<biblScope>168</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>wariʒæf</oRef> kark</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пораженная <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(подбитая) </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(подбитая) </note>соколом курица</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">hen struck <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(подбитая) </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(hit) </note>by a falcon</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1935 I—II 69</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>wariʒavd</oRef> kærḱytaw…</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">подобно пораженным соколом курам…</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">like hens struck by a falcon…</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сл."/>
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</bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
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</usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">warecavd kærkiti ælqivd nikkodtoncæ
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sæxe</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они сжались, как подбитые соколом куры</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they shrunk like hens struck by a falcon</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Неотделимо от <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>bari</w>
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<gloss><q>сокол</q></gloss></mentioned>. Происхождение, видимо, иранское. Один из гимнов
|
|||
|
|
Авесты посвящен богу победы Вртрагне. Бог является в разных образах — быка, коня,
|
|||
|
|
верблюда, кабана и др., в частности в образе птицы <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vārəgan-</w></mentioned>. Эта птица характеризуется как самая быстрая из птиц, как
|
|||
|
|
единственная способная нагнать на лету пущенную стрелу
|
|||
|
|
(<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230627T214609+0600" comment="?"?><bibl><title>Y</title>.
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>14 19—20</biblScope></bibl><?oxy_comment_end ?>). Название
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230627T214809+0600" comment="авестийское?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>vāragan-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> считается этимологически
|
|||
|
|
неясным, хотя по словообразованию оно совершенно прозрачно. Элемент
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230627T214829+0600" comment="авестийское?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>-gan-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> во второй части сложных слов
|
|||
|
|
означает <q>убивающий</q>, <q>убийца</q>; ср. <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vīra-gan-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">мужеубийца</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>gao-gan-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">убивающий корову</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>udra-gan-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">убивающий выдру</q></gloss></mentioned> и др. Стало
|
|||
|
|
быть, под названием
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230627T214809+0600" comment="авестийское?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>vāra-gan-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> скрывается какая-то хищная
|
|||
|
|
птица, которая убивает какие-то существа, называемые
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230627T214809+0600" comment="авестийское?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>vāra-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>. Жертвой хищных птиц бывают
|
|||
|
|
обычно домашние птицы, и всего вероятнее <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vāra-</w></mentioned> есть название какой-то домашней птицы. В самой Авесте мы
|
|||
|
|
отдельно такого слова не находим. Но оно сохранилось в талыгаском, курдском, армянском и
|
|||
|
|
грузинском: <mentioned xml:lang="tly"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>verə</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>молодая курочка</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Пирейко</author>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>Тал.</title>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>42</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>varik</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>цыпленок</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Курдоев"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>773</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>varikʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>varia</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>молодая курочка</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vāragan-</w></mentioned> означает, стало быть, <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">куроубийца</q>, скорее всего <q>сокол</q>, <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">быстрейшая из
|
|||
|
|
птиц</q>. (См.: <bibl><author>Stricker</author>. <title>Varəγna — the falcon</title>.
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IIJ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1962 VII 310—317</biblScope></bibl>). Сюда же <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">wārγanāk</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<w>wʼrγnʼk</w>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>сокол</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TSP"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>228, 274</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>wāraγnīk</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q/></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Henning</author>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>Zoroaster</title>. <pubPlace>London</pubPlace>, <date>1951</date>,
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>стр. 45</biblScope></bibl>). Осетинскую форму следует возводить к
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wārigan</w></mentioned>. Когда значение
|
|||
|
|
композита перестало осознаваться, конечное <w>-gan</w> отпало и осталось
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>wari</oRef>. Возможно также, что <oRef>wari</oRef> — из
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230627T215755+0600" comment="иранское или осетинское?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">warin</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> и восходит к
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">vāraγnya</w></mentioned>, как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīn"><w>zærīn</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>золото</q></gloss></ref> к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zaraγnya</w></mentioned> и т. п. Грузинская форма с начальным <c>b-</c> отражает <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">персидскую</q> норму. Переходная форма <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">warig</w></mentioned> отложилась в осетинском фамильном
|
|||
|
|
имени <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><w>Warig-a-tæ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">Соколовы</q></gloss></mentioned>, отмеченном в
|
|||
|
|
районе аула Коби. — Случайно ли созвучие с <mentioned xml:lang="kv" extralang="udm"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>varəš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="chm"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>varaš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kca"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>warĵs</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>ястреб</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="vep"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vorjú</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fi"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>varis</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>ворона</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Лыткии, Гуляев</author>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>47—48</biblScope></bibl>)? Если не случайно, то возникает мысль о <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">ностратпческой</q> общности или о звукоизобразительной
|
|||
|
|
природе. В этом случае нельзя будет обойти и <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/> <w>varju</w> <gloss><q>ворона</q></gloss></mentioned> (ср.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MNTESz."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>III 1092—1093</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">vornu</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>ворон</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">vorna</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>ворона</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prg"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>warnis</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>var̃nas</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>ворон</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>várna</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="txb"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>wrauna</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>ворона</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>varak</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>ворон</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Junker._Frahang"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>). — <name>Вс. Миллер</name> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>8</biblScope></bibl>) привлекает <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vāršeh</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>accipiter</q></gloss></mentioned>.— Также см.: <bibl><author>Bailey</author>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>Studies… offered to Palmer</title>. <pubPlace>Innsbruck</pubPlace>,
|
|||
|
|
<date>1976</date>, <biblScope>стр. 31</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="en">Inseparable by <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>bari</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>falcon</q></gloss></mentioned>. Seems to be of Iranic origin. One of the hymns
|
|||
|
|
of Avesta is dedicated to Vrtragna, the god of victory. This deity appears in different
|
|||
|
|
forms — of an ox, a horse, a camel, a boar etc., including of the bird <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>vārəgan-</w></mentioned>. This bird is described as the fastest bird of
|
|||
|
|
them all, the only one capable of cathing up to a shot arrow
|
|||
|
|
(<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230627T214609+0600" comment="?"?><bibl><title>Y</title>.
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>14 19—20</biblScope></bibl><?oxy_comment_end ?>). The etymology of the name
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230627T214809+0600" comment="авестийское?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>vāragan-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> is etymologically unclear,
|
|||
|
|
although it is completely transparent from a derivational point of view. The element
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230627T214829+0600" comment="авестийское?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>-gan-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> as a second part of compound
|
|||
|
|
words means <q>killing</q>, <q>killer</q>; cf. <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vīra-gan-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">homicide</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>gao-gan-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">killing a cow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>udra-gan-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">killing an otter</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. Thus,
|
|||
|
|
the name
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230627T214809+0600" comment="авестийское?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>vāra-gan-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> denotes a predatory bird
|
|||
|
|
that kills some beings called
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230627T214809+0600" comment="авестийское?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>vāra-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>. Predatory birds usually prey
|
|||
|
|
domestic birds. Thus, most probably <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vāra-</w></mentioned> is most probaby the name of one such domestic bird. This word
|
|||
|
|
is not found in Avesta itself, although it is preserved in Talyshi, Kurdish, Armenian and
|
|||
|
|
Georgian: <mentioned xml:lang="tly"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>verə</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>young hen</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Pireiko</author>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>Tal.</title>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>42</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>varik</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>chick</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Курдоев"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>773</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>varikʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>varia</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>young hen</q></gloss></mentioned>. In this way, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vāragan-</w></mentioned> means <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">killer of chickens</q>
|
|||
|
|
or, most probably, <q>falcon</q>, <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">the fastest bird</q>. (See:
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><author>Stricker</author>. <title>Varəγna — the falcon</title>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IIJ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1962 VII 310—317</biblScope></bibl>). Related are <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">wārγanāk</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<w>wʼrγnʼk</w>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>falcon</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TSP"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>228, 274</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>wāraγnīk</w></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Henning</author>. <title>Zoroaster</title>.
|
|||
|
|
<pubPlace>London</pubPlace>, <date>1951</date>, <biblScope>p. 45</biblScope></bibl>).
|
|||
|
|
The Ossetic form should be traced back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wārigan</w></mentioned>. When the meaning of the compound stopped being
|
|||
|
|
compositional, the final <w>-gan</w> disappeared with only <oRef>wari</oRef> remaining. It
|
|||
|
|
is also possible that <oRef>wari</oRef> comes from
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230627T215755+0600" comment="иранское или осетинское?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">warin</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> and goes back to
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">vāraγnya</w></mentioned>, like <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīn"><w>zærīn</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>gold</q></gloss></ref> to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zaraγnya</w></mentioned> etc. The Georgian form with the inital <c>b-</c> reflects the
|
|||
|
|
<q rend="#rend_doublequotes">Persian</q> norm. A transitional form, namely <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">warig</w></mentioned>, fossilised in the Osseitc family name
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><w>Warig-a-tæ</w></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230702T215115+0600" comment="не знаю, можно ли так делать"?>akin
|
|||
|
|
to <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Sokolovy</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> and spotted in the vicinity of Kobi. — Is
|
|||
|
|
similarity to <mentioned xml:lang="kv" extralang="udm"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>varəš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="chm"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>varaš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kca"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>warĵs</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>hawk</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="vep"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vorjú</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fi"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>varis</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>crow</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Lytkii, Gulyaev</author>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>47—48</biblScope></bibl>) coincidental? If not, then one might begin to think
|
|||
|
|
of a <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">Nostratic</q> common origin or an onomatopoeic nature of
|
|||
|
|
these words. In this case, <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>varju</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>crow</q></gloss></mentioned> (cf.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MNTESz."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>III 1092—1093</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">vornu</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>raven</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">vorna</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>crow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prg"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>warnis</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>var̃nas</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>raven</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>várna</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="txb"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>wrauna</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>crow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>varak</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>raven</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Junker._Frahang"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>) should not be left behind. — <name>Ws. Miller</name>
|
|||
|
|
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>8</biblScope></bibl>) draw a connection to <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vāršeh</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>accipiter</q></gloss></mentioned>.— See also: <bibl><author>Bailey</author>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>Studies… offered to Palmer</title>. <pubPlace>Innsbruck</pubPlace>,
|
|||
|
|
<date>1976</date>, <biblScope>p. 31</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|