293 lines
20 KiB
XML
293 lines
20 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xæf</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_xæf" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231024T201027+0300" comment="Russian checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d5838e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>xæf</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>xæfæ</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>pus</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>pus</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xæf kænyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">гноиться</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fester</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xæfcæst</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense n="1">
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(bahuvrihi) </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(bahuvrihi) </note>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">гноеглазый</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">pus-eyed</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense n="2">
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(tatpuruṣa) </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(tatpuruṣa) </note>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>гнойник</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>pustule</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xæfdændag</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">гноезубый</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">pus-toothed</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xæffynʒ</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сопля</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">snot</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">k˳yʒy xæst ferxæm, <oRef>ysxæftæ</oRef>
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kodta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">укус собаки стал нарывать, гноиться</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the dog bite started to abscess, fester</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>12</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ xīstær æng˳ylʒ <oRef>xæfæj</oRef>
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bambydī</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">твой большой палец сгнил от гноя</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">your thumb is rotten with pus</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<date>1956</date>
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<biblScope>V 11</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>xæf</oRef> femæxst</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">гной прорвался</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the pus has burst</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<date>1956</date>
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<biblScope>V 11</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ædsati… æ xætælæj nyccæ didæ, ma kæmi ci cæf
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sird adtæj, etæ æmburd kænun rajdajoncæ, sæ ǧædgintæ sin fexsnidæ, sæ
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<oRef>xæftæ</oRef> sin fækkæʒos kænidæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Афсати (бог зверей) заиграет, бывало, на своей
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свирели, и отовсюду раненые звери начинали собираться, и (Афсати) обмывал их раны,
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очищал от гноя</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Afsati (the god of beasts) would play his
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whistle, and wounded beasts would gather from everywhere, and (Afsati) would wash
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their wounds and cleanse them of pus</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАС"/>
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<biblScope>II 281</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">otemæj xasta Dado æxe ma æ zærond
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<oRef>xæfcæstæ</oRef> osi</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">так Дадо кормил себя и свою старую гноеглазую
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жену</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">that's how Dado fed himself and his old
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pus-eyed wife</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>116</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">kapha-</w></mentioned>. В других иранских языках преобладает значение
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<gloss><q>пена</q></gloss>, но в древнеиндийском — <gloss><q>слизь</q></gloss>. Ср.
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<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fa" extralang="ku pal"><lang>перс., пехл.,
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курд.</lang>
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<w>kaf</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>kap</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>xaf</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>xof</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>пена</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>xef</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>šāf</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>слюна</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><w> xīf</w>
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<gloss><q>пена</q></gloss></mentioned></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-rushani"><lang/>
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<w>xof</w>
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<gloss><q>пена</q></gloss></mentioned>,<note type="footnote"><bibl><author>Morgenstierne</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._Shughni">Shughni</ref>
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<biblScope>97</biblScope>)</bibl> считает форму <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><w>šāf</w></mentioned> для шугнанской группы оригинальной, а формы
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<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><w> xīf</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-rushani"><w>xof</w></mentioned></mentioned> заимствованными. Не
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исключено, однако, что мы имеем дело с перекрестными изоглоссами.</note>
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<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="wbl" extralang="isk"><lang/>
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<w>xuf</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
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<w>xof</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>xufk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>xaf</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><w>xafa</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>пена</q>, <q>накипь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>khava</w>
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<gloss><q>пена</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Konow._Gramm."/>
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<biblScope>236</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>kafa-</w>
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<gloss><q>пена</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>kapha-</w>
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<gloss><q>слизь</q>, <q>мокрота</q>
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<note type="comment">(согласно индийской медицине, один из трех видов влаги
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человеческого тела)</note></gloss></mentioned>. — Из иранского вошло в некоторые
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языки Кавказа: <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>kapi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lez"><lang/>
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<w>kaf</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="udi"><lang/>
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<w>xaf</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>пена</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæffynʒ"><w>xæffynʒ</w>
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<gloss><q>сопля</q></gloss></ref>. — Семантический стержень — <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">жидкое выделение</q> —позволяет сблизить индоиранскую
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группу со <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>kapati</w></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>капать</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>капля</w></mentioned></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">kap-</w></mentioned>)</mentioned> и <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>soplь</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>сопля</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ḱap-</w></mentioned>). Допущение базы <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">ḱap-</w></mentioned> (рядом с <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">kap-</w></mentioned>) диктуется и <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>rišāpa-</w>
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<gloss><note type="comment">эпитет дракона, из <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>riš-<w type="rec">sapa-</w></w></mentioned></note>
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<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">чьи выделения (<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w type="rec">sapa-</w></mentioned>) ядовиты (<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>riš-</w></mentioned>)</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
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<biblScope>1473</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — В значении
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<gloss><q>пена</q></gloss> в осетинском бытует слово <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fynk"><w>fynk</w> | <w>finkæ</w> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
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<biblScope>498</biblScope></bibl>)</ref>.<lb/><bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">ОЭ</ref>
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<biblScope>III 148</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
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<biblScope>26, 34</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
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<biblScope>II 265</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/>
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<biblScope>30</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary"/>
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<biblScope>73</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>333</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Derived from <mentioned xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">kapha-</w></mentioned>. In other Iranian languages the predominant meaning
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is <gloss><q>foam</q></gloss>, but in Old Indian it is <gloss><q>mucus</q></gloss>. Cf.
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<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fa" extralang="ku pal"><lang>Persian, Middle Persian,
|
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Kurdish</lang>
|
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<w>kaf</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
|
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<w>kap</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
|
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<w>xaf</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
|
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<w>xof</w></mentioned>
|
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<gloss><q>foam</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
|
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<w>xef</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
|
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|
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<w>šāf</w></mentioned>
|
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|
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<gloss><q>saliva</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><w> xīf</w>
|
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<gloss><q>foam</q></gloss></mentioned></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-rushani"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>xof</w>
|
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|
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<gloss><q>foam</q></gloss></mentioned>,<note type="footnote"><bibl><author>Morgenstierne</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._Shughni">Shughni</ref>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>97</biblScope>)</bibl> considers the form <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><w>šāf</w></mentioned> for the Shughni group as original, while the forms
|
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|
|
<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><w> xīf</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-rushani"><w>xof</w></mentioned></mentioned> заимствованными. are
|
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|
|
borrowed. It is possible, however, that we are dealing with cross-isoglosses.</note>
|
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|
|
<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="wbl" extralang="isk"><lang/>
|
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|
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<w>xuf</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>xof</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>xufk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>xaf</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><w>xafa</w></mentioned>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>foam</q>, <q>limescale</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>khava</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>foam</q></gloss>
|
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|
|
<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Konow._Gramm."/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>236</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>kafa-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>foam</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>kapha-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>mucus</q>, <q>phlegm</q>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(according to Indian medicine, one of the three types of moisture
|
|||
|
|
in the human body)</note></gloss></mentioned>. — From Iranian it entered some
|
|||
|
|
languages of the Caucasus: <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kapi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lez"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kaf</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="udi"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>xaf</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>foam</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæffynʒ"><w>xæffynʒ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>snot</q></gloss></ref>. — The semantic pivot, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">liquid secretion</q>, makes it possible to bring the
|
|||
|
|
Indo-Iranian to <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kapati</w></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kapatʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>kaplja</w></mentioned></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">kap-</w></mentioned>)</mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>soplь</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>soplja</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">ḱap-</w></mentioned>). The assumption of the <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">ḱap-</w></mentioned> base (along with <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">kap-</w></mentioned>) is also dictated by <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>rišāpa-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><note type="comment">an epithet of the dragon, from <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>riš-<w type="rec">sapa-</w></w></mentioned></note>
|
|||
|
|
<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">whose secretions (<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w type="rec">sapa-</w></mentioned>) are poisonous (<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>riš-</w></mentioned>)</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1473</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — in the meaning of
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>foam</q></gloss> in Ossetic comes the word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fynk"><w>fynk</w> | <w>finkæ</w> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>498</biblScope></bibl>)</ref>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>III 148</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>26, 34</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 265</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>30</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>73</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>333</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|