346 lines
20 KiB
XML
346 lines
20 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">x˳ylf</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_x0ylf" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d4286e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>x˳ylf</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>xurfæ</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4286e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>нутро</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>gut</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>внутренность</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>interior</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>лоно</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>bowels</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>недра</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>entrails</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>утроба</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>womb</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>чрево</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>uterus</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<def xml:lang="ru">функционирует также как склоняемый послелог в значении
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<q>внутри</q></def>
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<def xml:lang="en">also functions as an inflected postposition in the meaning
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<q>inside</q></def>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>x˳ylfyʒawmatæ</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">внутренности</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">guts</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nal zonyn zarǵytæ, zærdæ <oRef>x˳ylfy</oRef>
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k˳y baxūs</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я уже не ведаю песен, сердце внутри (меня)
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высохло</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I no longer know songs, my heart has dried up
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inside me</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Темыр."/>
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<biblScope>22</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæstæj mæ <oRef>x˳ylf</oRef> basyǧd</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нутро мое сгорело от горя</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">my gut burned with grief</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Темыр."/>
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<biblScope>38</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mænæn dæwæj mæ <oRef>x˳ylfy</oRef> ravzærydī
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læppū</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у меня от тебя в моем лоне зародился
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мальчик</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I have your boy in my womb</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 11</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sarmazany <oRef>x˳ylfy</oRef> dywwadæs
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mirkʼajy toppyxos nykkodtoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">внутрь пушки всыпали 12 мерок пороха</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">12 measures of gunpowder were poured into the
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cannon</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 22</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Kolyjy fyrt jæ <oRef>x˳ylfæj</oRef>
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ysqærzydta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Колиев сын заболел нутром</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Kolievs’ son fell ill with the gut</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>84</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæsugi <oRef>xurfæj</oRef> i kosæg kizgæ
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racæjwadæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">из (нутра) башни выбежала работница</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a worker ran out from inside the tower</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ǧædi <oRef>xurfi</oRef>...</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">внутри леса...</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">inside the forest...</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>62</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tægænaj <oRef>xurfæj</oRef> Selæn surx tog
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æstæruj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">из (<q>нутра</q>) корыта Селан (имя пса) лижет
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алую кровь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from the inside of the trough Selan (the name
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of the dog) licks scarlet blood</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Sam."/>
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<biblScope>100</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ fændon mæ <oRef>xurfi</oRef>
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æxseduj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мое желание кипит внутри меня</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">my desire boils inside of me</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
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<biblScope>77</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ew gaccamæ baqærtʒænæ, nadbæl dærǧæmæ xussuj,
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æ <oRef>xurfæj</oRef> kʼæbistæ ræjuncæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ты дойдешь до одной суки, лежит растянувшись на
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дороге, (а) из ее утробы лают щенята</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you will reach one female dog, lying stretched
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out on the road, (and) puppies barking from her womb</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 12</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-iron">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Amyran kalmy g˳ybyny xærynkʼa felvæsta, jæ
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<oRef>x˳ylfyʒawmatæ</oRef> jyn kærdyn bajdydta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Амиран в животе змея достал ножик и стал резать
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ему внутренности</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Amiran took out a knife in the snake’s stomach
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and began to cut its insides</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 62</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sagi xurfiʒawmawtæj fezonæg kodta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">из внутренностей оленя он готовил шашлык</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from the insides of a deer, he cooked a
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barbecue</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
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<biblScope>178</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Вс. <name>Миллер</name> колебался между сближением с <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>kəhrp-</w>
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<gloss><q>образ</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">ОЭ</ref>
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<biblScope>II 75, III 148</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> и с <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang>ав.</lang>
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<w>garəwa-</w>
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<gloss><q>материнское лоно</q></gloss>
|
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
|
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<biblScope>23, 26, 34</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Обе этимологии связаны
|
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|
|
с фонетическими трудностями, а первая также c семантическими. Откуда огласовка <c>u</c>?
|
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|
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Откуда в иронском согласный <c>l</c> (вместо <c>r</c>)? Начальный <c>x</c> может восходить
|
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|
|
к <c>gh</c>, как <c>f</c> нередко восходит к <c>bh</c> (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wafyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Naf"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_naf"><w>naffæ</w></ref>). Стало быть, прототипом для <oRef/> могла быть
|
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|
|
форма <w type="rec">ghulbho-</w>. Ср. в этом случае <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
|
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|
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<w>gulf</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>пучина</q>, <q>бездна</q>, <q>пропасть</q></gloss>, также <gloss><q>морской
|
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|
|
залив</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="it"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<note type="comment">(из <lang>герм.</lang>)</note>
|
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|
|
<w>golfo</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(почему-то считается занмствованием из <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>κολπος</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="no"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>gulv</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sv"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>golf</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>низ</q>, <q>пол</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w type="rec">glub-</w></mentioned> в <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>глыбокий</w></mentioned>,
|
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|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230506T165051+0300" comment="нужен чеш диал"?><mentioned xml:lang="cs"><lang>чеш. (диал.)</lang>
|
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|
|
<w>hlyboky</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, (с носовым инфиксом) <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>glo̧bokъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>глубокий</w>, <w>глубь</w></mentioned> и пр. Данная этимология относит
|
|||
|
|
<lang>ос.</lang>
|
|||
|
|
<oRef/> | <oRef>xurfæ</oRef> к скифо-европейским изоглоссам, о чем см. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/></bibl>. Дигорская форма <oRef>xurfæ</oRef>
|
|||
|
|
объясняется, надо полагать, тем, что в период усвоения этого слова предок дигорского
|
|||
|
|
сохранял еще верность индоиранскому ротацизму. — Вероятно, приведенные слова относятся в
|
|||
|
|
конечном счете к обширной группе идеофонической природы, куда войдут и <lang>ос.</lang>
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼ0yrf"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qulf"/>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>глубокий</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_g0ylf"><w>g˳ylf</w>,
|
|||
|
|
<w>gulf</w>, <w>gurf</w>, <w>kurf</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>волна</q>, <q>масса</q></gloss></ref>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>κόλπος</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>чрево</q>, <q>утроба</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>gufra-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>глубокий</q></gloss></mentioned>. Исходная идеофоническая база — <w>KUP</w>,
|
|||
|
|
<w>GUP</w>, <w>GUB</w> с последующими наращениями и метатезами.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>39, n. 4</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="en">Ws. <name>Miller</name> hesitated between connecting with <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kəhrp-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>image</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OE</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 75, III 148</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> and with <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>garəwa-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>mother womb</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>23, 26, 34</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Both etymologies are
|
|||
|
|
associated with phonetic difficulties, and the first — also with semantic ones. Where did
|
|||
|
|
<c>u</c> come from? Where did <c>l</c> come from in Iron (instead of <c>r</c>)? The
|
|||
|
|
initial <c>x</c> can go back to <c>gh</c>, as <c>f</c> often goes back to <c>bh</c> (see
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_wafyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Naf"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_naf"><w>naffæ</w></ref>). Therefore, the form <w type="rec">ghulbho-</w> could be the prototype for <oRef/>. Cf. in this case <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>gulf</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="it"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(from <lang>Germanic</lang>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<w>golfo</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(for some reason considered borrowed from <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>κολπος</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="no"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>gulv</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sv"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>golf</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>bottom</q>, <q>floor</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">glub-</w></mentioned> in <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>glybokij</w></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230506T165051+0300" comment="нужен чеш диал"?><mentioned xml:lang="cs"><lang>чеш. (диал.)</lang>
|
|||
|
|
<w>hlyboky</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, (with the nasal infix) <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>glo̧bokъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>glubokij</w>, <w>glubʼ</w></mentioned> etc. This etymology refers
|
|||
|
|
<lang>Ossetic</lang>
|
|||
|
|
<oRef/> | <oRef>xurfæ</oRef> to the Scythian-European isoglosses, see. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/></bibl>. The Digor form <oRef>xurfæ</oRef> can be
|
|||
|
|
explained, presumably, by the fact that during the period of assimilation of this word,
|
|||
|
|
the Digor ancestor still remained faithful to Indo-Iranian rhotacism. — It is probable
|
|||
|
|
that the cited words ultimately refer to a vast group of ideophonic nature, which will
|
|||
|
|
also include <lang>Ossetic</lang>
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼ0yrf"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qulf"/>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>deep</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_g0ylf"><w>g˳ylf</w>,
|
|||
|
|
<w>gulf</w>, <w>gurf</w>, <w>kurf</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>wave</q>, <q>mass</q></gloss></ref>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>κόλπος</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>womb</q>, <q>uterus</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>gufra-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>deep</q></gloss></mentioned>. The original ideophonic stem — <w>KUP</w>,
|
|||
|
|
<w>GUP</w>, <w>GUB</w> with subsequent augmentations and metatheses.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>39, n. 4</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|