190 lines
13 KiB
XML
190 lines
13 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">x˳yrx</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_x0yrx" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d5094e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>x˳yrx</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>xurxæ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5094e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>кислая сыворотка</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>acid whey</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. Сыворотка, остающаяся после створаживания молока (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_syly"/>), в результате окисления превращается в <oRef/>,
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употребляется женщинами для мытья волос</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. The whey remaining after curdling milk (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_syly"/>), turns into a <oRef/> as a result of oxidation, used by women to
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wash their hair</note>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>x˳yrxdon</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>xurxdon</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">разбавленная сыворотка</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">diluted whey</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kʼūsy myn <oRef/> radav</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">принеси мне в миске сыворотки</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bring me in a bowl of whey</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
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<biblScope>17</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qarm kærʒynæn syly æmæ <oRef>x˳yrxīmæ</oRef>
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dær nīcy ū</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">теплый хлеб c <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syly"/> и <oRef/> тоже ничего (неплохая еда)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">warm bread with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syly"/> and <oRef/> is also a not bad food</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<biblScope>1962 X 69</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qycʼy x˳yrxy tūlync, æmæ dæ cæmæn qæwy
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salat</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">полевую горчицу обмакивают в сыворотку, и
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(лучшего) салата тебе не нужно</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">field mustard is dipped in whey, and you do not
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need a (better) salad</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<biblScope>1962 X 69</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(xwallag in) xuluʒʒag kærʒin, qæbærgomaw
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cæxgun ciǧd, næ <oRef>xurxdon</oRef> ba in niwazujnag</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(для еды ему) хлеб из недосушенного ячменя,
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твердый соленый сыр, а наша разбавленная сыворотка ему для питья</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">for his food, bread made from undercooked
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barley, hard salted cheese, and our diluted whey for him to drink</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 127</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hur(a)ka-</w></mentioned>. Индоевропейская база <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">sur</w>
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<gloss><q>острый</q> (о напитках, пище)</gloss></mentioned> надежно представлена в
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индоиранских, балто-славянских и германских языках: <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>hurā-</w>
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<gloss><q>Milchwein</q>, <q>Kumys</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
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<biblScope>1837</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>hūra-</w>, <w>haura-</w> id. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AION"/>
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<biblScope>1959 I 129</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary">Saka Dictionary</ref>
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<biblScope>492</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>hūr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>sūra-</w></mentioned>
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<gloss>название напитка (сок сомы)</gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>syrъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>сыр</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>súras</w>
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<gloss><q>соль</q></gloss>, <w>suris</w>
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<gloss><q>сыр</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="non"><lang/>
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<w>sūrr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ang" extralang="goh"><lang/>
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<w>sūr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>sauer</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
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<w>sour</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>кислый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sqj"><lang/>
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<w>hira</w>
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<gloss><q>кислое молоко</q></gloss></mentioned>. Об этой группе слов см:
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<bibl><author>Brondaj</author>. <title>Mots <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">scythes</q> en nordique primitif</title>. Acta Philol. Scand. <date>1928</date>
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<biblScope>1 6</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Liden</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KZ"/>
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<biblScope>LXI 7 sq.</biblScope>)</bibl> возводит <lang>ос.</lang>
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<oRef>xurxæ</oRef> к <w type="rec">sukra-</w> от базы <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">suk-</w>
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<gloss><q>вращать</q></gloss> и пр.</mentioned> Фонетически такое развитие возможно;
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ср., например, <lang>ос.</lang>
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_syrx"><w>surx</w>
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<gloss><q>красный</q></gloss></ref> из <mentioned xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
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<w>śukra-</w></mentioned>. Но в этом случае пришлось бы осетинское слово оторвать от
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приведенных выше индоиранских и германских фактов, что вряд ли оправдано. Из осетинского
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идет <mentioned xml:lang="ka-x-mokhev"><lang/>
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<w>xurxa</w>
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<gloss><q>кислая сыворотка, которой женщины моют голову</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Макалатия"/>
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<biblScope>110: ошибочно <w>xursa</w></biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hur(a)ka-</w></mentioned>. Indo-European stem <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">sur</w>
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<gloss><q>spicy</q> (about drinks, food)</gloss></mentioned> reliably represented in
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Indo-Iranian, Balto-Slavic and Germanic languages: <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>hurā-</w>
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<gloss><q>Milchwein</q>, <q>Kumys</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
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<biblScope>1837</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>hūra-</w>, <w>haura-</w> id. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AION"/>
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<biblScope>1959 I 129</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary">Saka Dictionary</ref>
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<biblScope>492</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>hūr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>sūra-</w></mentioned>
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<gloss>name of the drink (soma juice)</gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>syrъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>syr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>súras</w>
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<gloss><q>salt</q></gloss>, <w>suris</w>
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<gloss><q>cheese</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="non"><lang/>
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<w>sūrr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ang" extralang="goh"><lang/>
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<w>sūr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>sauer</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
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<w>sour</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>sour</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sqj"><lang/>
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<w>hira</w>
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<gloss><q>sour milk</q></gloss></mentioned>. For this group of words, see:
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<bibl><author>Brondaj</author>. <title>Mots <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">scythes</q> en nordique primitif</title>. Acta Philol. Scand. <date>1928</date>
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<biblScope>I 6</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Liden</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KZ"/>
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<biblScope>LXI 7 sq.</biblScope>)</bibl> traces <lang>Ossetic</lang>
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<oRef>xurxæ</oRef> back to <w type="rec">sukra-</w> from the stem <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">suk-</w>
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<gloss><q>turn</q></gloss> etc.</mentioned> Phonetically, such a development is
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possible; cf., for example, <lang>Ossetic</lang>
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_syrx"><w>surx</w>
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<gloss><q>red</q></gloss></ref> from <mentioned xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
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<w>śukra-</w></mentioned>. But in this case, the Ossetic word would have to be torn off
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from the above Indo-Iranian and Germanic facts, which is hardly justified. <mentioned xml:lang="ka-x-mokhev"><lang/>
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<w>xurxa</w>
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<gloss><q>an acid whey that women wash their hair with</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Макалатия"/>
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<biblScope>110: wrongly <w>xursa</w></biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> comes
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from Ossetic.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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