130 lines
9.5 KiB
XML
130 lines
9.5 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xans</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_xans" xml:lang="os-x-digor" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d4934e66" type="lemma"><orth>xans</orth></form>
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4934e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>густые заросли травы, кустарника, бурьяна</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>dense thickets of grass, of shrubs, of weeds</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">также название весеннего месяца: </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">also the name of one of the spring months: </note>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">месяц травы</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">month of grass</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xætuj <oRef>xansi</oRef> me læg ædas xæstæg
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dongænttæmæ cʼæx ars</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">бродит в зарослях в безопасности вблизи речных
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берегов бурый медведь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a brown bear wanders in safety in thickets near
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river banks</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>62</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Группа <c>-ns</c> в дигорском восходит обычно к <c>-sm</c>: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæsm"><w>fans</w>
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<gloss><q>шерсть</q></gloss></ref> из <w>fasm</w> (и. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæsm"/>), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_casm"><w>cans</w>
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<gloss><q>петля</q></gloss></ref> из <ref type="xr" target="#entry_casm"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sasm"><w>sans</w>
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<gloss><q>клей</q></gloss></ref> из <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sasm"/>. По аналогии
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<oRef/> следует возводить к <w type="rec">xasm</w> из <w type="rec">kasma-</w> или <w type="rec">kasmi-</w>, от корня <w type="rec">kas-</w>
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<gloss><q>колоть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>царапать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>чесать</q></gloss>
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(<oRef/> — <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">колючая трава</q></gloss>); ср.
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<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>kasvīš-</w>
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<gloss><q>чесотка</q></gloss></mentioned>. Чтобы эти факты связать с индоевропейской
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базой <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">kes-</w>
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<gloss><q>чесать</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>585</biblScope></bibl>), надо допустить, что авестийский и осетинский
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сохранили на этот раз в виде исключения общеиндоевроиейское <c>s</c> без перехода в
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<c>h</c>. О подобных <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">перекрестных изоглоссах</q> см.:
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<bibl><title>Этимология 1966</title>, <pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1968</date>,
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<biblScope>стр. 247—263</biblScope></bibl>. — В этом случае ср. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>kaččū-</w>
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<gloss><q>чесотка</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>česati</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>чесать</w>, <w>коса</w>, <w>ческа</w>
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<gloss><q>пакля</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>χεσχέον</w> id</mentioned>. По образованию ср. в особенности <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>kosmъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>косма</w></mentioned>. Семантическая сторона (растительность на теле — растительность
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на земле) легко постижима. — Из дигорского идет <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar" extralang="krc-x-karachay"><lang/>
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<w>xans</w>
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<gloss><q>трава</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>227</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><title>Русско-карач.-балк. сл.</title>
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<pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1965</date>, <biblScope>стр.
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633</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The cluster <c>-ns</c> usually goes back to <c>-sm</c>: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæsm"><w>fans</w>
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<gloss><q>fur</q></gloss></ref> from <w>fasm</w> (Iron <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæsm"/>), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_casm"><w>cans</w>
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<gloss><q>loop</q></gloss></ref> from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_casm"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sasm"><w>sans</w>
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<gloss><q>glue</q></gloss></ref> from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sasm"/>.
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Analogously, <oRef/> should be traced back to <w type="rec">xasm</w> from <w type="rec">kasma-</w> or <w type="rec">kasmi-</w>, from the root <w type="rec">kas-</w>
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<gloss><q>to stab</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to scrabble</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to
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scratch</q></gloss> (<oRef/> thus would mean <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">prickly grass</q></gloss>); cf. <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>kasvīš-</w>
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<gloss><q>scab</q></gloss></mentioned>. In order to associate these facts with the
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Indo-European base <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">kes-</w>
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<gloss><q>to scratch</q></gloss></mentioned>, etc. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>585</biblScope></bibl>), one must assume that Avestan and Ossetic on this
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occasion preserved exceptionally the pan-Indo-European <c>s</c> without its change to
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<c>h</c>. About similar <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">crosswise izoglosses</q> see:
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<bibl><title>Ètimologija 1966</title> [<title>The etymology 1966</title>],
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<pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1968</date>, <biblScope>p.
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247—263</biblScope></bibl>. — In this case cf. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>kaččū-</w>
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<gloss><q>scab</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>česati</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>česat'</w>, <w>kosa</w>, <w>česka</w>
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<gloss><q>oakum</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>χεσχέον</w> id</mentioned>. As for derivation, cf. in particular <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>kosmъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>kosma</w></mentioned>. The semantic side (vegetation on the body — vegetation on the
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ground) is easy to understand. — From Digor is <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar" extralang="krc-x-karachay"><lang/>
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<w>xans</w>
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<gloss><q>grass</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>227</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><title>Russko-karač.-balk. sl.</title>
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[<title>Russian-Karachay-Balkarian dictionary</title>]. <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>,
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<date>1965</date>, <biblScope>p. 633</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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