297 lines
18 KiB
XML
297 lines
18 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zajyn_3</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_zajyn_3" n="3" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d5125e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>zajyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>zad</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>izajun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>izad</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5125e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>оставаться</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>stay
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<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230707T130143+0300" comment="так?"?>(ipfv.)<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>bazzajyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">остаться</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">stay
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<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230707T130152+0300" comment="так?"?>(pfv.)<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>bynyl zad, kʼæjyl zad</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_doublequotes">оставшийся один
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после смерти родных</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_doublequotes">left alone after
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the death of relatives</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dy dær ʒy cūx næ <oRef>zaix</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ты тоже не оставался бы лишенным этого
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(труда)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you too would not remain deprived of this
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(labour)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>27</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xærz ʒæǧæl kæj <oRef>zajyn</oRef>, ūj
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bazydton</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я понял, что я остаюсь совершенно без
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призора</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I realized that I am left completely
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untended</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>55</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fælæ ma kæm <oRef>bazzad</oRef> ugærdæn
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mænæn?</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">но где еще остался у меня покосный участок?</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">but where else did I have a mowing plot?</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>57</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>azzadī</oRef> fæsfædy асу
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bæstyxaj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">осталась в стороне эта сакля</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">this saklia was left aside</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>43</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bīræ bonty æxxormag <oRef>zadī</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">много дней он оставался голодный</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">for many days he remained hungry</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>13</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næ is, næ bon kæmæn
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<oRef>zajʒæn</oRef>?</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кому останется наше состояние, наше добро?</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">who will be left with our fortune, our
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goods?</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>42</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ūm maxæj īsḱī ūdygas <oRef>bazzaja</oRef>,
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zyn zæǧæn ū</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">трудно сказать, останется ли там кто-нибудь из
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нас в живых</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">it is hard to say if any of us will be left
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alive there</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
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<biblScope>247</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Nartæn sæ gælx˳yrtæ fæstijæ
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<oRef>bazzadysty</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">из Нартов никчемные остались позади</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">of the Narts, the worthless were left
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behind</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
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<biblScope>71</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">denǵyz x˳yskʼæj <oRef>bazzadīs</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">море осталось сухим (высохло)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the sea remained dry (dried up)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 18</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nal bazzajʒæn am dūr dūryl</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не останется здесь камня на камне</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there shall not be left here one stone upon
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another</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
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<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">24</hi> 2</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ʒæbodurti ʒogtæ i adægtæmæ fækkaldta,
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ba-ma-in-æj-<oRef>izadæj</oRef> Æfsatij warzon ors siwtæ saw ʒæbodur</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">стада туров он (охотник) сбросил в лощины,
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остался у него из них еще любимец Афсати (бога охоты) белорогий черный тур</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he (the hunter) threw the herds of aurochs into
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the hollows,
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<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230707T130756+0300" comment="?"?>out
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of them<?oxy_comment_end ?> he still had Æfsati (god of hunting)’s favourite
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white-horned black auroch Afsati</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
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<biblScope>68</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nur <oRef>bajzadan</oRef> ewnægæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">теперь мы остались одни</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">now we are left alone</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>110</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wi-zā-</w></mentioned>. Глагол <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zā-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ǵhē-</w></mentioned> означал активно <gloss><q>оставлять</q></gloss>,
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медиально <gloss><q>оставаться</q></gloss></mentioned>. В осетинском удержалось только
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медиальное значение. Ср. <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
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<w>ū-zā-</w>, <w>ū-zeh-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>u-zā(у)-</w>, <w>wu-zā(у)-</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>оставаться</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
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<w>wi-zīh-</w> : <w>wi-zād</w>
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<gloss><q>оставлять</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>покидать</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ghilain"/>
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<biblScope>89</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>zātan</w>
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<gloss><q>наследовать</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Периханян</author>. <title>Сасанидский
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судебник</title>. <pubPlace>Ереван</pubPlace>, <date>1973</date>, <biblScope>стр.
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553 сл.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><lang/>
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<w>wi-zād</w>
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<gloss><q>оставленный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>покинутый</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(= ос. <oRef>izad</oRef>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>zā(y)-</w>
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<gloss><q>отпускать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>vi-zā(y)-</w>
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<gloss><q>отходить, отделяться от чего-либо</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>hā-</w>
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<gloss><q>покидать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>оставлять</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>jahāti</w></mentioned>)</note>,
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<gloss><q>оставаться</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>hīyatē</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>. Об этом лексическом гнезде см.:
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<bibl><author>Humbach</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSS"/>
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<biblScope>1957 X 39</biblScope></bibl>. — Начальный <c>i</c> был в прошлом и в
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иронском; это видно из превербных форм <oRef>azzajyn</oRef> (<w>a-izajyn</w>),
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<oRef>bazzajyn</oRef>, <oRef>bajzæddæg</oRef>, <oRef>æryzajyn</oRef> (ср.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>371 сл.</biblScope></bibl>).<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>II 176</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
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<biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
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<biblScope>38</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
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<biblScope>I 10, 238, I 264</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wi-zā-</w></mentioned>. The verb <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zā-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ǵhē-</w></mentioned> meant <gloss><q>leave</q></gloss> in active voice,
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<gloss><q>stay</q></gloss> in middle voice</mentioned>. In Ossetic, only the middle
|
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voice meaning was retained. Cf. <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
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<w>ū-zā-</w>, <w>ū-zeh-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
|
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<w>u-zā(у)-</w>, <w>wu-zā(у)-</w></mentioned>
|
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<gloss><q>stay</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
|
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<w>wi-zīh-</w> : <w>wi-zād</w>
|
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<gloss><q>leave</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>abandon</q></gloss>
|
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|
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ghilain"/>
|
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|
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<biblScope>89</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
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<w>zātan</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>inherit</q></gloss>
|
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|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Perixanjan</author>. <title>Sasanidskij sudebnik
|
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|
|
[<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230707T131001+0300" comment="?"?>Sassanian
|
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|
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code of laws<?oxy_comment_end ?>]</title>. <pubPlace>Yerevan</pubPlace>,
|
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|
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<date>1973</date>, <biblScope>p. 553 ff.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>,
|
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<mentioned xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><lang/>
|
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|
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<w>wi-zād</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>left</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>abandoned</q></gloss>
|
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|
|
<note type="comment">(= Ossetic <oRef>izad</oRef>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>zā(y)-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>let off</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>vi-zā(y)-</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>move away from something</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
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|
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<w>hā-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>abandon</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>leave</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>jahāti</w></mentioned>)</note>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>stay</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>hīyatē</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>. About this lexical nest see:
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><author>Humbach</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1957 X 39</biblScope></bibl>. — The initial <c>i</c> was in the past in Iron
|
|||
|
|
as well; this can be seen from the preverb forms <oRef>azzajyn</oRef> (<w>a-izajyn</w>),
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>bazzajyn</oRef>, <oRef>bajzæddæg</oRef>, <oRef>æryzajyn</oRef> (cf.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>371 ff.</biblScope></bibl>).<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 176</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>38</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>I 10, 238, I 264</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
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|
|
</body>
|
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|
|
</text>
|
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|
|
</TEI>
|