277 lines
28 KiB
XML
277 lines
28 KiB
XML
|
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
|
|||
|
<teiHeader>
|
|||
|
<fileDesc>
|
|||
|
<titleStmt>
|
|||
|
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <w>ælūton</w></title>
|
|||
|
</titleStmt>
|
|||
|
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
|
|||
|
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
|
|||
|
<sourceDesc>
|
|||
|
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
|
|||
|
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
|
|||
|
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
|
|||
|
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
|
|||
|
</sourceDesc>
|
|||
|
</fileDesc>
|
|||
|
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
|
|||
|
<tagsDecl>
|
|||
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
|
|||
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
|
|||
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "<gloss><q>" "</q></gloss>";</rendition>
|
|||
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
|
|||
|
</tagsDecl>
|
|||
|
</encodingDesc>
|
|||
|
</teiHeader>
|
|||
|
<text>
|
|||
|
<body>
|
|||
|
<entry xml:id="entry_ælūton" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
|
|||
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240207T135154+0300" comment="checked"?>
|
|||
|
<form xml:id="form_d428e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ælūton</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ilæton</orth><form type="variant"><orth>æluton</orth></form></form>
|
|||
|
<sense xml:id="sense_ælūton.1">
|
|||
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сл."/></bibl> дает значение: </note>
|
|||
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="en"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сл."/></bibl> gives the meaning: </note>
|
|||
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">сказочная пища, утоляющая голод
|
|||
|
навсегда</q>
|
|||
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">magical food satisfying hunger forever</q>
|
|||
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
</sense>
|
|||
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">; в наших материалах имеются, однако, более
|
|||
|
конкретные объяснения слова <oRef>æluton</oRef>, записанные со слов сказителей: </note>
|
|||
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">; in our data, however, there are more specific
|
|||
|
explanations of the word <oRef>æluton</oRef> recorded from the storytellers: </note>
|
|||
|
<sense>
|
|||
|
<note type="comment">1) </note>
|
|||
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
<q>пиво особой варки</q>
|
|||
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
<q>specially brewed beer</q>
|
|||
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
</sense>
|
|||
|
<sense xml:id="sense_ælūton.2">
|
|||
|
<note type="comment">2) </note>
|
|||
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
<q>густое пиво</q>
|
|||
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
<q>thick beer</q>
|
|||
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
</sense>
|
|||
|
<sense xml:id="sense_ælūton.3">
|
|||
|
<note type="comment">3) </note>
|
|||
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
<q>пиво, в котором выварены курдюки или мясо</q>
|
|||
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
<q>beer in which tail fat or meat has been boiled</q>
|
|||
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
</sense>
|
|||
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240207T113122+0300" comment="Punctuation is not perfect, but it is better than duplicating examples in two language notes"?>
|
|||
|
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d428e99"><?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">Значение <gloss><q>пиво</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
подтверждается и некоторыми опубликованными текстами из нартовского эпоса: </note>
|
|||
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">The meaning <gloss><q>beer</q></gloss> is
|
|||
|
also confirmed by some published texts from the Nart epics: </note>
|
|||
|
<abv:example xml:id="example_d428e101" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
<usg><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
<quote>bægænij sinon <oRef>æluton</oRef> funxæj æræværuncæ</quote>
|
|||
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
<q>сосуд с пивом, сваренным (на манер) <oRef>ælutоn</oRef>, они
|
|||
|
ставят</q>
|
|||
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
<q>they put out a vessel with beer brewed (in the manner of)
|
|||
|
<oRef>æluton</oRef></q>
|
|||
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
|
|||
|
<biblScope>62</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
</abv:example>
|
|||
|
<abv:example xml:id="example_d428e130" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
<usg><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
<quote><oRef>ilætoni</oRef> kʼoppa</quote>
|
|||
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
<q>чаша, (наполненная) <oRef>ilæton</oRef>’ом</q>
|
|||
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
<q>cup filled with <oRef>ilæton</oRef></q>
|
|||
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
<bibl><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">Песнь о Сари-Асланбеге.</note>
|
|||
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">Song of
|
|||
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240207T113336+0300" comment="check vowels in original"?>Sari-Aslanbeg<?oxy_comment_end ?>.</note>
|
|||
|
<ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
|
|||
|
<biblScope>II 127</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
</abv:example>
|
|||
|
</abv:exampleGrp>
|
|||
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">. Приведенные материалы дают основание думать,
|
|||
|
что <oRef>аеlūtоn</oRef> есть старое название пива или, может быть, название
|
|||
|
пива, сваренного по какому-то старому, утраченному ныне способу. Современное
|
|||
|
название пива, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bægæny"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">bægæny</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">bægæni</w></ref>, обозначало,
|
|||
|
по-видимому, более низкосортный напиток, который вытеснил более
|
|||
|
высококачественный и изысканный. Однако, по утверждению некоторых престарелых
|
|||
|
осетин, <oRef>ælūton</oRef> еще варился на их памяти наряду с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bægæny"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">bægæny</w></ref>, причем
|
|||
|
главная особенность <oRef>ælūton</oRef>’a заключалась, по их словам, в том, что
|
|||
|
в нем вываривались овечьи курдюки или даже целые бараньи туши. Таким образом,
|
|||
|
<oRef>ælūton</oRef> существовал рядом с обычным пивом, как у англичан
|
|||
|
<mentioned xml:lang="en"><w>ale</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>эль</q></gloss></mentioned> существует рядом с обыкновенным пивом
|
|||
|
(<mentioned xml:lang="en"><w>beer</w></mentioned>).</note>
|
|||
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">. The above materials give reason to assume that
|
|||
|
<oRef>ælūton</oRef> is the old name of beer or, perhaps, the name of beer
|
|||
|
brewed in some ancient way that is now forgotten. The modern name for beer, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bægæny"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">bægæny</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">bægæni</w></ref>, apparently meant a lower-grade
|
|||
|
drink, which supplanted a higher-quality and more refined one. However some
|
|||
|
elderly Ossetians can still recall <oRef>ælūton</oRef> being brewed during their
|
|||
|
days along with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bægæny"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">bægæny</w></ref>, and the main feature of <oRef>ælūton</oRef> was that,
|
|||
|
according to them, sheep’s tail fat or even whole lamb carcasses were boiled in
|
|||
|
it. Thus, <oRef>ælūton</oRef> existed alongside regular beer, as the English
|
|||
|
<mentioned xml:lang="en"><w>ale</w></mentioned> coexists with ordinary
|
|||
|
<mentioned xml:lang="en"><w>beer</w></mentioned></note>
|
|||
|
<etym xml:lang="ru">Предположение, что <oRef>ælūtоn</oRef> есть
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>пиво</q></gloss>, получает полное лингвистическое подтверждение.
|
|||
|
Отбрасывая суффиксальное <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-on</m></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
получаем <w>ælut</w>, т. е. хорошо известную основу северноевропейских названий
|
|||
|
пива и притом в ее <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">идеальном</q>,
|
|||
|
восстанавливаемом виде; ср. <mentioned xml:lang="ang"><w>ealu</w>,
|
|||
|
<w>ealuđ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e301" xml:id="mentioned_d428e178" xml:lang="en"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>ale</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e306" xml:id="mentioned_d428e183" xml:lang="non"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>ӧl</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e311" xml:id="mentioned_d428e188" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>olŭ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e320" xml:id="mentioned_d428e193" xml:lang="prg"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>alu</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e326" xml:id="mentioned_d428e199" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>alūs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e331" xml:id="mentioned_d428e204" xml:lang="fi"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>olut</w></mentioned>. Исходной формой для всех этих вариантов было <w type="rec">alut, alud</w>, хорошо сохранившееся в осетинском. Первоначальное
|
|||
|
значение этой основы было, может быть, <gloss><q>горький</q></gloss> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/>
|
|||
|
<biblScope>I 142</biblScope></bibl>); ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e340" xml:id="mentioned_d428e213" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>alumen</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>квасцы</q></gloss></mentioned> (ср. по семантике <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>квас</w></mentioned> — <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>квасцы</w></mentioned>). <lang xml:lang="os">Ос.</lang>
|
|||
|
<oRef>ælūton</oRef> трудно относить за счет иранского наследия, как по
|
|||
|
отсутствию арийских соответствий, так и по звуковому облику (необычно <c>l</c>
|
|||
|
перед <c>u</c>). Всего вероятнее, оно заимствовано из германского. Хотя готское
|
|||
|
<mentioned xml:lang="got"><w type="rec">alut</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>пиво</q></gloss></mentioned> не засвидетельствовано, ничто не
|
|||
|
препятствует предполагать его существование. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e348" xml:id="mentioned_d428e221" xml:lang="xsc"><lang>Скифское</lang>
|
|||
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">собственное имя из Ольвии</note>
|
|||
|
<w>Ἀλούταγος</w>
|
|||
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Латышев"/>
|
|||
|
<biblScope>I 53</biblScope></bibl>)</note> значило, вероятно, не что
|
|||
|
иное как <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">пивовар</q></gloss></mentioned>, как <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>Σάναγος</w> могло значить <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">винодел</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
<note type="comment">(<ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæn" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>sæn</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>вино</q></gloss></ref>)</note></mentioned>; ср. по способу
|
|||
|
образования <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æxsyræg"><w>æxsyræg</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>растение, дающее молоко</q></gloss></ref>, от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æxsyr"><w>æxsyr</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>молоко</q></gloss></ref>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e366" xml:id="mentioned_d428e239" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>ludi</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>пиво</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ka-x-rachian"><note type="comment">в рачинском говоре</note>
|
|||
|
<w>aludi</w></mentioned>) — заимствовано из осетинского (из простой формы <w type="rec">ælut</w>, еще не осложненной суффиксом <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-on</m></mentioned>, ср. выше <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e374" xml:id="mentioned_d428e247" xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>Ἀλούταγος</w></mentioned>); начальное <c>æ</c> уже на осетинской почве
|
|||
|
подвержено сильной редукции, в некоторых говорах сводящей его на нет; озвончение
|
|||
|
<c>t</c> → <c>d</c> могло произойти на грузинской почве (ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e379" xml:id="mentioned_d428e252" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>abazi</w>
|
|||
|
<note type="comment">из <w type="rec">abasi</w></note></mentioned> и др.).
|
|||
|
Пивоварение не получило широкого распространения среди кавказских народов. Из
|
|||
|
грузинских племен оно развито только у тех, кто соседит с осетинами: пшавов,
|
|||
|
хевсуров, мтиульцев, мохевцев. Роль пива в быту осетин, обязательность его
|
|||
|
изготовления при всяких общественных торжествах и праздниках, а также на
|
|||
|
свадьбах, поминках и пр., наконец способы и навыки его изготовления, древность
|
|||
|
связанного с пивоварением инвентаря (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæǵǵīnag"><w>cæǵǵīnag</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>пивной котел</q></gloss></ref>) — все это говорит о давней и
|
|||
|
устойчивой национальной традиции в этой области. В осетинском (нартовском) эпосе
|
|||
|
пиво занимает такое же место, как в Калевале. И там и тут этому напитку
|
|||
|
посвящены особые песни, причем появление его относится к мифическим временам. В
|
|||
|
нартовском эпосе честь изобретения пива приписывается знаменитой героине Шатане.
|
|||
|
Вее это позволяет видеть в <oRef>ælūton</oRef> старый аланский напиток. Спиртные
|
|||
|
напитки получают нередко название по имени изготовляющих их народов: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">русская</q>, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">английская</q> и т. п. С этой точки зрения
|
|||
|
представляет интерес <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e391" xml:id="mentioned_d428e264" xml:lang="ru-x-tvr" extralang="ru-x-kstr ru-x-vldmr"><lang>русское</lang> слово <note type="comment">из <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">офенского</q>
|
|||
|
языка</note>
|
|||
|
<note type="bibl">(твер., влд., кстр., — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/>
|
|||
|
<biblScope>I 25</biblScope></bibl>)</note><w>аланя</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>пиво</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e399" xml:id="mentioned_d428e272" xml:lang="ru-x-tvr" extralang="ru-x-kstr ru-x-vldmr"><w>аланный</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>пивной</q></gloss></mentioned>. Нельзя ли видеть здесь название
|
|||
|
народа алан, по имени которых соседи обозначали напиток, который для них
|
|||
|
ассоциировался с этим народом? Другим излюбленным напитком алан был,
|
|||
|
по-видимому, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rong"/>. Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bægæny"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_x0ymællæg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rong"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæn"/>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
|||
|
<biblScope>338—347</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
<etym xml:lang="en">The assumption that <oRef>ælūton</oRef> is a kind of beer can be
|
|||
|
confirmed linguistically. Discarding the suffix <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-on</m></mentioned> gives us <w>ælut</w>, i.e. the well-known stem
|
|||
|
of the North European names of beer, and that, moreover, in its <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">ideal</q></gloss>, reconstructed form;
|
|||
|
cf. <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d428e296" xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>eatu</w>, <w>ealud</w>
|
|||
|
</mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e178" xml:id="mentioned_d428e301" xml:lang="en"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>ale</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e183" xml:id="mentioned_d428e306" xml:lang="non"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>ӧl</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e188" xml:id="mentioned_d428e311" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>ol<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220716T183629+0300" comment="normally Abaev uses ъ, unify?"?>ŭ<?oxy_comment_end ?></w></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e193" xml:id="mentioned_d428e320" xml:lang="prg"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>alu</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e199" xml:id="mentioned_d428e326" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>alūs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e204" xml:id="mentioned_d428e331" xml:lang="fi"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>olut</w></mentioned>. The initial form of all these variants was <w type="rec">alut, alud</w>, which is well-preserved in Ossetic. The original
|
|||
|
meaning of this stem was probably <gloss><q>bitter</q></gloss> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/>
|
|||
|
<biblScope>I 142</biblScope></bibl>); cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e213" xml:id="mentioned_d428e340" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>alumen</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>alum</q></gloss></mentioned> (cf. a semantic parallel in Russian
|
|||
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>kvas</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss>a fermented drink</gloss></mentioned> — <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>kvascy</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>alumen</q></gloss></mentioned>). The Ossetic word
|
|||
|
<oRef>ælūton</oRef> can hardly be explained as an Iranian inheritance, both
|
|||
|
due to the lack of Indo-Iranian correspondences and the phonetic form (<c>l</c>
|
|||
|
before <c>u</c> is unusual). Most probably it is a loanword from Germanic.
|
|||
|
Although Gothic <mentioned xml:lang="got"><w type="rec">alut</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>beer</q></gloss></mentioned> is not attested, nothing prevents us
|
|||
|
from assuming its existence. The <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e221" xml:id="mentioned_d428e348" xml:lang="xsc"><lang>Scythian</lang>
|
|||
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">proper name from Olvia</note>
|
|||
|
<w>Ἀλούταγος</w>
|
|||
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Латышев"/>
|
|||
|
<biblScope>I 53</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> probably
|
|||
|
meant nothing else but <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">brewer</q></gloss>, like <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>Σάναγος</w> could
|
|||
|
mean <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">winemaker</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
<note type="comment">(Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæn"><w>sæn</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>wine</q></gloss></ref>)</note></mentioned>; cf. by
|
|||
|
derivation <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æxsyræg"><w>æxsyræg</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>milk producing plant</q></gloss></ref>, from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æxsyr"><w>æxsyr</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>milk</q></gloss></ref>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e239" xml:id="mentioned_d428e366" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>ludi</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>beer</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ka-x-rachian"><w>aludi</w>
|
|||
|
<note type="comment">in the Rachian
|
|||
|
dialect</note></mentioned>)</note></mentioned> was borrowed from Ossetic
|
|||
|
(from the simple stem <w type="rec">ælut</w> without the suffix <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-on</m></mentioned>, see above <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e247" xml:id="mentioned_d428e374" xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>Ἀλούταγος</w></mentioned>); the initial <c>æ</c> even in Ossetic is
|
|||
|
subject to strong reduction, in some dialects to complete loss; the voicing
|
|||
|
<c>t</c> → <c>d</c> could have occurred in Georgian (cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e252" xml:id="mentioned_d428e379" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>abazi</w></mentioned> from <w type="rec">abasi</w> etc.). Brewing is not
|
|||
|
widespread among the Caucasian peoples. Among the Georgian tribes, it has
|
|||
|
developed only in those which are neighbours to the Ossetians: Pshavs, Khevsurs,
|
|||
|
Mtiulians, Mokhevians. The role of beer in the life of the Ossetians, the
|
|||
|
obligatory nature of its production at all public celebrations and holidays, as
|
|||
|
well as at weddings, commemorations, etc., finally, the methods and skills of
|
|||
|
its manufacture, the
|
|||
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240207T134603+0300" comment="early/old origin?"?>antiquity<?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
of the brewing inventory (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæǵǵīnag"><w>cæǵǵīnag</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>beer cauldron</q></gloss></ref>) — all this confirms the long and
|
|||
|
stable national tradition in this area. In the Ossetian (Nart) epics, beer
|
|||
|
occupies the same place as in the Kalevala. In both epic traditions special
|
|||
|
songs are dedicated to this drink, and its appearance dates back to mythical
|
|||
|
times. In the Nart epics, the honour of inventing beer is attributed to the
|
|||
|
famous hero woman Satana. All this allows one to see in <oRef>ælūton</oRef> an
|
|||
|
old Alanian drink. Alcohol drinks are often named after the peoples who make
|
|||
|
them: <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Russian</q> (vodka)</gloss>,
|
|||
|
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">English</q> (ale)</gloss>, etc.
|
|||
|
From this point of view, the <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e264" xml:id="mentioned_d428e391" xml:lang="ru-x-tvr" extralang="ru-x-kstr ru-x-vldmr"><lang>Russian</lang> words <note type="comment">from the language of roving traders</note>
|
|||
|
<note type="bibl">(Tver, Vladimir, Kostroma - <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/>
|
|||
|
<biblScope>I 25</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
|
|||
|
<w>alanja</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>beer</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d428e272" xml:id="mentioned_d428e399" xml:lang="ru"><w>alannyj</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>one associated with beer</q></gloss></mentioned>. Is it possible
|
|||
|
to see here the name of the Alan people, used by their neighbours to identify
|
|||
|
the drink that
|
|||
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240207T135130+0300" comment="a bit convoluted syntax"?>they
|
|||
|
associated with this people<?oxy_comment_end ?>? Another favourite drink of the
|
|||
|
Alans was apparently <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rong"/>. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bægæny"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_x0ymællæg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rong"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæn"/>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
|||
|
<biblScope>338—347</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
</body>
|
|||
|
</text>
|
|||
|
</TEI>
|