228 lines
18 KiB
XML
228 lines
18 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æppæt</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_æppæt" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d5205e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>æppæt</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d5205e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ænkæt</orth><form xml:id="form_d5205e71" type="variant"><orth>ænkkæt</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5205e74"><sense xml:id="sense_d5205e75"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>все</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>everybody</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5205e84"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>всё</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>everything</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d5205e94">
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<form xml:id="form_d5205e96" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>neppætdær</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d5205e99" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>nenkætdær</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5205e102"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мы все</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>all of us</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d5205e113">
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<form xml:id="form_d5205e115" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>weppætdær</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d5205e118" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>wenkætdær</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5205e121"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вы все</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>all of you</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d5205e133">
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<form xml:id="form_d5205e135" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>seppætdær</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d5205e138" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>senkætdær</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5205e141"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>они все</q>
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</abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (ср. под <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ænxwæcæj"/>: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nenxwæcæjdær</hi> 'мы все' и пр., а также
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под <ref type="xr" target="#entry_8xædæg"/>: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">næxædæg</hi> 'мы сами' и
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пр.)</note>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>all of them</q>
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</abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (compare <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ænxwæcæj"/>: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nenxwæcæjdær</hi> 'all of us' etc., and
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also<ref type="xr" target="#entry_xædæg"/>: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">næxædæg</hi> 'ourselves'
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etc.)</note></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d5205e176">
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<re xml:id="re_d5205e178">
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<form xml:id="form_d5205e180" type="lemma"><orth>atæ ʽppæt</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5205e183"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>все эти</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>all of these</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d5205e194">
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<form xml:id="form_d5205e196" type="lemma"><orth>ūtæ ʽppæt</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5205e199"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>все те</q>
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</abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (см.<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūtæ"/>)</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">
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(see<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūtæ"/>)</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">; в дигорском <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ænkæt</hi> [см.<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ænkkæt"/>] вытесняется более
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употребительным <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ænxwæcæj"/> с тем же
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значением.</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">; in Digor
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ænkæt</hi> [see<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ænkkæt"/>] is replaced
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by a more frequent word<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ænxwæcæj"/>
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with the same meaning.</note><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>all of those</q>
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</abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (см.<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūtæ"/>)</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">
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(see<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūtæ"/>)</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">; в дигорском <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ænkæt</hi> [см.<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ænkkæt"/>] вытесняется более
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употребительным <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ænxwæcæj"/> с тем же
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значением.</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">; in Digor
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ænkæt</hi> [see<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ænkkæt"/>] is replaced
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by a more frequent word<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ænxwæcæj"/>
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with the same meaning.</note></sense>
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</re>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d5205e251" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<lang/>
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<form xml:id="form_d5205e255" type="lemma"><orth>ænkkætemi</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5205e258"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>повсюду</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>everywhere</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5205e269">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5205e271">
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<quote>æppætæj tyxǵyndær — x˳yssæg</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сильнее всего — сон</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the sleeping is the strongest of all</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>III
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234</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5205e290">
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<quote>æppætæj dær fag</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>всего вдоволь</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>there is plenty of everything</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>53</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5205e309">
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<quote>aræzt æppætæj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>снабжен всем (необходимым)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>supplied by everything (that is needed)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>69</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5205e328">
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<quote>ne ʽppæt dær būznyg dæ lævaræj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мы все благодарны за твой подарок</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>we all are grateful for your gift</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>139</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5205e347">
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<quote>kæm dyn wydysty ūtʼ æppæt æxca?</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>откуда у тебя все эти деньги?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>where did all this money came from?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/><biblScope>154</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5205e367">
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<quote>ḱyzǵytæn se ʽppætæj ræsuǧddær wydis Asiat</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>из девушек всех прекрасней была Асиат</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Asiat was the most beautiful of all the girls</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5205e382">
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<quote>se ʽnkkætemæj xwæzdær ba sæmæ bæx adtæj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>из всех (животных) лучшим был у них конь</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>their horse was the best of all animals</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>314</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Иронская форма <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æppæt</hi> представляет перебой из *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">æmkæt</hi> ср.
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аналогичный перебой в таких словах, как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_typpyr"/>|
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">tuppur</hi> ‘бугор’ рядом с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5205e476" xml:id="mentioned_d5205e406" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>tunk’ur</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5205e481" xml:id="mentioned_d5205e411" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>cæmpul</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5205e486" xml:id="mentioned_d5205e416" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>cæppul</w>
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<gloss><q>безрукий</q></gloss></mentioned> рядом с <hi rendition="#rend_italic">cænkul</hi> и др.
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Восстанавливаемое *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">æmkæt</hi>(<hi rendition="#rend_italic">æm</hi> + <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kæt</hi>) представляет, по-видимому,
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отражение <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5205e492" xml:id="mentioned_d5205e422" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>*hama-kaθa</w>
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<gloss><q>всем домом</q></gloss></mentioned>; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5205e501" xml:id="mentioned_d5205e431" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>kata-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5205e506" xml:id="mentioned_d5205e436" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>kat</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5205e511" xml:id="mentioned_d5205e441" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>kad</w>
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<gloss><q>дом</q></gloss></mentioned>. Следы <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5205e519" xml:id="mentioned_d5205e449" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>kata-</w></mentioned> усматриваем также в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kæt"/> ‘конюшня’ (?),<ref type="xr" target="#entry_skʼæt"/>
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‘хлев’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kævdæs"/> ‘ясли’ q. v. Семантика
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отвлеченного понятия ‘весь’, ‘всё’ ведет к конкретным понятиям ‘дом’, ‘село’,
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‘общество’ и т. п. Может быть, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5205e531" xml:id="mentioned_d5205e461" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>vīśva-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5205e536" xml:id="mentioned_d5205e466" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>vispa-</w></mentioned> vispa- образовались от <hi rendition="#rend_italic">viś</hi>-, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vis</hi>- ‘село’,
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‘клан’, ‘дом’, как в славянском не случайно совпадение <hi rendition="#rend_italic">весь</hi> 'omnis’ и
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">весь</hi> ‘село’.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Iron form <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æppæt</hi> represents the alternation from *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">æmkæt</hi>,
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compare analogous alternation in such words as<ref type="xr" target="#entry_typpyr"/>| <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tuppur</hi> ‘hillock’ close to<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5205e406" xml:id="mentioned_d5205e476" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>tunk’ur</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5205e411" xml:id="mentioned_d5205e481" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>cæmpul</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5205e416" xml:id="mentioned_d5205e486" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>cæppul</w>
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<gloss><q>handless</q></gloss></mentioned>close to <hi rendition="#rend_italic">cænkul</hi> etc.
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Reconstructed *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">æmkæt</hi>(<hi rendition="#rend_italic">æm</hi> + <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kæt)</hi> represents, apparantely, the
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reflection of<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5205e422" xml:id="mentioned_d5205e492" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>*hama-kaθa</w>
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<gloss><q>(by) everybody in the house</q></gloss></mentioned>; see<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5205e431" xml:id="mentioned_d5205e501" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>kata-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5205e436" xml:id="mentioned_d5205e506" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>kat</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5205e441" xml:id="mentioned_d5205e511" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>kad</w>
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<gloss><q>house</q></gloss></mentioned>. Traces of <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5205e449" xml:id="mentioned_d5205e519" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>kata-</w></mentioned> can be also found in<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kæt"/> ‘stable’ (?), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_skʼæt"/>
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‘cattle shed’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kævdæs"/> ‘crib’ q. v. The
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semantics of abstract notion ‘whole’, ‘everything’ leads to specific notions
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‘house’, ‘village’, ‘community’ and so on. Probably, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5205e461" xml:id="mentioned_d5205e531" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>vīśva-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5205e466" xml:id="mentioned_d5205e536" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>vispa-</w></mentioned>derived from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">viś</hi>-, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vis</hi>- ‘village’, ‘clan’,
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‘house’, as the combination <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ves’</hi> ‘omnis’ and <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ves’</hi> ‘village’ in Slavic is
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not accidential.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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