472 lines
42 KiB
XML
472 lines
42 KiB
XML
|
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
|
|||
|
|
<teiHeader>
|
|||
|
|
<fileDesc>
|
|||
|
|
<titleStmt>
|
|||
|
|
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ᵆrvad</hi></title>
|
|||
|
|
</titleStmt>
|
|||
|
|
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
|
|||
|
|
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
|
|||
|
|
<sourceDesc>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
|
|||
|
|
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</sourceDesc>
|
|||
|
|
</fileDesc>
|
|||
|
|
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
|
|||
|
|
<tagsDecl>
|
|||
|
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
|
|||
|
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
|
|||
|
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
|
|||
|
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
|
|||
|
|
</tagsDecl>
|
|||
|
|
</encodingDesc>
|
|||
|
|
</teiHeader>
|
|||
|
|
<text>
|
|||
|
|
<body>
|
|||
|
|
<entry xml:id="entry_7rvad" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
|
|||
|
|
<form xml:id="form_d4183e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ᵆrvad</orth></form>
|
|||
|
|
<form xml:id="form_d4183e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ærvadæ</orth></form>
|
|||
|
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d4183e72" n="1"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>брат</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>brother</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; в иронском в этом значении весьма
|
|||
|
|
редко</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; in Iron it is rarely used in this
|
|||
|
|
meaning</note></sense>
|
|||
|
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d4183e86" n="2"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>родич</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>relative</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr></sense>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; мн. ч. <w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ᵆrvadæltæ</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ærvad(d)æltæ</w>; все члены родового объединения, имеющие общего
|
|||
|
|
предка (реального или предполагаемого) и считающие себя <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">разделившимися от одного очага</q> (<phr>īw artæj bajwargæ</phr>), считаются друг другу
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>ᵆrvad</oRef>
|
|||
|
|
<q>братьями</q>; все члены рода матери называются <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mad"><w>mady</w></ref>-<oRef>rvad</oRef>
|
|||
|
|
<q>брат матери</q>; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævsymær"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ævsymær</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ænsuvær</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>брат (единоутробный)</q></gloss></ref></note>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; plural <w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ᵆrvadæltæ</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ærvad(d)æltæ</w>; all members of a
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220531T133503+0300" comment="?"?>clan
|
|||
|
|
union<?oxy_comment_end ?> who have a common ancestor (real or assumed) and
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220531T133555+0300" comment="повторение consider"?>consider<?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
themselves <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">separated from one hearth</q> (<phr>īw artæj
|
|||
|
|
bajwargæ</phr>), are considered <oRef>ᵆrvad</oRef>
|
|||
|
|
<q>brothers</q>; all members of the mother’s family are called <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mad"><w>mady</w></ref>-<oRef>rvad</oRef>
|
|||
|
|
<q>the mother’s brother</q>; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævsymær"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ævsymær</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ænsuvær</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>brother (half-brother
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220531T133704+0300" comment="ok?"?>by<?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
mother)</q></gloss></ref></note>
|
|||
|
|
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d4183e177" n="1">
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:id="example_d4183e179" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">duwwæ xestær ærvadi oj ku bazudtoncæ…</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда два старших брата узнали об этом…</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when the two older brothers found out about
|
|||
|
|
it…</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>13</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:id="example_d4183e205" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æz me <oRef>ʽrvaddæltæj</oRef> xwæzdær adtæn,
|
|||
|
|
æma mæmæ soʒæg kodtoncæ</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я был лучше моих братьев, и они мне
|
|||
|
|
завидовали</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I was better than my brothers, and they envied
|
|||
|
|
me</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>25</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:id="example_d4183e233" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æz dæn Tætærati avd <oRef>ærvadej</oRef>
|
|||
|
|
kæstær</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я младший из семи братьев Татараевых</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I am the youngest of seven Tataraev
|
|||
|
|
brothers</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 24</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:id="example_d4183e261" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">me <oRef>ʽrvadistæn</oRef>, næ ʒæǧun
|
|||
|
|
mængæ</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">клянусь братом, я не говорю неправду</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I swear by my brother, I’m not telling a
|
|||
|
|
lie</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>89</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:id="example_d4183e289" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ægas ku adtajdæ me
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>ʽrvadæ</oRef>…</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">если бы был жив мой брат…</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">if my brother were alive…</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>92</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:id="example_d4183e318" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wæ, Naluq, wæ, me <oRef>ʽrvadæ</oRef>, ku
|
|||
|
|
niwwaǧtaj mæ ilivdæj</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">о Налук, о мой брат, ты оставил меня
|
|||
|
|
несчастной</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Oh Naluk, oh my brother, you have left me
|
|||
|
|
sad</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>102</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:id="example_d4183e346" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ra-næxstær æncæ… duwwadæs xwascawi
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>ærvaddæltæ</oRef></quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">отправились двенадцать братьев косарей</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the twelve
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220531T133858+0300" comment="?"?>mowing<?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
brothers set off</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>I 98</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:id="example_d4183e377" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">adtæj avd <oRef>ærvadi</oRef>, avd
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>ærvademæn</oRef> ba madæ</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">было семь братьев, а у семи братьев — мать</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there were seven brothers, and seven brothers
|
|||
|
|
had a mother</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>15<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">7</hi></biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:id="example_d4183e410">
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sīxor kænæ ʽxsævær ku kænaj, wæd ma ʽrbaxon
|
|||
|
|
ma dær dæ lymænty, ma dær de <oRef>ʽrvadælty</oRef>, ma dær dæ xæstæǵyty, ma dær
|
|||
|
|
qæzdyg syxægty</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда делаешь обед или ужин, не зови друзей
|
|||
|
|
твоих, ни братьев твоих, ни родственников твоих, ни соседей богатых</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">When thou makest a dinner or a supper, call not
|
|||
|
|
thy friends, nor thy brethren, neither thy kinsmen, nor thy rich neighbours</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Лука"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">14</hi> 12</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
</exampleGrp>
|
|||
|
|
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d4183e439" n="2">
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:id="example_d4183e441">
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tamar… je <oRef>ʽrvadæltæj</oRef> ærtæ
|
|||
|
|
lægīmæ… Daǧystanmæ fæcyd</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Тамара с тремя мужчинами из своих родичей
|
|||
|
|
отправилась в Дагестан</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tamara went to Daghestan with her three male
|
|||
|
|
relatives</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>40</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:id="example_d4183e466">
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Sadullæ sīʒær bazzad…, je
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>ʽrvadæltæ</oRef> jæ radgaj xastoj</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Садулла остался сиротой, его родичи кормили его
|
|||
|
|
по очереди</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Sadulla was left an orphan, his relatives fed
|
|||
|
|
him in turn</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>77</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:id="example_d4183e491">
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ærx˳ydta je <oRef>ʽrvadælty</oRef>, xorz sæ
|
|||
|
|
fedta</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пригласил своих родичей, хорошо их угостил</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he invited his relatives and treated them
|
|||
|
|
well</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>83</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:id="example_d4183e516">
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Maniʒæ īw bon jæ mady <oRef>ʽrvadæltæm</oRef>
|
|||
|
|
acyd</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Манидза однажды отправилась к родичам своей
|
|||
|
|
матери</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Manidza once went to her mother’s relatives</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>85</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:id="example_d4183e541">
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ḱī dyn rajsʒæn dæ tūg? <oRef>ærvad</oRef> dyn
|
|||
|
|
k˳y næ īs</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кто отомстит за твою кровь? ведь у тебя нет
|
|||
|
|
родичей</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">who will avenge your blood? after all, you have
|
|||
|
|
no relatives</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
</exampleGrp>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="ru">Общеиндоевропейский термин родства. Осетинская форма <oRef>rvad-</oRef>
|
|||
|
|
представляет закономерную метатезу из
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220406T093730+0300" comment="поставила здесь в трех словах иран. но хз"?><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1027" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e567" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">vrad-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> ← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1033" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e572" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">brat-</w></mentioned> (ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arv"><w>arv</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>небо</q></gloss></ref> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1043" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e583" xml:lang="ira"><w>abra-</w></mentioned> и
|
|||
|
|
т. п.). В надписи римского времени из Пантикапея засвидетельствовано сарматское имя
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1046" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e586" xml:lang="xsc"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220406T094544+0300" comment="написала скиф. но хз"?><w>Βραδακος</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Латышев"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 266</biblScope></bibl>) ← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1058" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e598" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">brātaka-</w></mentioned></note></mentioned>; здесь еще нет метатезы <c>br-</c> →
|
|||
|
|
<c>rv</c>. Основа ед. ч. <oRef>rvad</oRef> восходит, очевидно, к старому имен. падежу
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1069" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e608" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">brātā</w></mentioned>, тогда как основа мн. ч.
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>rvadæl</oRef> — к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1075" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e615" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">brātar</w></mentioned>.
|
|||
|
|
Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1079" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e619" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>barādar</w>, <w>birādar</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>брат</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4183e629"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1090" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e630" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brāt</w>, <w>brātar</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<w>brāδar</w>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1102" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e642" xml:lang="pal-x-pazend"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brād</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1107" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e647" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brāt</w>, <w>brās</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1114" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e654" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>bəra</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1119" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e659" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>wror</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1124" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e664" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vᵊrōy</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1130" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e670" xml:lang="sgh" extralang="x-rushani"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>virōd</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1135" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e675" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vrōd</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>брат</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1144" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e683" xml:lang="srh"><w>vrador</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>related as brothers</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Shaw"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>200</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4183e697"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1159" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e698" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vred</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1164" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e703" xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vurd</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1169" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e708" xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vrud</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1174" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e713" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vrüt</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1179" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e718" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>virāt</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1184" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e723" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec ">βrāt</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<w>βrʼt</w>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1196" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e735" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>βrād</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1201" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e740" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brātar-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1206" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e745" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brātar-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1211" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e750" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brātar-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(имен. падеж <w>brātā</w>)</note></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1221" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e760" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>bhrātar-</w></mentioned> , <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1226" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e765" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>bratъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1232" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e771" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>брат</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1237" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e776" xml:lang="prg"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brāti</w>, <w>brote</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1244" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e783" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brolis</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">из ласкательного <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1251" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e790" xml:lang="lt"><w>broterēlis</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>братец</q></gloss></mentioned></note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1257" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e796" xml:lang="lt-x-dial"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brotis</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Fraenkel"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>59</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1270" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e809" xml:lang="xto"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>pracar</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1275" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e814" xml:lang="txb"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>pracer</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1281" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e820" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>broꝥar</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1286" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e825" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Bruder</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1291" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e830" xml:lang="sga"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brāthir</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1296" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e835" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>frāter</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>брат</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1304" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e844" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>φράτηρ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>член фратрии, родового союза (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">братства</q>)</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(в Афинах 30 родов, <w>γένή</w>, составляли одну
|
|||
|
|
фратрию, три фратрии — одну филу, <w>φυλή</w>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1323" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e863" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ełbayr</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>брат</q></gloss></mentioned>. Обращает на себя внимание, что ос.
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>rvad</oRef>, — совершенно так же, как <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1333" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e873" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>φράτηρ</w></mentioned>, — функционирует как термин не семейной, а родовой
|
|||
|
|
организации. <oRef>Арвады</oRef> составляют <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">широкий
|
|||
|
|
родственный коллектив, объединяющий иногда четыре-пять фамилий, ведущих свое
|
|||
|
|
происхождение от одного общего отдаленного предка. До настоящего времени внутри этой
|
|||
|
|
родственной группы во многих случаях господствует экзогамия. Если это родственное
|
|||
|
|
объединение живет более или менее компактно, то его члены оказывают друг другу помощь в
|
|||
|
|
таких важнейших событиях, как рождение, свадьба, похороны… В прошлом на арвадов нередко
|
|||
|
|
возлагалась даже обязанность кровной мести</q> (<bibl><author>Калоев</author>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>Осетины</title>. <pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1967</date>, <biblScope>стр.
|
|||
|
|
166–167</biblScope></bibl>). Об этом же — доклад <bibl><author>Гаглоевой</author>
|
|||
|
|
<title><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220406T095327+0300" comment="сделала два title, не помню как надо…"?><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Рвадалта</q><?oxy_comment_end ?></title> (<title>Труды
|
|||
|
|
VII Междунар. конгресса антропол. и этногр. наук, т. 10</title>,
|
|||
|
|
<pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1970</date>, <biblScope>стр. 21—27</biblScope>)</bibl>.
|
|||
|
|
Аналогичным социальным образованием была в своем генезисе древнегреческая фратрия (cp.:
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 401–402</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Hermann</author>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>Sachliches und Sprachliches zur indogermanischen Grossfamilie</title>.
|
|||
|
|
<pubPlace>Gottingen</pubPlace>, <date>1918</date></bibl>). По своему содержанию
|
|||
|
|
термины <oRef>ᵆrvad</oRef> и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1406" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e929" xml:lang="grc"><w>φράτηρ</w></mentioned> восходят
|
|||
|
|
к так называемой <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">большой семье</q>, куда входили не
|
|||
|
|
только родные, но и двоюродные братья, троюродные и т. д. Появление специальных терминов
|
|||
|
|
для <emph>родного</emph> брата (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævsymær" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ævsymær</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ænsuvær</w></ref>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1425" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e946" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ἀδελφός</w></mentioned>) — результат <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">процесса
|
|||
|
|
медленного и самопроизвольного зарождения индивидуальной семьи</q> (<bibl><author>М.
|
|||
|
|
Ковалевский</author>. <title>Современный обычай и древний закон, II</title>.
|
|||
|
|
<pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1886</date>, <biblScope>стр. 307</biblScope></bibl>).
|
|||
|
|
Ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævsymær" xml:lang="os"/> (из <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æm-"/><ref type="xr" target="#entry_syvær"/>) означает буквально <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">единоутробный</q>, как <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e1455" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e974" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ἀδελφός</w></mentioned>; аналогичные образования в других языках см.:
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><author>Mayrhofer</author>, <title>Bibliotheca Orientalis</title>
|
|||
|
|
(<pubPlace>Leiden</pubPlace>) <date>1961</date>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>XVIII 274, прим. 15</biblScope></bibl>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 35, 49, III 81, 138</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>34, 41</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>62–63</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>206</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="en">A
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220531T134154+0300" comment="?"?>common<?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
Indo-European kinship term. The Ossetic form <oRef>rvad-</oRef> is a regular metathesis
|
|||
|
|
from
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220406T093730+0300" comment="поставила здесь в трех словах иран. но хз"?><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e567" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1027" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">vrad-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> ← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e572" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1033" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">brat-</w></mentioned> (cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arv"><w>arv</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>sky</q></gloss></ref> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e583" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1043" xml:lang="ira"><w>abra-</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
etc.). A Roman-era inscription from Panticapaeum attests a Sarmatian name <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e586" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1046" xml:lang="xsc"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220406T094544+0300" comment="написала скиф. но хз"?><w>Βραδακος</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Латышев"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 266</biblScope></bibl>) ← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e598" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1058" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">brātaka-</w></mentioned></note></mentioned>; there is no metathesis <c>br-</c> →
|
|||
|
|
<c>rv</c> here yet. The stem of singular form <oRef>rvad</oRef> evidently traces back to
|
|||
|
|
the old nominative form <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e608" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1069" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">brātā</w></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
while the stem of plural form <oRef>rvadæl</oRef> traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e615" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1075" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">brātar</w></mentioned>. Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e619" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1079" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>barādar</w>, <w>birādar</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>brother</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1089"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e630" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1090" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brāt</w>, <w>brātar</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<w>brāδar</w>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e642" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1102" xml:lang="pal-x-pazend"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brād</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e647" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1107" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brāt</w>, <w>brās</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e654" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1114" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>bəra</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e659" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1119" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>wror</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e664" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1124" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vᵊrōy</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e670" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1130" xml:lang="sgh" extralang="x-rushani"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>virōd</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e675" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1135" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vrōd</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>brother</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e683" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1144" xml:lang="srh"><w>vrador</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>related as brothers</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Shaw"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>200</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1158"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e698" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1159" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vred</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e703" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1164" xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vurd</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e708" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1169" xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vrud</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e713" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1174" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vrüt</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e718" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1179" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>virāt</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e723" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1184" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec ">βrāt</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<w>βrʼt</w>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e735" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1196" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>βrād</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e740" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1201" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brātar-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e745" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1206" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brātar-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e750" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1211" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brātar-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(nominative <w>brātā</w>)</note></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e760" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1221" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>bhrātar-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e765" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1226" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>bratъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e771" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1232" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brat</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e776" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1237" xml:lang="prg"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brāti</w>, <w>brote</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e783" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1244" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brolis</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">from the affectionate form <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e790" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1251" xml:lang="lt"><w>broterēlis</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>little brother</q></gloss></mentioned></note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e796" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1257" xml:lang="lt-x-dial"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brotis</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Fraenkel"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>59</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e809" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1270" xml:lang="xto"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>pracar</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e814" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1275" xml:lang="txb"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>pracer</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e820" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1281" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>broꝥar</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e825" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1286" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Bruder</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e830" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1291" xml:lang="sga"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>brāthir</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e835" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1296" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>frāter</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>brother</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e844" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1304" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>φράτηρ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>member of the phratry, the tribal union (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">fraternity</q>)</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(in Athens, 30 genera, <w>γένή</w>, made up one
|
|||
|
|
phratry, three phratries made up one philae, <w>φυλή</w>)</note></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e863" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1323" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ełbayr</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>brother</q></gloss></mentioned>. It is noteworthy that Ossetic
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>rvad</oRef>, — just like <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e873" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1333" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>φράτηρ</w></mentioned>, — functions as a term not of a family, but of a
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220531T134808+0300" comment="???"?>clan<?oxy_comment_end ?>.
|
|||
|
|
The <oRef>Ærvad</oRef>s make up <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">make up a broad
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220531T135023+0300" comment="?"?>kindred
|
|||
|
|
collective<?oxy_comment_end ?>, sometimes combining four or five families that originate
|
|||
|
|
from one common distant ancestor. To date, exogamy has prevailed in many cases within
|
|||
|
|
this
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220531T135015+0300" comment="?"?>related<?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
group. If this
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220531T135058+0300" comment="???"?>related
|
|||
|
|
association<?oxy_comment_end ?> lives more or less compactly, then its members assist
|
|||
|
|
each other in such important events as birth, wedding, funeral… In the past, the arvads
|
|||
|
|
were often even charged with the duty of blood feud</q> (<bibl><author>Kaloev</author>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>The Ossetian</title>. <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1967</date>,
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>p. 166–167</biblScope></bibl>). See also the talk of
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><author>Gagloeva</author>
|
|||
|
|
<title><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220406T095327+0300" comment="сделала два title, не помню как надо…"?><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Rvadalta</q><?oxy_comment_end ?></title> (<title>Trudy
|
|||
|
|
VII Meždunarodnogo kongressa antropologičeskix i etnografičeskix nauk, t. 10</title>
|
|||
|
|
[Proceedings of VII International Congress of Antropological and Ethnological Sciences,
|
|||
|
|
vol. 10], <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1970</date>, <biblScope>p.
|
|||
|
|
21—27</biblScope>)</bibl>. The ancient Greek phratry was a similar social formation in
|
|||
|
|
its genesis (cf.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 401–402</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Hermann</author>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>Sachliches und Sprachliches zur indogermanischen Grossfamilie</title>.
|
|||
|
|
<pubPlace>Gottingen</pubPlace>, <date>1918</date></bibl>). By their meaning, the terms
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>ᵆrvad</oRef> and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e929" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1406" xml:lang="grc"><w>φράτηρ</w></mentioned> go back to
|
|||
|
|
the so-called <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">big family</q>, which included not only
|
|||
|
|
relatives, but also cousins, second cousins, etc. The emergence of special terms for a
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220531T135449+0300" comment="?"?><emph>blood</emph><?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
brother (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævsymær" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ævsymær</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ænsuvær</w></ref>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e946" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1425" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ἀδελφός</w></mentioned>) — is a result of <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">the
|
|||
|
|
process of slow and spontaneous generation of an individual family</q> (<bibl><author>M.
|
|||
|
|
Kovalevsky</author>. <title>Sovremennyj obychaj i drevnij zakon</title> [Modern custom and ancient law], <biblScope>II</biblScope>. <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1886</date>,
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>p. 307</biblScope></bibl>). Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævsymær" xml:lang="os"/> (from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æm-"/><ref type="xr" target="#entry_syvær"/>) literally means <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">of a single
|
|||
|
|
womb</q>, like <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4183e974" xml:id="mentioned_d4183e1455" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ἀδελφός</w></mentioned>; see similar formations in other languages:
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><author>Mayrhofer</author>, <title>Bibliotheca Orientalis</title>
|
|||
|
|
(<pubPlace>Leiden</pubPlace>) <date>1961</date>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>XVIII 274, fn. 15</biblScope></bibl>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 35, 49, III 81, 138</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>34, 41</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>62–63</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>206</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|