230 lines
24 KiB
XML
230 lines
24 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">a</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_a" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="questions">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231217T182231+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d5923e66" type="lemma"><orth>a</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5923e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>этот</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>this</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">; указательное местоимение для близких предметов,
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котором противостоит <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ū"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ū-</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">o-</w></ref> для более отдаленных. В
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простой (краткой) форме употребляется редко, преимущественно в старых, привычных
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сочетаниях, как то: с названиями <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">времен дня</hi>
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— <ref type="xr" target="#entry_abon"><w>a-bon</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_axsæv"><w>a-xsæv</w></ref>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>a
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_rajsom">rajsom</ref></phr></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_izær">’zær</ref></phr> (из <phr>a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_izær"><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231217T172941+0300" comment="странно, что в начале "ы""?>yzær<?oxy_comment_end ?></ref></phr>)</mentioned>;
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с названиями <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">времен года</hi> — <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_særd">særd</ref></phr></mentioned> (ср. <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>a-soδ</w>
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<gloss><q>в этом году</q></gloss></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zymæg">zymæg</ref></phr></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_walʒæg">walʒæg</ref></phr></mentioned>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæzzæg">fæzzæg</ref></phr></mentioned> и в некоторых других (<mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæw">qæw</ref></phr>
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<gloss><q>этот аул</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>a
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kom_1">kom</ref></phr>
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<gloss><q>это ущелье</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xox">xæxtæ</ref></phr>
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<gloss><q>эти горы</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_læppū">læppu</ref></phr>
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<gloss><q>этот парень</q></gloss></mentioned> и др.)</note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">; a demonstrative for near objects, opposed to
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ū"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ū-</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">o-</w></ref> for objects farther away. In its
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simple (short) form it is used infrequently, mainly in old, conventionalized
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combinations, namely: with names of <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">times of
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day</hi>: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_abon"><w>a-bon</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_axsæv"><w>a-xsæv</w></ref>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rajsom">rajsom</ref></phr></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_izær">’zær</ref></phr> (from <phr>a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_izær"><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231217T172941+0300" comment="странно, что в начале "ы""?>yzær<?oxy_comment_end ?></ref></phr>)</mentioned>;
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with names of <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">seasons</hi> — <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_særd">særd</ref></phr></mentioned> (cf. <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>a-soδ</w>
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<gloss><q>this year</q></gloss></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zymæg">zymæg</ref></phr></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_walʒæg">walʒæg</ref></phr></mentioned>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæzzæg">fæzzæg</ref></phr></mentioned> and in some others (<mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæw">qæw</ref></phr>
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<gloss><q>this village</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kom_1">kom</ref></phr>
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<gloss><q>this gorge</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xox">xæxtæ</ref></phr>
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<gloss><q>these mountains</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_læppū">læppu</ref></phr>
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<gloss><q>this boy</q></gloss></mentioned> etc.)</note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">; обычно же усиливается <mentioned xml:lang="os"><gloss>частицей</gloss>
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<w xml:lang="os-x-iron">cy</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ci</w></mentioned></note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">; normally it is reinforced by the <mentioned xml:lang="os"><gloss>particle</gloss>
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<w xml:lang="os-x-iron">cy</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ci</w></mentioned></note>
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<formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment" xml:lang="ru">в форме </note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment" xml:lang="en">; in the
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form </note>
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<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="variant" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/><orth>aj</orth></form>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> получает
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субстантивную функцию;</note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment" xml:lang="en"> becomes
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a substantive;</note>
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</formGrp>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> формы <oRef/> и <oRef>acy</oRef> |
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<oRef>aci</oRef> употребляются только в адъективной функции. </note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> the forms <oRef/> and <oRef>acy</oRef> |
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<oRef>aci</oRef> are used only adnominally. </note>
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<formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="plural" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><gram xml:lang="ru">Множ. ч.</gram><gram xml:lang="en">Plural</gram> —
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<orth>adon</orth></form>
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<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="plural"><orth>atæ</orth></form>
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</formGrp>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> Оба указательные местоимения, <oRef/> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ū"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ū</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">o</w></ref>, наличны в застывшем виде в ряде
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наречий, образующих два симметричных ряда:</note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">. Both demonstratives, <oRef/> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ū"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ū</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">o</w></ref>, are found in fossilized form in a number of adverbs that
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comprise two symmetrical series:</note>
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231217T180041+0300" comment="решение не идеально, но пусть пока будет так"?>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">
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<table rows="6" cols="2">
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<row>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_am"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">a-m</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">a-mi</w>
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<gloss><q>здесь</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūm"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ūm</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">o-mi</w>
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<gloss><q>там</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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</row>
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<row>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_atæ_2" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>a-tæ</w>
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<gloss><q>так</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_8ūtæ"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="rec">ū-tæ</w></ref> | <ref type="xr" target="#entry_otæ"><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">o-tæ</w></ref>
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<gloss>id.</gloss></cell>
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</row>
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<row>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_aftæ" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>aftæ</w>
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<gloss><q>так</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūftæ" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>ūftæ</w>
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<gloss><q>этак</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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</row>
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<row>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_ardæg6i9" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>a-rdæg</w>
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<gloss><q>по сю сторону</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_ordæg" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>o-rdæg</w>
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<gloss><q>по ту сторону</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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</row>
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<row>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_ardæm"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">a-rdæm</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">a-rdæmæ</w>
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<gloss><q>сюда</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūrdæm"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ū-rdæm</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">o-rdæmæ</w>
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<gloss><q>туда</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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</row>
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<row>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_ardygæj"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">a-rdygæj</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">a-rdigæj</w>
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<gloss><q>отсюда</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūrdygæj"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ū-rd<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231217T180006+0300" comment="у Абаева -i- : опечатка"?>y<?oxy_comment_end ?>gæj</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">o-rdigæj</w>
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<gloss><q>оттуда</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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</row>
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</table>
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</note><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">
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<table rows="6" cols="2">
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<row>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_am"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">a-m</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">a-mi</w>
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<gloss><q>here</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūm"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ūm</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">o-mi</w>
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<gloss><q>there</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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</row>
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<row>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_atæ_2" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>a-tæ</w>
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<gloss><q>thus</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_8ūtæ"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="rec">ū-tæ</w></ref> | <ref type="xr" target="#entry_otæ"><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">o-tæ</w></ref>
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<gloss>id.</gloss></cell>
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</row>
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<row>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_aftæ" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>aftæ</w>
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<gloss><q>this way</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūftæ" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>ūftæ</w>
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<gloss><q>that way</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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</row>
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<row>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_ardæg6i9" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>a-rdæg</w>
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<gloss><q>on this side</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_ordæg" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>o-rdæg</w>
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<gloss><q>on that side</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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</row>
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<row>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_ardæm"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">a-rdæm</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">a-rdæmæ</w>
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<gloss><q>hither</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūrdæm"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ū-rdæm</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">o-rdæmæ</w>
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<gloss><q>thither</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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</row>
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<row>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_ardygæj"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">a-rdygæj</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">a-rdigæj</w>
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<gloss><q>hence</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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<cell><ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūrdygæj"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ū-rd<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231217T180006+0300" comment="у Абаева -i- : опечатка"?>y<?oxy_comment_end ?>gæj</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">o-rdigæj</w>
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<gloss><q>thence</q></gloss></ref></cell>
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</row>
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</table>
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</note>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">Ср. также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_axæm" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>a-xæm</w></ref> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūxæm"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ū-xæm</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">wæ-xæn</w>
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<gloss><q>такой</q></gloss></ref></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">Cf. also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_axæm" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>a-xæm</w></ref> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūxæm"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ū-xæm</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">wæ-xæn</w>
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<gloss><q>such</q></gloss></ref></note>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Как и другие местоимения, — иранского происхождения: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5923e153" xml:id="mentioned_d5923e81" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>a-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5923e158" xml:id="mentioned_d5923e86" xml:lang="ae"><w>ā-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5923e161" xml:id="mentioned_d5923e89" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>a-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5923e166" xml:id="mentioned_d5923e94" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>ā-</w>
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<gloss><q>этот</q></gloss></mentioned>. Соотносительное употребление
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<oRef>а</oRef>
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<gloss><q>этот</q></gloss> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ū-"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ū-</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">о-</w>
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<gloss><q>тот</q></gloss></ref> также восходит к древнеиранскому: <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d5923e100" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>„aiŋhā̊ zəmō… ave stārō“</w></mentioned> = <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d5923e106" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>„acy zæxx… ūcy stʼalytæ“</w></mentioned>, ср. также такие пары, как
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5923e183" xml:id="mentioned_d5923e111" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>a-θa</w></mentioned> || <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5923e188" xml:id="mentioned_d5923e116" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>ava-θa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5923e193" xml:id="mentioned_d5923e121" xml:lang="ae"><w>a-θra</w></mentioned> ||
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5923e196" xml:id="mentioned_d5923e124" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>ava-θra</w></mentioned>. Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ū-"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ū-</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">o-</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_e"><w type="rec" xml:lang="os-x-iron">ī</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">e</w></ref>; см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_acy"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aj"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_8atæ_1"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_adon"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_adættæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_am"/>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_atæ_2"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aftæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ardæg6i9"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ardygæj"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ardæm"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_axæm"/>.<lb/><bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author>.
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<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">ОЭ</ref>
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<biblScope>II 152</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
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<biblScope>53</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Like other pronouns, of Iranian origin: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5923e81" xml:id="mentioned_d5923e153" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>a-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5923e86" xml:id="mentioned_d5923e158" xml:lang="ae"><w>ā-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5923e89" xml:id="mentioned_d5923e161" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>a-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5923e94" xml:id="mentioned_d5923e166" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>ā-</w>
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<gloss><q>this</q></gloss></mentioned>. The correlative usage of
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<oRef>a</oRef>
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<gloss><q>this</q></gloss> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ū-"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ū-</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">о-</w>
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<gloss><q>that</q></gloss></ref> also goes back to Old Iranian: <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d5923e172" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>“aiŋhå zəmō… ave stārō”</w></mentioned> = <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d5923e178" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<phr>“acy zæxx… ūcy stʼalytæ”</phr></mentioned>, cf. also such pairs as
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5923e111" xml:id="mentioned_d5923e183" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>a-θa</w></mentioned> || <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5923e116" xml:id="mentioned_d5923e188" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>ava-θa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5923e121" xml:id="mentioned_d5923e193" xml:lang="ae"><w>a-θra</w></mentioned> ||
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5923e124" xml:id="mentioned_d5923e196" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>ava-θra</w></mentioned>. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ū-"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ū-</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">o-</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_e"><w type="rec" xml:lang="os-x-iron">ī</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">e</w></ref>; see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_acy"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aj"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_8atæ_1"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_adon"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_adættæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_am"/>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_atæ_2"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aftæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ardæg6i9"><w>ardæg</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ardygæj"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ardæm"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_axæm"/>.<lb/><bibl>Ws. <author>Miller</author>.
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<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OÈ</ref>
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<biblScope>II 152</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
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<biblScope>53</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
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<biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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