231 lines
15 KiB
XML
231 lines
15 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ajdaǧ</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_ajdaǧ" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231223T191258+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d2195e66" type="lemma"><orth>ajdaǧ</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2195e69">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2195e70">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>единственный</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>single</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2195e79">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>единственно</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>solely</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2195e88">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>исключительно</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>exclusively</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2195e97">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>только</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>only</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">. В иронском в последнем значении чаще <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærmæst"/>. Для семантики слова представляют интерес
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такие выражения, как <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-iron">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zaǧd syn ba-c-ajdaǧ is</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ссора у них завязалась</q>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment">, буквально <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">стала единственным
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(делом)</q></note>
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</tr>
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</example></note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">. In Iron, the latter sense is more frequently
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expressed by <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærmæst"/>. For the semantics of the
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word it is interesting to consider such expressions as <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-iron">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zaǧd syn ba-c-ajdaǧ is</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a quarrel started among them</q>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment">, literally <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">became their only
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(business)</q></note>
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</tr>
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</example></note>
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<re xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">; в дигорском в аналогичных выражениях
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находим уже не <w>ajdaǧ</w>, а </note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">; in Digor, analogous expressions do not have
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<w>ajdaǧ</w>, but </note>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>ewdaǧ</orth></form>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ma sin baduntæ
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<oRef>ra-jewdaǧ æj</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сиденье у них затянулось</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they took a long time sitting
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(around)</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2195e107">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2195e109">
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<quote>Giorgi jæ bæx agūrynmæ acyd, fælæ ma ssardta <oRef>ajdaǧ</oRef>
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æstǵytæ ’mæ særy kʼ˳ydūr</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Георгий пошел искать свою лошадь, но нашел одни кости и череп</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Giorgi went to look for his horse, but found only bones and a
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skull</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2195e124" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote><oRef>ajdaǧ</oRef> min ʒūrd radtetæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>только дайте мне слово</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>only give me (your) word</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_FS"/>
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<biblScope>V 11</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2195e146" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>sæxemæ ba niwwaǧta <oRef>ajdaǧ</oRef> æ zærond madi</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>дома он оставил одну свою старуху мать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>he left his old mother home alone</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>36</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2195e168" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote><oRef>ajdaǧ</oRef> i duwwæ randæncæ cawæni</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>они только двое пошли на охоту</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>only the two of them went hunting</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>26</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2195e190" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote><oRef>ajdaǧæj</oRef> bajzadtæn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>я осталась одна</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>I remained alone</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>45</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2195e213" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>mæ xwæræj dær æma suǧzærīnæj dær <oRef>ajdaǧ</oRef> dæn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>я лишен и сестры и золота</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>I am deprived of both my sister and the gold</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1940 III 57</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2195e235" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote><oRef>ajdaǧ</oRef> bæxbæl badun næ zonun, ændæra alci dær
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zonun</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>я не умею только сидеть на лошади, а то все умею</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>I only cannot sit on a horse, otherwise I am capable of everything
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else</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
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<biblScope>87</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2195e257" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>tæxoduj nur ma ewmæ fæccæræ… <oRef>ajdaǧ</oRef> ewnæg anz!</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>о, если бы пожить еще вместе только один год</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>o, if we
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231223T190858+0300" comment="the form is imperative, the translation is unclear"?>could
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live<?oxy_comment_end ?> together for just one year more</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/>
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<biblScope>106</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Сопоставление и. <oRef>aidaǧ</oRef> с д. <oRef>ewdaǧ</oRef> дает
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ключ к анализу слова; в обоих случаев мы находим один и тот же элемент
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<w>daǧ</w>, к которому присоединяется в одном случае указательное
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местоимение <ref type="xr" target="#entry_a"><w>a</w> (<w>aj</w>)</ref>, в
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другом — числительное <ref type="xr" target="#entry_īw_1" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>ew</w>
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<gloss><q>один</q></gloss></ref>. Элемент <w>daǧ</w> идентичен со словом
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_daǧ"><w>daǧ</w>
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<gloss><q>складка</q></gloss></ref>; д. <oRef>ewdaǧ</oRef> по структуре,
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семантике, а также этимологически корреспондирует <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2195e332" xml:id="mentioned_d2195e299" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>yek-tā</w>
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<gloss><q>единственный</q></gloss></mentioned>. См. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_daǧ"/>, ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_īwdaʒyg"/>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Comparing Iron <oRef>aidaǧ</oRef> with Digor <oRef>ewdaǧ</oRef>
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provides the key to the analysis of this word; in both cases we find the same
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elemen <w>daǧ</w>, which is combined with the demonstrative pronoun <ref type="xr" target="#entry_a"><w>a</w> (<w>aj</w>)</ref> in one case, and with
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numeral <ref type="xr" target="#entry_īw_1"><w>ew</w>
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<gloss><q>one</q></gloss></ref> in the other. The element <w>daǧ</w> is
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identical to the word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_daǧ"><w>daǧ</w>
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<gloss><q>a fold</q></gloss></ref>; Digor <oRef>ewdaǧ</oRef> corresponds to
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2195e299" xml:id="mentioned_d2195e332" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>yek-tā</w>
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231223T191227+0300" comment="dubious translation (in the original), this is just 'one' with a classifier"?><gloss><q>the
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one, only</q></gloss><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned> in structure,
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semantics, and also etymology. See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_daǧ"/>, cf.
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_īwdaʒyg"/>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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