164 lines
16 KiB
XML
164 lines
16 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">cæryn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_cæryn" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d5679e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>cæryn</orth><form xml:id="form_d5679e68" type="participle"><orth>card</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d5679e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>cærun</orth><form xml:id="form_d5679e73" type="participle"><orth>card</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5679e76"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>жить</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>live</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5679e86">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5679e88">
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<quote>raǵy wæjygmæ læskʒæræn īw mæg˳yr læg card</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>давно у великана в качестве пастуха-батрака жил один бедняк</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>long time ago one poor man lived with a giant as a shepherd-farm
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labourer</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5679e107">
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<quote>k˳yd cærʒynæn ænæ dæw…?</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>как я буду жить без тебя?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>how will I live without you?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>112</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5679e126">
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<quote>cæruntæ, xwæruntæ bajdædtoncæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>стали жить да есть</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>[they] began to live and eat</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>15%l4%l</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Основа čar- (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e363" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e148" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w>*k˳el-</w></mentioned>) в других иранских языках имеет значение
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‘пастись’, ‘пасти скот’, ‘кочевать, пася скот’, вообще ‘кочевать’, ‘бродить’:
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e368" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e153" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>čaridan</w>
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<gloss><q>пастись</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e376" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e161" xml:lang="fa"><w>čalīdan</w>
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<gloss><q>идти</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e382" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e167" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>carēdəl</w>
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<gloss><q>пастись</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e390" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e175" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>čarag</w>
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<gloss><q>бродить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e399" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e184" xml:lang="x-balochi"><w/>
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<gloss><q>пасти скот</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e405" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e190" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>čarin</w>
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<gloss><q>пастись</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e413" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e198" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>vi-čar</w>
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<gloss><q>пребывать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e421" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e206" xml:lang="pal"><w>čaraɣ</w>
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<gloss><q>пастбище</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/><biblScope>109</biblScope></bibl>), ср.
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e431" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e216" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>čʼarakʼ</w>
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<gloss><q>пастбище</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e440" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e225" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>čar-</w>
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<gloss><q>двигаться</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e448" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e233" xml:lang="ae"><w/>
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<gloss><q>ходить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e454" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e239" xml:lang="ae"><w/>
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<gloss><q>бродить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e460" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e245" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>čar-</w>
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<gloss><q>двигаться</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e468" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e253" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>бродить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e474" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e259" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>пасти скот</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e481" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e266" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>colo</w>
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<gloss><q>ухаживать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e489" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e274" xml:lang="la"><w/>
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<gloss><q>населять</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e495" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e280" xml:lang="la"><w/>
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<gloss><q>жить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e501" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e286" xml:lang="la"><w>incola</w>
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<gloss><q>обитатель</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e507" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e292" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>πέλω</w>
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<gloss><q>двигаться</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e515" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e300" xml:lang="grc"><w/>
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<gloss><q>становиться</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e522" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e307" xml:lang="grc"><w/>
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<gloss><q>быть</q></gloss></mentioned>. Переход значения ‘пасти скот’ →
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‘жить’ характеризует скотоводческий народ, каким действительно и были предки
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осетин. Аналогичное семантическое развитие наметилось и в других языках
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(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e528" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e313" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>vi-čār</w>
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<gloss><q>пребывать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e536" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e321" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>colo</w>
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<gloss><q>жить</q></gloss></mentioned>). Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_8caryn"/> ‘оживлять’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ænʒaryn"/> ‘поджигать’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_card"/> ‘жизнь’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cærænbon"/> ‘жизнь’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cærdæg"/>
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‘проворный’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæræccag"/> ‘долголетний’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_calcæg"/> ‘ремонт’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æʒællag"/> ‘бедственный’.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>46, 78</biblScope></bibl>;
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>57,
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58</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>23, 56</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The stem <hi rendition="#rend_italic">čar</hi>- (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e148" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e363" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w>*k˳el-</w></mentioned>) in other Iranian languages has the meaning
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‘browse’, ‘pasture’, ‘wrangle’; ‘nomadise’, ‘wander’ in general: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e153" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e368" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>čaridan</w>
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<gloss><q>browse</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e161" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e376" xml:lang="fa"><w>čalīdan</w>
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<gloss><q>go</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e167" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e382" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>carēdəl</w>
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<gloss><q>browse</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e175" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e390" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>čarag</w>
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<gloss><q>wander</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e184" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e399" xml:lang="x-balochi"><w/>
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<gloss><q>pasture</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e190" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e405" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>čarin</w>
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<gloss><q>browse</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e198" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e413" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>vi-čar</w>
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<gloss><q>stay</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e206" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e421" xml:lang="pal"><w>čaraɣ</w>
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<gloss><q>pasture-land</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/><biblScope>109</biblScope></bibl>), cf.
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e216" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e431" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>čʼarakʼ</w>
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<gloss><q>pasture-land</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e225" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e440" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>čar-</w>
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<gloss><q>move</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e233" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e448" xml:lang="ae"><w/>
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<gloss><q>walk</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e239" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e454" xml:lang="ae"><w/>
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<gloss><q>wander</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e245" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e460" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>čar-</w>
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<gloss><q>move</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e253" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e468" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>wander</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e259" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e474" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>pasture</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e266" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e481" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>colo</w>
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<gloss><q>maintain</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e274" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e489" xml:lang="la"><w/>
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<gloss><q>inhabit</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e280" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e495" xml:lang="la"><w/>
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<gloss><q>live</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e286" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e501" xml:lang="la"><w>incola</w>
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<gloss><q>inhabitant</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e292" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e507" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>πέλω</w>
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<gloss><q>move</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e300" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e515" xml:lang="grc"><w/>
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<gloss><q>become</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e307" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e522" xml:lang="grc"><w/>
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<gloss><q>be</q></gloss></mentioned>. The transition of the meaning
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‘pasture’ → ‘live’ describes cattle-breeding people which the ancestors of the
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Ossetic people really were. A similar semantic development has been outlined in
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other languages as well (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e313" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e528" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>vi-čār</w>
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<gloss><q>stay</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5679e321" xml:id="mentioned_d5679e536" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>colo</w>
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<gloss><q>live</q></gloss></mentioned>). Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_8caryn"/> ‘make alive’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ænʒaryn"/> ‘put on fire’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_card"/> ‘life’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cærænbon"/> ‘life’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cærdæg"/> ‘nimble’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæræccag"/>
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‘longliving’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_calcæg"/> ‘reparation’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æʒællag"/> ‘disastrous’.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>46, 78</biblScope></bibl>;
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>57,
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58</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>23, 56</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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