151 lines
14 KiB
XML
151 lines
14 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dæs</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_dæs" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d5194e66" type="lemma"><orth>dæs</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5194e69"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>десять</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>ten</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5194e79">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5194e81">
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<quote>dæs mærty myn xoræj læværdtoj myzdæn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>десять мер зерна мне давали в виде платы</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>I was given ten measures of grain as payment</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>56</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5194e100">
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<quote>dæsazʒyd læg ū</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>десятилетний — (уже) мужчина</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>ten year old is (already) a man</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>55</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5194e119" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>dæs æma insæj ivazi</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>тридцать („десять и двадцать“) саженей</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>thirty ("ten and twenty") fathoms</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>2%l14%l</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5194e141" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>tuxtæncæ Gubadtæ dæsemæj, ramardton he onæj æz avd</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сражались Кубатиевы вдесятером, из них я убил семерых</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>ten Kubatievs fought together, I killed seven of them</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/><biblScope>38</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Как и другие числительные, относится к иранскому слою. Восходит
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к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e327" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e166" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>dasa-</w></mentioned>. Закономерные соответствия имеются во всех
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индоевропейских языках: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e332" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e171" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>das</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e337" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e176" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*δas(δs)</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e342" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e181" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>δas</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e347" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e186" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>δés</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e353" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e192" xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
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<w>das</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e358" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e197" xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
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<w>d<hi rendition="#rend_bold">o</hi>s</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e363" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e202" xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
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<w>dos</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e368" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e207" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>δůs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e373" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e212" xml:lang="ps"><w>δīs</w></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e376" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e215" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>δūs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e382" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e221" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>las</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e387" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e226" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>dah</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (в некоторых диалектах,
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например <hi rendition="#rend_bold">семнанском</hi>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e393" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e232" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>das</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e399" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e238" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>dah</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e404" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e243" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>dasau</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e409" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e248" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>dasa-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e414" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e253" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>daśa-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e420" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e259" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>tʼasn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e425" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e264" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>десять</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e430" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e269" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>dēšimt</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e435" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e274" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
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<w>táihun</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e440" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e279" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>δέκα</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e445" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e284" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>decem</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e451" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e290" xml:lang="br"><lang/>
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<w>dek</w></mentioned> и пр. Иранское название ‘десятка’, как и ‘сотни’,
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было усвоено в ряд финно-угорских языков: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e456" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e295" xml:lang="kv"><lang/>
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<w n="0">дас</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d5194e301" xml:lang="udm"><lang/>
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<w n="0">дас</w></mentioned> (всего вероятнее, из скифского).%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II
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48</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>48, 159</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/><biblScope>36</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>22,
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163</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Like other numerals, the word relates to the Iranian stratum. It
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traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e166" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e327" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>dasa-</w></mentioned>. Regular correspondences are found in all
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Indo-European languages: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e171" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e332" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>das</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e176" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e337" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*δas(δs)</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e181" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e342" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>δas</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e186" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e347" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>δés</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e192" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e353" xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
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<w>das</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e197" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e358" xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
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<w>d<hi rendition="#rend_bold">o</hi>s</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e202" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e363" xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
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<w>dos</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e207" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e368" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>δůs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e212" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e373" xml:lang="ps"><w>δīs</w></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e215" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e376" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>δūs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e221" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e382" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>las</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e226" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e387" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>dah</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">
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(in some dialects, for example, in <hi rendition="#rend_bold">Semnani</hi>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e232" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e393" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>das</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e238" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e399" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>dah</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e243" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e404" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>dasau</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e248" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e409" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>dasa-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e253" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e414" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>daśa-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e259" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e420" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>tʼasn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e264" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e425" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>desjatʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e269" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e430" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>dēšimt</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e274" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e435" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
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<w>táihun</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e279" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e440" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>δέκα</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e284" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e445" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>decem</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e290" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e451" xml:lang="br"><lang/>
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<w>dek</w></mentioned> etc. The Iranian name of ‘ten’, as well as ‘hundred’
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was borrowed in a number of Finno-Ugric languages: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5194e295" xml:id="mentioned_d5194e456" xml:lang="kv"><lang/>
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<w>das</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d5194e461" xml:lang="udm"><lang/>
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<w>das</w></mentioned> (most probably, from Scythian).%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II
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48</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>48, 159</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/><biblScope>36</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>22,
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163</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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