101 lines
9.4 KiB
XML
101 lines
9.4 KiB
XML
|
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
|
|||
|
<teiHeader>
|
|||
|
<fileDesc>
|
|||
|
<titleStmt>
|
|||
|
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">farast</hi></title>
|
|||
|
</titleStmt>
|
|||
|
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
|
|||
|
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
|
|||
|
<sourceDesc>
|
|||
|
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
|
|||
|
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
|
|||
|
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
|
|||
|
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
|
|||
|
</sourceDesc>
|
|||
|
</fileDesc>
|
|||
|
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
|
|||
|
<tagsDecl>
|
|||
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
|
|||
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
|
|||
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
|
|||
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
|
|||
|
</tagsDecl>
|
|||
|
</encodingDesc>
|
|||
|
</teiHeader>
|
|||
|
<text>
|
|||
|
<body>
|
|||
|
<entry xml:id="entry_farast" xml:lang="os">
|
|||
|
<form xml:id="form_d2778e66" type="lemma"><orth>farast</orth></form>
|
|||
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d2778e69"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
<q>девять</q>
|
|||
|
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
<q>nine</q>
|
|||
|
</abv:tr></sense>
|
|||
|
<re xml:id="re_d2778e79">
|
|||
|
<form xml:id="form_d2778e81" type="lemma"><orth>faræstæm</orth></form>
|
|||
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d2778e84"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
<q>девятый</q>
|
|||
|
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
<q>ninth</q>
|
|||
|
</abv:tr></sense>
|
|||
|
</re>
|
|||
|
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2778e95">
|
|||
|
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2778e97">
|
|||
|
<quote>kūrync īw mællæg sag farast baræǵy</quote>
|
|||
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
<q>просят (дать им) одного тощего оленя девять всадников</q>
|
|||
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
<q>nine horsemen ask for one skinny deer</q>
|
|||
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>65</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
</abv:example>
|
|||
|
</abv:exampleGrp>
|
|||
|
<etym xml:lang="ru">В отличие от остальных числительных, не восходит к
|
|||
|
соответствующему общеиндоевропейскому названию (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2778e185" xml:id="mentioned_d2778e119" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>nava-</w></mentioned>), а представляет новое, на осетинской почве
|
|||
|
возникшее образование из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">far-ast</hi> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">pāra-ašta</hi>) буквально „за восемью“,
|
|||
|
„сверх восьми“. Такой способ обозначения ‘девяти’ указывает на то, что восьмерка
|
|||
|
считалась „круглым“ числом, как и десятка. В пользу этого говорят и такие
|
|||
|
выражения, как <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æstæmæj æstmæ</hi> (в эпосе) „восемь дней“ (как круглый счет
|
|||
|
времени) и др. Древность подобных представлений подтверждается тем, что
|
|||
|
индоевропейское название ‘девяти’ происходит от прилагательного <hi rendition="#rend_italic">новый</hi> (ср.
|
|||
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2778e190" xml:id="mentioned_d2778e124" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>nava-</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>новый</q></gloss></mentioned> и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2778e198" xml:id="mentioned_d2778e132" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>nava-</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>девять</q></gloss></mentioned>) и означает „новое (после восьми)
|
|||
|
число“ (см.: <bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru">Curtius. Grundzüge dergriech. Etym.
|
|||
|
Изд. 5-е, Leipzig, 1879, стр. 310 сл.</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru">Нirzеl. Uber Rundzahlen</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru">А.
|
|||
|
Каеgi. Die Neunzahl bei dan Ostiraniern</biblScope></bibl>. —<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">51
|
|||
|
сл.</biblScope></bibl>).
|
|||
|
Общеиндоевропейское название ‘девяти’ должно было звучать в осетинском
|
|||
|
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*næw-</hi>, что мы действительно и находим в д. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">næw-dæs</hi> (и. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nū-dæs</hi>)
|
|||
|
‘девятнадцать’ [см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_næwdæs"/>]. — См. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fal-"/> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ast"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Шегрен"/><biblScope>155</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 159, III
|
|||
|
156</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>34, 48</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>158</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
<etym xml:lang="en">Unlike other numerals, it does not go back to the corresponding
|
|||
|
general Indo-European name (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2778e119" xml:id="mentioned_d2778e185" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>nava-</w></mentioned>). It represents a new formation that has arisen in
|
|||
|
Ossetic from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">far-ast</hi> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">pāra-ašta</hi>) literally ‘after eight’, ‘over eight’.
|
|||
|
This way of naming ‘nine’ indicates that eight was considered a round number,
|
|||
|
like ten. This is supported by expressions such as <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æstæmæj æstmæ</hi> (in an
|
|||
|
epos) ‘eight days’ (as a round way of time tracking) etc. The antiquity of such
|
|||
|
ideas is confirmed by the fact that the Indo-European word for ‘nine’ comes from
|
|||
|
the adjective <hi rendition="#rend_italic">new</hi> (cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2778e124" xml:id="mentioned_d2778e190" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>nava-</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>new</q></gloss></mentioned> and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2778e132" xml:id="mentioned_d2778e198" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
|
|||
|
<w>nava-</w>
|
|||
|
<gloss><q>ninve</q></gloss></mentioned>) and it means ‘new (after eight)
|
|||
|
number’ (see: <bibl><biblScope xml:lang="en">Curtius. Grundzüge dergriech. Etym. 5th edition, Leipzig,
|
|||
|
1879, p. 310 ff.</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><biblScope xml:lang="en">Нirzеl.
|
|||
|
Uber Rundzahlen</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><biblScope xml:lang="en">А. Каеgi. Die Neunzahl bei dan
|
|||
|
Ostiraniern</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/><biblScope xml:lang="en">51 ff.</biblScope></bibl>). The
|
|||
|
general noun for ‘nine’ was supposed to sound as <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*næw-</hi> in Ossetic, which
|
|||
|
indeed is found in Digor <hi rendition="#rend_italic">næw-dæs</hi> (Iron <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nū-dæs</hi>) ‘nineteen’ [see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_næwdæs"/>]. — See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fal-"/> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ast"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Шегрен"/><biblScope>155</biblScope></bibl>. —
|
|||
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 159,
|
|||
|
III 156</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>34, 48</biblScope></bibl>. —
|
|||
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>158</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
</body>
|
|||
|
</text>
|
|||
|
</TEI>
|