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abaev-xml/entries/abaev_læmaryn.xml

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2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">læmaryn</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml">
<p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">II</biblScope>. L–R. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1965</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">27</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_læmaryn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="questions">
<form xml:id="form_d3780e68" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>læmaryn</orth><form xml:id="form_d3780e70" type="participle"><orth>læmærst</orth></form></form>
<form xml:id="form_d3780e73" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>læmarun</orth><form xml:id="form_d3780e75" type="participle"><orth>læmarst</orth></form></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3780e78"><sense xml:id="sense_d3780e79"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>выжимать</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>squeeze out</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3780e88"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>отжимать</q>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (например, мокрое белье)</note>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>wring out</q>
<note type="comment"> (e.g., wet laundry)</note>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3780e103"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>выдавливать</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>press out</q>
</abv:tr><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (например, сок из плода)</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (e.g., juice out of a fruit)</note></sense></sense>
<re xml:id="re_d3780e117">
<form xml:id="form_d3780e119" type="lemma"><orth>bez læmaræn</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3780e122"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">инструмент для выдавливания меда из сот</q>
</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tool for pressing out honey from honeycomb</q>
</tr></sense>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d3780e135">
<form xml:id="form_d3780e137" type="lemma"><orth>læmaræntæ</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3780e140"><sense xml:id="sense_d3780e141"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">выжимки</q>
</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">pressing residue</q>
</tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3780e152"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>жмыхи</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>oil cake</q>
</abv:tr></sense></sense>
</re>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d3780e164">
<example xml:id="example_d3780e166">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fænykg˳yz felvæsta jæ cyxt,
<oRef>balæmærsta</oRef> jæ, æmæ jæ syly ækald</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="xr" target="#entry_fænykg0yz"/>
выхватил свой сыр, сжал его, и из него потекла сыворотка</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the <foreign><ref type="xr" target="#entry_fænykg0yz">fænykg˳yz</ref></foreign> snatched out his cheese,
pressed it, and whey flowed out of it</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Аргъ."/>
<biblScope>89</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d3780e196">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mīǧ nyl <oRef>læmærsta</oRef> jæ x˳ylyʒ
xædon</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">туча выжимала на нас свою влажную рубашку</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the storm cloud wrung out on us its wet
shirt</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
<biblScope>1957 III 76</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d3780e221" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæwuj qwæcæj, <oRef>læmaruj</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">плачет от дыма, выжимает (слезы)</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sheds tears because of smoke, squeezes out (the
tears)</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Sozur"/>
<biblScope>26</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d3780e248" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">anzi
dærǧ<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220329T200451+0300" comment="strange form, check"?>ci<?oxy_comment_end ?>
kombinatæn æntæsʒænæj raddun… <oRef>læmaræntæ</oRef> 17.9 min puti</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в течение года комбинат сможет дать 17.9 тысяч
пудов жмыхов</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">over the year the factory can produce 17.9
thousand <hi rendition="#rend_italic">poods</hi><note type="footnote">Old Russian
unit of weight, approx. 16.38 kg.</note> of oil-cake</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_FS"/>
<biblScope>V 124</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d3780e285">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dælæmæ ærxaw, cy kʼævda dæ, — jæ k˳yræty
fæḱḱīty don <oRef>læmargæjæ</oRef> ʒyrdta Qaraʒaw</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">чтобы тебе провалиться, что ты за ливень, —
говорил Карадзау, выжимая воду из полы своего бешмета</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">may you perish, what kind of rain are you, –
spoke Qaradzaw while squeezing out water from the tail of his <hi rendition="#rend_italic">beshmet</hi> (jacket)</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
<biblScope>1957 VI 36</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e439" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e316" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<m type="rec">fra-mār-</m>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e447" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e324" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<m type="rec">mel</m>
<gloss><q>раздроблять</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>раздавливать</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q>мять</q> и пр.</gloss>: <note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
<biblScope>716 сл.</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>.
Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e470" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e347" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<m>mrāta-</m>
<gloss><q>размягченный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>размятый</q> (о коже)</gloss></mentioned>,
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e485" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e359" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>mṛnāti</w>
<gloss><q>дробит</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>мелет</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e496" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e370" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>mlāyati</w>
<gloss><q>размягчается</q></gloss></mentioned>. Во многих индоевропейских языках
представлено в значении <gloss><q>молоть</q></gloss>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e507" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e380" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>молоть</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e512" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e385" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
<w>μύλλω</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e517" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e390" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>molo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e522" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e395" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
<w>malan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e527" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e400" xml:lang="sga"><lang/>
<w>melim</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e532" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e405" xml:lang="hit"><lang/>
<w>ma-al-la-i</w></mentioned> и др. Ср. также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e541" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e411" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
<w>malem</w>
<gloss><q>я толку</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e549" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e419" xml:lang="xto"><lang/>
<w>malywët</w>
<gloss><q>ты давишь, топчешь</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Прош. причастие
<oRef>læmærst</oRef> образовано от инхоативной основы <m>mar-s-</m>, как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lædaryn"><w>lædaryn</w> : <w>lædarst</w></ref> и др.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e316" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e439" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<m type="rec">fra-mār-</m>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e324" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e447" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<m type="rec">mel</m>
<gloss><q>smash to pieces</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>crush</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q>crumple</q> etc.</gloss>: <note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
<biblScope>716ff.</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>. Cf.
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e347" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e470" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<m>mrāta-</m>
<gloss><q>softened</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220329T203234+0300" comment="or kneaded?"?>wrinkled<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
(of leather)</gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e359" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e485" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>mṛnāti</w>
<gloss><q>crushes</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>grinds</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e370" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e496" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>mlāyati</w>
<gloss><q>is softened</q></gloss></mentioned>. In many Indo-European languages found in
the meaning <gloss><q>grind</q></gloss>: <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d3780e506"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e380" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e507" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>molotʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e385" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e512" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
<w>μύλλω</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e390" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e517" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>molo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e395" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e522" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
<w>malan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e400" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e527" xml:lang="sga"><lang/>
<w>melim</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e405" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e532" xml:lang="hit"><lang/>
<w>ma-al-la-i</w></mentioned> etc. <gloss><q>mill</q></gloss></mentioned> Cf. also
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e411" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e541" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
<w>malem</w>
<gloss><q>I pound</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3780e419" xml:id="mentioned_d3780e549" xml:lang="xto"><lang/>
<w>malywët</w>
<gloss><q>you press, you trample down</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Past participle
<oRef>læmærst</oRef> derived from the inchoative stem <m>mar-s-</m>, like <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lædaryn"><w>lædaryn</w> : <w>lædarst</w></ref> etc.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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