154 lines
10 KiB
XML
154 lines
10 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sūsqæd</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_sūsqæd" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d2761e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>sūsqæd</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>sosqædæ</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2761e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>липа</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>linden</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Tilia</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Tilia</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tærs, fatqæd, tægær æmæ <oRef>sūsqæd</oRef>
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bælæstæ bambærztoj xoxy kʼ˳yldymtæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">бук, граб, клен и липа покрыли горные
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склоны</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">beech, hornbeam, maple and linden covered the
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mountain slopes</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1970 XI 81</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">badtysty <oRef>sūsqæd</oRef> bælasy byn darǧ
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bandonyl</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они сидели под липой на длинной скамье»</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they were sitting under a linden tree on a long
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bench</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1972 VI 15</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>sūsqæd</oRef> — syftærǵyn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">липа — с обильной листвой</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">linden — with abundant foliage</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
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<biblScope>194</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cʼæx exbæl biccewtæ ǧazuncæ kʼwaræj, xwajuncæ
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sæ kintæ <oRef>sosqædi</oRef> cʼaræj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на синем льду ребята играют гурьбой, бьют по
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своим волчкам липовой корой</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">on the blue ice, the guys play in a crowd, beat
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their tops with a linden bark</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Qazb."/>
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<biblScope>8</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Сложение из <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sūs_2"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">sūs</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">sos</w>
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<q>пустой</q></ref> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæd_1"><w>qæd(æ)</w>
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<q>дерево</q></ref>; липа удостоилась такого нелестного наименования из-за своей
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неплотной, мягкой древесины; ср. <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-argot"><lang/>
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<w>липовый</w> в смысле <gloss><q>не настоящий</q>, <q>плохой</q></gloss></mentioned>.
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Но образованию ср. названия некоторых других деревьев: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fatqæd"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zalǧæd"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fædæǧd"><w>fædæǧd</w> (из <w>fædǧæd</w>)</ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wīsqæd"/>. Для первой части ср. также <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">sūsdūr</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">sosdor</w>
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<gloss><q>ноздреватый, пористый камень</q>, <q>пемза</q></gloss></mentioned>. —
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<bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
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<biblScope>8</biblScope>)</bibl> склонен был считать осетинское слово заимствованным,
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указывая, с одной стороны, на <mentioned xml:lang="kv"><lang/>
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<w>sus</w>
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<gloss><q>кедр</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(у <name>Миллера</name> ошибочно <gloss><q>Erle</q>,
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<q>ольха</q></gloss>)</note></mentioned>, с другой — на <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>sos</w>
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<gloss><q>платан</q></gloss></mentioned>. Заимствование из пермских языков обоснованно
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оспаривают <bibl><author>Sköld</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sköld._Oss.">Oss.</ref>
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<biblScope>9</biblScope>)</bibl> и <bibl><author>Joki</author> (<title>Suomen
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Suku</title>
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<date>1962</date>) <biblScope>XXIII 159</biblScope></bibl>. Что касается <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>sos</w>
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<gloss><q>платан</q></gloss></mentioned>, то и здесь, учитывая прозрачность этимологии
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осетинского слова, можно думать только о случайном созвучии или об общей индоевропейской
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основе, но никак не о заимствовании. — См. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sūs_2"/> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæd_1"/>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Compound from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sūs_2"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">sūs</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">sos</w>
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<q>hollow</q></ref> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæd_1"><w>qæd(æ)</w>
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<q>wood</q></ref>; linden was awarded such an unflattering name because of its loose,
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soft wood; cf. <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-argot"><lang/>
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<w>lipovyj</w> in the meaning <gloss><q>not real</q>, <q>bad</q></gloss></mentioned>.
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Cf. the names of some other trees by the derivation pattern: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fatqæd"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zalǧæd"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fædæǧd"><w>fædæǧd</w> (from <w>fædǧæd</w>)</ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wīsqæd"/>. For the first part cf. also <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">sūsdūr</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">sosdor</w>
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<gloss><q>nostrous, porous stone</q>, <q>pumice stone</q></gloss></mentioned>. —
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<bibl>Ws. <author>Miller</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
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<biblScope>8</biblScope>)</bibl> tended to consider the Ossetic word be borrowed,
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pointing, on the one hand, to <mentioned xml:lang="kv"><lang/>
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<w>sus</w>
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<gloss><q>cedar</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<name>Miller</name> has mistakenly <gloss><q>Erle</q>,
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<q>alder</q></gloss>)</note></mentioned>, on the other — to <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>sos</w>
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<gloss><q>sycamore</q></gloss></mentioned>. Borrowing from Permic languages is
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reasonably disputed by <bibl><author>Sköld</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sköld._Oss.">Oss.</ref>
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<biblScope>9</biblScope>)</bibl> and <bibl><author>Joki</author> (<title>Suomen
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Suku</title>
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<date>1962</date>) <biblScope>XXIII 159</biblScope></bibl>. As for <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>sos</w>
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<gloss><q>sycamore</q></gloss></mentioned>, even here, given the transparency of the
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etymology of the Ossetic word, one can only think of a random consonance or of a common
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Indo-European stem, but not of a borrowing. — See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sūs_2"/>
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and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæd_1"/>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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