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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tas_1</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_tas_1" n="1" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230203T214246+0300" comment="checked Russian"?>
<form xml:id="form_d740e66" type="lemma"><orth>tas</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
<sense n="1">
<sense xml:id="sense_d740e69">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>страх</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>fear</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>боязнь</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>fright</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>ужас</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>horror</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<re>
<form type="lemma"><orth>tæssæj</orth></form>
<sense>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">от страха</q>
</tr>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from fear</q>
</tr>
</sense>
</re>
</sense>
<sense n="2">
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>опасность</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>danger</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>угроза</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>threat</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<re>
<form type="lemma"><orth>tæssag</orth></form>
<sense>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">опасный</q>
</tr>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dangerous</q>
</tr>
</sense>
</re>
<re>
<form type="lemma"><orth>ædas</orth></form>
<sense>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">безопасный</q>
</tr>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">safe</q>
</tr>
</sense>
</re>
<re>
<form type="lemma"><orth>tas ran</orth></form>
<sense>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">опасное место</q>
</tr>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dangerous place</q>
</tr>
</sense>
</re>
<re>
<form type="lemma"><orth>tasy bacæwyn</orth></form>
<sense>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">прийти в ужас</q>
</tr>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">be horrified</q>
</tr>
</sense>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tas ʒy bacyd</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">им овладел страх</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he was overcome with fear</q>
</tr>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
</re>
</sense>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="1">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tærqūsy <oRef>tas</oRef> k˳y bacæwy, zǧoryn
wæd bajdajy</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда зайцем овладевает страх, тогда он
пускается бежать</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when the hare becomes overwhelmed with fear,
then it runs away</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОТ"/>
<biblScope>7</biblScope><hi>₁₉</hi></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>tasæj</oRef> xæxtæ rīzync</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">от страха передо мной дрожат горы</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the mountains tremble with fear before me</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>19</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bīræǧ æmæ ars sæ fyr <oRef>tasæj</oRef>
æbamardysty</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">волк и медведь с перепугу околели</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the wolf and the bear died of fright</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Christ."/>
<biblScope>44</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ ræjd dær īw adæjmaǵy <oRef>tas</oRef>
bawaǧta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">даже его лай наводил страх на человека</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">even its barking was frightening to the man</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
<date>1972</date>
<biblScope>VII 5</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tasy cæstæn myst xox ū</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в глазах страха мышь кажется горой</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in the eyes of fear, the mouse seems like a
mountain</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">proverb; <ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
<biblScope>III 225</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cīw <oRef>tas</oRef> — næ zydta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он не знал, что такое страх</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he didn't know what fear was</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
<date>1973</date>
<biblScope>VI 37</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">lyǧd adæmæn wajtaǧd ajsæftī sæ
<oRef>tas</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у беженцев сразу пропал страх</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the refugees immediately lost their fear</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
<date>1961</date>
<biblScope>I 21</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æmæ fætarstysty styr
<oRef>tasæj</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">и убоялись страхом великим</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">and they were afraid of a great fear</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Марк"/>
<biblScope>4 41</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">oj <oRef>tasæj</oRef> liǧdæncæ
wælarvmæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">от страха перед ним они уносились в небо</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they were carried away into the sky in fear of
him</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
<biblScope>34</biblScope><hi></hi></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ fur <oRef>tæssæj</oRef> ænæzmælgæ sird
ninculdæj xunki arf</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">с перепугу зверь недвижимо съежился глубоко в
норе</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the beast crouched down deep in its burrow with
fright</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
<biblScope>58</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ræwbes dongæroni pixsæj ævast fesqæstæg ūj
<oRef>tæssæj</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">косуля внезапно выскакивает в испуге из
прибрежных кустов</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a roe deer suddenly jumps out of the coastal
bushes in fright</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
<biblScope>62</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="2">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ k˳ystæn sæfynæj næw
<oRef>tas</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нет опасности, что его труд пропадет</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there is no danger that his work will be
lost</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ marʒæ, k˳yrttatag, fīdarmæ dæ bīræ nal
qæwy, ūm dyn <oRef>tas</oRef> nal ū!</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">гей, куртатинец, тебе уже немного нужно (чтобы
добраться) до крепости, там ты (будешь) вне опасности!</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">hey, Kurtatian, you already need a little (to
get) to the fortress, there you (will be) out of danger!</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
<biblScope>123</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nyr nyn tas nal ū</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">теперь мы вне опасности</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">now we are out of danger</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
<biblScope>162</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ ūdæn <oRef>tas</oRef> næw, zæǧync</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">говорят, что его жизни (<q>душе</q>) не
угрожает опасность</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they say that his life (<q>soul</q>) is not in
danger</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>51</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">abon cy mælæty <oRef>tasæj</oRef> fervæzt, ūj
fæstæ jæm card noǵy adǵyndær fækast</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">после той смертельной опасности, от которой он
сегодня спасся, жизнь показалась ему еще слаще</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">after the mortal danger from which he had
escaped today, life seemed even sweeter to him</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
<biblScope>230</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ūj <oRef>tæssag</oRef> dær wydī</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">это и вправду было опасно</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">It really was dangerous</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>68</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ku dæ <oRef>taši</oRef> særi æncojadæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ведь ты в опасности (наша) опора</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">for you are (our) pillar in peril </q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Wadž."/>
<biblScope>22</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Из <w type="rec">tars</w>, к <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tærsyn"><w>tærsyn</w>
<gloss><q>бояться</q></gloss></ref>. Выпадение <c>r</c> — как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_baz"><w>baz</w>
<gloss><q>подушка</q></gloss></ref> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">barziš</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæzgūl"><w>xæzgūl</w>
<gloss><q>любовница</q></gloss></ref> из <w type="rec">xærzgūl</w>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ætdor"><w>ætdor</w></ref>
<gloss><q>кремень</q></gloss> из <w type="rec">ærtdor</w> и др. По образованию <w type="rec">tars</w> относится к <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tærsyn"><w>tærsyn</w></ref>, как, скажем, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tafs"><w>tafs</w>
<gloss><q>согревательная способность</q></gloss></ref> к <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæfsyn"><w>tæfsyn</w>
<gloss><q>греться</q></gloss></ref>. Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>tars</w>
<gloss><q>страх</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>az tars</w>
<gloss><q>от страха</q></gloss></mentioned> = <lang>ос.</lang>
<oRef>tasæj</oRef>, <oRef>tæssæj</oRef>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>tars</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
<w>tars</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>страх</q></gloss></mentioned>. Дальнейшее см. под <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tærsyn"><w>tærsyn</w></ref>. — Неприемлемо сближение <oRef>tas</oRef> с
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_tasyn"><mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
<w>tasyn</w>
<gloss><q>гнуться</q></gloss></mentioned></ref> и с иранской базой <w type="rec">tas-</w>, означающей <gloss><q>утомление</q>, <q>напряжение</q></gloss>
(<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
<date>1956</date>, <biblScope>стр. 123 сл.</biblScope></bibl>). — См. еще <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ædas"><w>ædas</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæssag"><w>tæssag</w></ref>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
<biblScope>58</biblScope><hi>₂₄₄</hi></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
<biblScope>185</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Szemerényi</author>, <title>Die
Sprache</title>
<date>1966</date>
<biblScope>XII 206</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">From <w type="rec">tars</w>, to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tærsyn"><w>tærsyn</w>
<gloss><q>to fear</q></gloss></ref>. The loss of <c>r</c> — as in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_baz"><w>baz</w>
<gloss><q>pillow</q></gloss></ref> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">barziš</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæzgūl"><w>xæzgūl</w>
<gloss><q>lover</q></gloss></ref> from <w type="rec">xærzgūl</w>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ætdor"><w>ætdor</w></ref>
<gloss><q>flint</q></gloss> from <w type="rec">ærtdor</w>, etc. By formation <w type="rec">tars</w> relates to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tærsyn"><w>tærsyn</w></ref>, as, for
example <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tafs"><w>tafs</w>
<gloss><q>warming ability</q></gloss></ref> to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæfsyn"><w>tæfsyn</w>
<gloss><q>to warm up</q></gloss></ref>. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>tars</w>
<gloss><q>fear</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>az tars</w>
<gloss><q>from fear</q></gloss></mentioned> = <lang>Ossetic</lang>
<oRef>tasæj</oRef>, <oRef>tæssæj</oRef>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>tars</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
<w>tars</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>fear</q></gloss></mentioned>. See further under <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tærsyn"><w>tærsyn</w></ref>. — The convergence of <oRef>tas</oRef> with
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_tasyn"><mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
<w>tasyn</w>
<gloss><q>to bend</q></gloss></mentioned></ref> and with the Iranian base <w type="rec">tas-</w>, meaning <gloss><q>fatigue</q>, <q>strain</q></gloss>
(<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
<date>1956</date>, <biblScope>p. 123 w.</biblScope></bibl>). — See also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ædas"><w>ædas</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæssag"><w>tæssag</w></ref>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
<biblScope>58</biblScope><hi>₂₄₄</hi></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
<biblScope>185</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Szemerényi</author>, <title>Die
Sprache</title>
<date>1966</date>
<biblScope>XII 206</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>