427 lines
32 KiB
XML
427 lines
32 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">widon</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_widon" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d3605e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>widon</orth><form type="variant"><orth>idon</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>jidonæ</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3605e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>узда</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>bridle</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>frenum</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>frenum</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xærxidon</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<def xml:lang="ru">вид дорогой узды</def>
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<def xml:lang="en">type of an expensive bridle </def>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(? <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>70</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(? <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>70</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
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</re>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒylar_1"><w>ʒylar</w>
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<gloss><q>недоуздок</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_widaʒ"><w>widaʒ</w>
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<gloss><q>поводья</q></gloss></ref></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒylar_1"><w>ʒylar</w>
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<gloss><q>halter</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_widaʒ"><w>widaʒ</w>
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<gloss><q>reins</q></gloss></ref></note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">isk˳y k˳y ’rfīstæg waj, wæd dyn dæ bæxy
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<oRef>widonyl</oRef> fæxæcʒynæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">если ты где-либо спешишься, я подержу твоего
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коня за узду</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">if you dismount somewhere, I'll hold your
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horse's bridle</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>100</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ bæx tærsag ū æmæ dyn jæ <oRef>widon</oRef>
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k˳y atona, wæd ma cæwyl fæxæcʒynæ?</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мой конь пуглив, и если он вырвет у тебя узду,
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за что ты тогда ухватишься?</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">my horse is fearful, and if he wrests a bridle
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from you, what will you seize?</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>100</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">radtoj jæm (zærondmæ)
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<oRef>idon</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">дали ему (старику) узду</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(they) gave him (an old man) a bridle</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">обряд
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посвящения коня покойнику; </note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">the rite of
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dedication of the horse to the deceased; </note><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>68</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ajs mæ sawloxag æd sarǧ, æd
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<oRef>widon</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">возьми моего <foreign><ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawlox">шавлоховского</ref></foreign> коня с седлом, с
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уздечкой</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">take my <foreign><ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawlox">sawlox</ref></foreign> horse with the saddle, with the
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bridle</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>50</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">uwynʒæntyl... jæ jæxs, <oRef>idon</oRef>,
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ævzīstgopp sarǧ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на вешалках его плеть, узда, седло с
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серебряными луками</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">on his hangers (there are) his whip, the
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bridle, the saddle with silver pommels</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Хар._Кадӕг"/>
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<biblScope>15</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bæxtæ rawaǧta <oRef>ædidænttæ </oRef>æma
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ædsærǧtæ wæǧdæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">коней он с уздечками и седлами пустил (пастись)
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на свободе</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">horses with bridles and saddles he released (to
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graze) on the loose</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>2</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bæxi <oRef>idonæbæl</oRef> xwæcun næ
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bafærazta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он не смог удержать коня за узду</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he couldn't control a horse by a bridle</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>4</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>idænttæ</oRef>, særǧtæ, dumetong æncæ
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ævzestæj fur eftong</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">уздечки, седла, хвостовой ремень обильно
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украшены серебром</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bridles, saddles, a tail strap are amply
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decorated with silver</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ræfton xor ǧazuj sæ idænttæbæl</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">полуденное солнце играет на (серебре) их
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уздечек</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the midday sun plays on (silver of) their
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bridles</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
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<biblScope>58<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">182</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Gaguʒ imæ <oRef>idonæ</oRef> badardta, æma si
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bæx æxwædæg æ sær bakodta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Гагудз протянул ей (лошади) уздечку, и лошадь
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сама вложила в нее голову</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Gagudz handed a bridle to she (a horse), and
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she put her head in it by herself</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<date>1958</date>
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<biblScope>III 25</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Слова <oRef/>
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<gloss><q>узда</q></gloss> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_widaʒ"><w>widaʒ</w>
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<gloss><q>поводья</q></gloss></ref> восходят соответственно к <w type="rec">wi-dā-na-</w> и <w type="rec">wi-dā-ti-</w>, содержат корень <w type="rec">dā</w>, и.е.
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<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">dhē</w>
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<gloss><q>класть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>устанавливать</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>надевать</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр., и означают буквально <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">надетое</q></gloss> (кстати, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>на-де-ть</w></mentioned> заключает тот же корень <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">dhē</w></mentioned>). Иранские формы восходят частью к <w type="rec">wi-dā-na-</w>, частью к <w type="rec">abi-dā-na-</w> (<w type="rec">ābi-dā-nī-</w>),
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частью к <w type="rec">dā-na-</w>: <mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>viδūn</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._Shughni"/>
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<biblScope>83</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Пахалина_Сар."/>
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<biblScope>32</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>avδen</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
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<w>daana</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
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<w>dāna</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Пахалина"/>
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<biblScope>193</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ydg" extralang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>avlān</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wne"><lang/>
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<w>avlān</w></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Elfenbein</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Arch._Or."/>
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<date>1967</date>
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<biblScope>XXXV 589</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>mlūna</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
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<biblScope>44</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ªrδān</w> (<w>βδ’’nh</w>)</mentioned> (<bibl><author>Benveniste</author>,
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<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JA"/>
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<date>1933</date>, <biblScope>стр. 241</biblScope>, <date>1936</date>, <biblScope>стр.
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227, прим.</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
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<w>aβzān</w></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Henning</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_HO"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>13</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning-MacKenzie"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>12</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>byāna-</w></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Dresden</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>III 238</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>aiwiδāna-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>узда</q></gloss>, <w>zaranyō-aiwiδāna-</w></mentioned> = ос. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>zærīn-widon</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">с золотой (отделанной золотом)
|
|||
|
|
уздечкой</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
(<bibl><?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20230518T120324+0300" comment="нет источника в списке ref"?><title>Yt.</title><?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>VIII 18</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>abhidhānī-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>узда</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>недоуздок</q></gloss></mentioned>.
|
|||
|
|
<name>Hübschmann</name> и <name>Вс. Миллер</name> сближали ос. <oRef/> непосредственно с
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>aiwiδāna-</w></mentioned>. Но, как справедливо отметил <name>Benveniste</name>, из <w type="rec">abidāna-</w> имели бы ос. <w type="rec">ævdon</w> (или <w type="rec">īvdon</w>), но не <oRef/>.<hi rendition="#rend_superscript">1</hi>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="footnote"><name>Bailey</name> допускает, что в данном случае <c>wi-</c>,
|
|||
|
|
<c>i-</c> в <oRef/>, <oRef>idon</oRef> восходит к <c>abi-</c> (<bibl><title>Ноmmages à
|
|||
|
|
Dumézil</title>. <pubPlace>Bruxelles</pubPlace>, <date>1960</date>, <biblScope>стр.
|
|||
|
|
11</biblScope></bibl>). Но есть ли еще хоть один случай такого развития в
|
|||
|
|
осетинском?</note> Вместе с тем <bibl><author>Benveniste</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>14</biblScope>)</bibl> ошибочно отделяет <oRef/> от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_widaʒ"/>, возводя последнее к <w type="rec">vitāča-</w>. Широкий спектр
|
|||
|
|
значений глагольной базы <m>dā-</m>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>dhā-</m></mentioned> породил аналогичные по образованию, но различные по значению
|
|||
|
|
слова — <gloss><q>седло</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">то, что
|
|||
|
|
наложено</q></gloss>), <gloss><q>потолок</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">то, что покрывает</q></gloss>),
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>шатер</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">то, что
|
|||
|
|
поставлено</q></gloss>), <gloss><q>название</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">то, что прикреплено к предмету</q></gloss>): <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>biδān</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>седло</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Зарубин._Шугн."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>111</biblScope></bibl>. — Ср.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 282</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>wiδūn</w>, <w>wiδūm</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>потолок</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Morgensterne</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JA"/>
|
|||
|
|
<date>1961</date>, <biblScope>стр. 243</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Зарубин._Шугн."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>257</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>byāna</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>узда</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>wiyān</w>, <w>widan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>widān</m></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>gidan</m>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>шатер</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSL"/>
|
|||
|
|
<date>1958</date>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>I 65 сл.</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_NTS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<date>1932</date>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>V 44</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Hansen</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AO"/>
|
|||
|
|
<date>1966</date>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>XXX 98—99</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>aiwiδāti-</m></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>abhidhāna-</m>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>название</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>имя</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. также по
|
|||
|
|
образованию <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>abhidhā-</m>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>запрягать</q></gloss>, <w>vidhāna-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>управляющий</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>направляющий</q></gloss>, <w>vidha-</w> в
|
|||
|
|
значении <gloss><q>legen auf</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>hinstellen</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_PW"/></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>vidā-</m> в сочетании <phr>vidātō hištaiti</phr>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">er steht festgefügt da</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
(<bibl><author>Humbach</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<date>1955</date>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>VII 71</biblScope></bibl>). — Вся терминология конской сбруи в осетинском
|
|||
|
|
относится к исконному иранскому наследию: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_widaʒ"><w>widaʒ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>поводья</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sarǧ"><w>sarǧ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>седло</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æxtong"><w>æxtong</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>подпруга</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dymītong"><w>dymītong</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>хвостовой ремень</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æǧdyncoj"><w>æǧdæncoj</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>стремя</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zǧællagkom"><w>zǧællagkom</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>удила</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_jæxs"><w>jæxs</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>плеть</q></gloss></ref>. С этим согласуются и данные скифо-сарматской
|
|||
|
|
археологии; см., например: <bibl><author>Ильинская</author>. <title>Скифы днепровского
|
|||
|
|
лесостепного Левобережья</title>. <pubPlace>Киев</pubPlace>, <date>1968</date>,
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>стр. 103—136 (раздел <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Конское
|
|||
|
|
снаряжение</q>, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Узда</q>, с
|
|||
|
|
рисунками</biblScope></bibl>). <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>32</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>III 186</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>13</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Szemerényi</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KZ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<date>1959</date>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>LXXVI 71—74</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>308</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="en">The words <oRef/>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>bridle</q></gloss> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_widaʒ"><w>widaʒ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>reins</q></gloss></ref> go respectively back to <w type="rec">wi-dā-na-</w>
|
|||
|
|
and <w type="rec">wi-dā-ti-</w>, and contain the root <w type="rec">dā</w>, Indo-European
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">dhē</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>put</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>set</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>put
|
|||
|
|
on</q></gloss></mentioned> etc., and mean literally <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">something that is put on</q></gloss> (by the way,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>na-de-t'</w></mentioned> contains the same root <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">dhē</w></mentioned>). The Iranian forms go partly back to <w type="rec">wi-dā-na-</w>, partly to <w type="rec">abi-dā-na-</w> (<w type="rec">ābi-dā-nī-</w>),
|
|||
|
|
partly to <w type="rec">dā-na-</w>: <mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>viδūn</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._Shughni"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>83</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Пахалина_Сар."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>32</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>avδen</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>daana</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>dāna</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Пахалина"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>193</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ydg" extralang="mnj"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>avlān</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wne"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>avlān</w></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Elfenbein</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Arch._Or."/>
|
|||
|
|
<date>1967</date>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>XXXV 589</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>mlūna</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>44</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">ªrδān</w> (<w>βδ’’nh</w>)</mentioned> (<bibl><author>Benveniste</author>,
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JA"/>
|
|||
|
|
<date>1933</date>, <biblScope>p. 241</biblScope>, <date>1936</date>, <biblScope>p. 227,
|
|||
|
|
note</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>aβzān</w></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Henning</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_HO"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>13</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning-MacKenzie"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>12</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>byāna-</w></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Dresden</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>III 238</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>aiwiδāna-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>bridle</q></gloss>, <w>zaranyō-aiwiδāna-</w></mentioned> = Ossetic <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>zærīn-widon</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">with a golden (decorated with gold)
|
|||
|
|
bridle</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
(<bibl><?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20230518T120324+0300" comment="нет источника в списке ref"?><title>Yt.</title><?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>VIII 18</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>abhidhānī-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>bridle</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>halter</q></gloss></mentioned>.
|
|||
|
|
<name>Hübschmann</name> and <name>Ws. Miller</name> brought Ossetic <oRef/> directly
|
|||
|
|
closer to <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>aiwiδāna-</w></mentioned>. However, as rightly noted by <name>Benveniste</name>, from
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">abidāna-</w> we would get Ossetic <w type="rec">ævdon</w> (or <w type="rec">īvdon</w>), but not <oRef/>.<note type="footnote"><name>Bailey</name> admits
|
|||
|
|
that in this case <c>wi-</c>, <c>i-</c> in <oRef/>, <oRef>idon</oRef> goes back to
|
|||
|
|
<c>abi-</c> (<bibl><title>Ноmmages à Dumézil</title>. <pubPlace>Bruxelles</pubPlace>,
|
|||
|
|
<date>1960</date>, <biblScope>p. 11</biblScope></bibl>). But does at least one more
|
|||
|
|
case of such development exist in Ossetic?</note> At the same time,
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><author>Benveniste</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>14</biblScope>)</bibl> mistakenly separates <oRef/> from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_widaʒ"/>, tracing the last one to <w type="rec">vitāča-</w>. The wide
|
|||
|
|
range of meanings of the verbal base <m>dā-</m>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>dhā-</m></mentioned> spawned the words similar in derivation, but different in
|
|||
|
|
meaning: <gloss><q>saddle</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">something
|
|||
|
|
that is put on</q></gloss>), <gloss><q>ceiling</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">something that covers</q></gloss>),
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>tent</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">something that is
|
|||
|
|
set</q></gloss>), <gloss><q>name</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">something that is fixed to an object</q></gloss>): <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>biδān</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>saddle</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Зарубин._Шугн."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>111</biblScope></bibl>. — Cf.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 282</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>wiδūn</w>, <w>wiδūm</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>ceiling</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Morgensterne</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JA"/>
|
|||
|
|
<date>1961</date>, <biblScope>p. 243</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Зарубин._Шугн."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>257</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>byāna</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>bridle</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>wiyān</w>, <w>widan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>widān</m></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>gidan</m>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>tent</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSL"/>
|
|||
|
|
<date>1958</date>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>I 65 ff.</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_NTS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<date>1932</date>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>V 44</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Hansen</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AO"/>
|
|||
|
|
<date>1966</date>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>XXX 98—99</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>aiwiδāti-</m></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>abhidhāna-</m>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>title</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>name</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. also the
|
|||
|
|
derivation of <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>abhidhā-</m>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>harness</q></gloss>, <w>vidhāna-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>directing</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>guiding</q></gloss>, <w>vidha-</w> in the
|
|||
|
|
meaning <gloss><q>legen auf</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>hinstellen</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_PW"/></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>vidā-</m> in the expression <phr>vidātō hištaiti</phr>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">er steht festgefügt da</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
(<bibl><author>Humbach</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<date>1955</date>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>VII 71</biblScope></bibl>). — All the terminology that refers to the horse
|
|||
|
|
harness in Ossetic belongs to the original Iranian heritage: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_widaʒ"><w>widaʒ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>reins</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sarǧ"><w>sarǧ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>saddle</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æxtong"><w>æxtong</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>(saddle-)girth</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dymītong"><w>dymītong</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>tail strap</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æǧdyncoj"><w>æǧdæncoj</w>
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<gloss><q>stirrup</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zǧællagkom"><w>zǧællagkom</w>
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<gloss><q>bit</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_jæxs"><w>jæxs</w>
|
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<gloss><q>lash</q></gloss></ref>. The data of the Scythian-Sarmatian archeology are in
|
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the line with that; see, for instance: <bibl><author>Il'inskaja</author>. <title>Skify
|
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|
|
dneprovskogo lesostepnogo Levoberež'ja</title> [<title>The Scythians of Dnieper
|
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|
|
forest-steppe Left-Bank</title>]. <pubPlace>Kiev</pubPlace>, <date>1968</date>,
|
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|
<biblScope>p. 103—136 (the section <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Konskoje
|
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|
|
snarjaženie</q> [<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Horse harness</q>], <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Uzda</q> [<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Bridle</q>], with pictures</biblScope></bibl>). <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
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<biblScope>32</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
|
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<biblScope>III 186</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
|
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<biblScope>13</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Szemerényi</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KZ"/>
|
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|
|
<date>1959</date>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>LXXVI 71—74</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary"/>
|
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|
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<biblScope>308</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
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|
|
</entry>
|
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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