235 lines
18 KiB
XML
235 lines
18 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xæfs</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_xæfs" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231024T202737+0300" comment="Russian checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d612e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>xæfs</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>xæfsæ</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>лягушка</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>frog</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231024T202257+0300" comment="В англ. поставить тэг foreign (это латинский термин для рода лягушек)"?>Rana<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q><foreign><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231024T202257+0300" comment="В англ. поставить тэг foreign (это латинский термин для рода лягушек)"?>Rana<?oxy_comment_end ?></foreign></q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>wærtǵyn xæfs</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">черепаха</q>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">лягушка со щитом</q>)</note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">лягушка со щитом</q>)</note>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">turtle</q>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">shielded frog</q>)</note>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ūs læwʒæn xībaræj, kalmy cʼaræj jyl
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q˳yrbæddæn, <oRef>xæfsy</oRef> cʼaræj ūsyl særbæddæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">женщина будет стоять одиноко, из змеиной чешуи
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на ней шейная повязка, из кожицы лягушки на женщине косынка</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a woman will stand alone, of snake scales she
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will wear a neckband, of frog skin she will wear a headscarf</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">из картин
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загробного мира</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">from the afterlife
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paintings</note>; <ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>73</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">arǧawy īw ḱyzg cʼyfʒasty <oRef>xæfs</oRef>
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læg festyn kodta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в сказке одна девушка превратила болотную
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лягушку в мужчину</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in a fairy tale, a girl turned a swamp frog
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into a man</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>11</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>xæfs</oRef> sarǧæj ralæstī æmæ festadī
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ḱyzg — arvy rūxs, zæxxy fīdawc</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">лягушка выползла из седла и превратилась в
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девушку — свет неба, красу земли</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the frog crawled out of the saddle and turned
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into a girl, the light of the sky, the beauty of the earth</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>188</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>xæfsæn</oRef> jæ læppyn — xūry
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tyn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">для лягушки ее детеныш — (как) солнечный
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луч</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">for a frog, his cub is like a ray of
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sunshine</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">поговорка</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">proverb</note>
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<ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>III 228</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>xæfsæj</oRef> ræwægdær ū</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он проворнее лягушки</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he's quicker than a frog</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">в шутку о
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нерасторопном</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">as a joke about a
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sluggish</note>; <ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>III 228</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kalmi komæj <oRef>xæfsæ</oRef>
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bajston</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">из пасти змеи я вырвал лягушку</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from the snake's mouth I plucked a frog</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">из заговора
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против падежа скота</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">from the plot against
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cattle mutilations</note>; <ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 172</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">kasyapa-</w></mentioned> через ступени: <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">kášapa-</w></mentioned> → <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">kašpa-</w></mentioned> → <oRef>xæfsæ</oRef>. В отношении звукового развития ср.
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название горчицы в некоторых иранских языках — <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">šišap-</w> → <w type="rec">šišp</w> → <w type="rec">šišf</w>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><author>Henning</author>. <title>A Grain of Mustard</title>.
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<publisher>AION</publisher>
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<date>1965</date>
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<biblScope>VI 35—36</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, а также <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hazahra-</w></mentioned> → <w type="rec">ázara-</w> → <w type="rec">æzra</w> → <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærzæ"><w>ærzæ</w>
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<gloss><q>тысяча</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
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<biblScope>186—187</biblScope></bibl>)</note></ref>. В других индоиранских языках
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означает <gloss><q>черепаха</q></gloss>: <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>kašaf</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>kašp</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>kašf</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>черепаха</q>, также созвездие Рака</gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">kašavak</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="pal"><w>kšwk</w></mentioned>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
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<w>kasabaka</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>kāšib</w></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>kašap</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><w>kašp</w></mentioned></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>khuysaa</w>
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<note type="comment">(из <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><w type="rec">xafsaka-</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
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<w>ksb</w>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._Khwar."/>
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<biblScope>12</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">kēšªp</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>kyšph</w></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>kasyapa-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>kaśyapa-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>kaččhapa-</w></mentioned></mentioned>. О соотношении древнеиндийских форм и их
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этимологии см.: <bibl><author>Charpentier</author>. <time>Beiträge zur indischen
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Wortkunde</time>. <biblScope>MO XXVI—XXVIII 109—111</biblScope></bibl>. — Черепаха
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именуется в осетинском <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">лягушкой со щитом</q>,
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<oRef>wærtǵyn xæfs</oRef>; ср. по семантике <mentioned xml:lang="av"><lang/>
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<w>qverq</w>
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<gloss><q>лягушка</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="av"><w>cʼiliqverq</w>
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<gloss><q>черепаха</q> = <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">лягушкой с хрящом (<mentioned xml:lang="av"><w>cʼil</w></mentioned>)</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Случайно ли
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созвучны с ос. <oRef>xæfs</oRef> названия рыбы в некоторых дагестанских языках даргинской
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группы:
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231024T202728+0300" comment="NB: в кубачинском, аштынском ʁʷabž, возможно, у Абаева неточно"?><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="dar"><w>xavš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="dar"><w>kavš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="dar"><w>gavš</w></mentioned>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Услар"/>
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<biblScope>V 323</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Munkácsi._ÁKE"/>
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<biblScope>409</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>?<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/>
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<biblScope>30</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary"/>
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<biblScope>75</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>51, 333</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Derived from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">kasyapa-</w></mentioned> through the stages: <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">kášapa-</w></mentioned> → <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">kašpa-</w></mentioned> → <oRef>xæfsæ</oRef>. With regard to sound development, cf. the
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name of mustard in some Iranian languages: <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">šišap-</w> → <w type="rec">šišp</w> → <w type="rec">šišf</w>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><author>Henning</author>. <title>A Grain of Mustard</title>.
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<publisher>AION</publisher>
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<date>1965</date>
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<biblScope>VI 35—36</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, as well as <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hazahra-</w></mentioned> → <w type="rec">ázara-</w> → <w type="rec">æzra</w> → <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærzæ"><w>ærzæ</w>
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<gloss><q>thousand</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
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<biblScope>186—187</biblScope></bibl>)</note></ref>. In other Indo-Iranian languages
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it means <gloss><q>turtle</q></gloss>: <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>kašaf</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>kašp</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>kašf</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>turtle</q>, also constellation of Cancer</gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">kašavak</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="pal"><w>kšwk</w></mentioned>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
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<w>kasabaka</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>kāšib</w></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>kašap</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><w>kašp</w></mentioned></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>khuysaa</w>
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<note type="comment">(from <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><w type="rec">xafsaka-</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
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<w xml:lang="xco">ksb</w>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._Khwar."/>
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<biblScope>12</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">kēšªp</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>kyšph</w></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
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<w>kasyapa-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
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<w>kaśyapa-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>kaččhapa-</w></mentioned></mentioned>. On the relation of the Old Indian forms and
|
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|
|
their etymology, see: <bibl><author>Charpentier</author>. <time>Beiträge zur indischen
|
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|
|
Wortkunde</time>. <biblScope>MO XXVI—XXVIII 109—111</biblScope></bibl>. — The turtle
|
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is called in Ossetic <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">shielded frog</q>, <oRef>wærtǵyn
|
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xæfs</oRef>; cf. semantically <mentioned xml:lang="av"><lang/>
|
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|
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<w>qverq</w>
|
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<gloss><q>frog</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="av"><w>cʼiliqverq</w>
|
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|
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<gloss><q>turtle</q> = <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">cartilaginous (<mentioned xml:lang="av"><w>cʼil</w></mentioned>) frog</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Is it
|
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|
|
accidental that the names of fishes in some Daghestanian languages of the Dargwa group are
|
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|
|
concordant with Ossetic <oRef>xæfs</oRef>:
|
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|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231024T202728+0300" comment="NB: в кубачинском, аштынском ʁʷabž, возможно, у Абаева неточно"?><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="dar"><w>xavš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="dar"><w>kavš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="dar"><w>gavš</w></mentioned>
|
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|
|
<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Услар"/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>V 323</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Munkácsi._ÁKE"/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>409</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>?<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>30</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>75</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>51, 333</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
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|
|
</body>
|
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|
|
</text>
|
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|
|
</TEI>
|