425 lines
33 KiB
XML
425 lines
33 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xælaf</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_xælaf" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231024T210727+0300" comment="Russian checked + English"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d3729e66" type="lemma"><orth>xælaf</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3729e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>штаны</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>trousers</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xælajfag</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">материал на штаны</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fabric for trousers</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xælafy kʼax</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">штанина</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">trouser leg</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. Женские штаны эвфемистически зовутся <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>wærangæmbærzæn</w>
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<gloss><q>покров для колен</q></gloss></mentioned>, ср. <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>Beinkleid</w></mentioned></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. Women’s trousers are euphemistically called <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>wærangæmbærzæn</w>
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<gloss><q>knee cover</q></gloss></mentioned>, cf. <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>Beinkleid</w></mentioned></note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæmændær jæ nyværzænæj jæ ʒawmatæ adavta
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swang <oRef>xælafy</oRef> ong</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у кого-то он украл из изголовья одежду вплоть
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до штанов</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he stole from someone’s bedhead clothes down to
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the pants</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>153</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fydy ūs jæxī læppūjæn ʒeabæx ʒawma, sīʒæræn
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ta cærmyn <oRef>xælaf</oRef> mīdq˳ynæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мачеха собственного сына (одевала) в хорошую
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одежду, а сироте — овчинные штаны шерстью внутрь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the stepmother (dressed) her own son in good
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clothes, but the orphan, in sheepskin trousers fur inside</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">из
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фольклорного архива Сев.-Осет. научно-исслед. инст., папка 114, тетрадь 2, стр.
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200</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">from the folklore archive of the North
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Ossetian Research Institute, folder 114, book 2, p. 200</note>; excerpt by A.
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<author>Biazrov</author></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dywwæ-ūson — dyvydon, ærtæ-ūson —
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<oRef>ænæxælaf</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">двоеженец (имеет) две беды, троеженец
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(остается) без штанов</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the bigamist (has) two woes, the trigamist
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(will be left) without trousers</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">поговорка</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">saying</note>; <ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>III 203</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…fælæ jyn jæ nog <oRef>xælafæj</oRef> kʼæbys
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atydta gæppæl</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…но щенок оторвал лоскут от его новых
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штанов</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…but the puppy tore off a shred from his new
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trousers</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Хар._Уац."/>
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<biblScope>142</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæxī ajdaǧ xædony æmæ <oRef>xælafy</oRef>
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nywwaǧta…; læppū jyn jæ astæwbos fækʼæpp kodta æmae <oRef/> ærxawdī</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он остался в одной рубахе и штанах…; юноша
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перерезал ему учкур, и штаны упали</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he remained in just a shirt and trousers…; the
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boy cut his drawstring, and the trousers fell down</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 263</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ xojy bajjæfta <oRef>ænæxælafæj</oRef>
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badgæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">свою сестру она застала сидящей без штанов</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">she caught her sister sitting without
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trousers</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>101—102</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Buri jæ fæsmyn <oRef>xælafy</oRef> ʒyppæj
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sīsta rast mustuḱʼījy jas ḱʼīw</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Бури достал из кармана шерстяных штанов (кусок)
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жевательной смолы величиной точно с кулак</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Buri took out from the pocket of his wool
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trousers (a piece of) chewing gum the perfect size of a fist</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<date>1957</date>
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<biblScope>III 28</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">k˳yʒ æj asyrdta æmæ jyn jæ
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<oRef>xælafy</oRef> syʒæg atydta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">собака погналась за ним и оторвала у него мотню
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штанов</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the dog chased him and tore off the
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231106T144114+0300" comment="мотня (у шаровар)"?>side<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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of his trousers</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<date>1957</date>
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<biblScope>III 41</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(k˳yʒ yn) jæ <oRef>xælafy</oRef> kʼaxy jæ
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cyrǧ dændægtæ acavta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(собака ему) всадила свои острые зубы в
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штанину</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(the dog) inserted its sharp teeth into his
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trouser leg</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<date>1956</date>
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<biblScope>V 12</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">balxænʒynæn dyn xædojnægtæ,
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<oRef>xælajfægtæ</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">накуплю тебе материала на рубахи, штаны</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I will buy you fabric for shirts, trousers</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>19</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Этимологию этого важного культурного слова дал 140 лет назад не кто
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иной, как один из основоположников сравнительно-исторического языкознания и родоначальник
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этимологии как науки — <bibl>August <author>Pott</author> (<note type="comment">к
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лингвистической классике относится его труд:</note>
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<title>Etymologische Forschungen auf dem Gebiete der Indogermanischen Sprachen,
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I—II</title>. <publisher>Lemgo</publisher>, <biblScope>1833—1836</biblScope></bibl>).
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<name>Pott</name> сопоставил ос. <oRef>xælaf</oRef> с <mentioned><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="rom"><lang>цыган.</lang>
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<w>xolov</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="rom"><w>xolluf</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>штаны</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="rom"><w>xallova</w>
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<gloss><q>чулки</q></gloss></mentioned></mentioned> (<bibl><title>Die Zigeuner in
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Europa und Asien, I—II</title>. <publisher>Ethnographisch-linguistische Untersuchung,
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vornehmlich ihrer Herkunft und Sprache</publisher>. <pubPlace>Halle</pubPlace>,
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<date>1844—1845</date>, <biblScope>zweiter Teil: Wörterbuch, стр. 169, s. v.
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<w>Chólov</w></biblScope></bibl>). Осетинское слово <name>Pott</name> нашел в книге:
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<bibl><author>Klaproth</author>. <title>Asia Polyglotta</title>. <date>1823</date>,
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<biblScope>стр. 92</biblScope></bibl>. — Цыганское слово ведет, со своей стороны, к
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<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>kalāpa</w>
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<gloss><q>колчан</q>, <q>пояс</q>, также <q>украшение</q>, <q>павлиний
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хвост</q></gloss></mentioned>. Исходное значение <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">надетое</q> сделало это странствующее слово пригодным для обозначения разных частей
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одежды, в том числе и штанов, а также материала на одежду. На иранской почве:
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<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>kalāf</w>
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<gloss><q>моток</q>, <q>путы (лошади)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>kalāf kardan</w>
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<gloss><q>стреноживать лошадь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>kalāfa</w>
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<gloss><q>сеть</q>, <q>сетка</q>, <q>сетчатая ткань</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Рубинчик"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 338</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; в другой диалектной среде
|
|||
|
|
это же слово дало <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kulāh</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>karapči</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>кожаный пояс</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 34</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. В славянских:
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>халява</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>холява</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>голенище</q>, <q>штанина</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="uk"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>холява</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>cholewa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="wen"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kholowa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wen"><w>cholowa</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>штанина</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wen"><w>cholowy</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>штаны</q></gloss></mentioned></mentioned>;<note type="footnote"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/> (<biblScope>III 259</biblScope>)</bibl>: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Unklar</q>. <bibl><author>Мартынов</author></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
реконструирует <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="sla"><?oxy_comment_start author="Artyom" timestamp="20230530T014720+0300" comment="Это какой из наших атрибутов?" id="osm_qkj_fzb" flag="done"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231024T210449+0300" parentID="osm_qkj_fzb" comment="это слав." flag="done" mid="3"?><lang>праслав.</lang><?oxy_comment_end ?><?oxy_comment_end mid="3"?>
|
|||
|
|
<w>*xolъ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>обмотка</q></gloss></mentioned> и сопоставляет <mentioned xml:lang="ang"><?oxy_comment_start author="Artyom" timestamp="20230530T014900+0300" comment="А это?" id="l5j_rkj_fzb"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231024T210505+0300" parentID="l5j_rkj_fzb" comment="мне кажется у него в других томах был "англос."" mid="5"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231024T210640+0300" parentID="l5j_rkj_fzb" comment="хотя там ниже есть и англос. не знаю, одно ли это и то же" mid="6"?><lang>др.англ.</lang><?oxy_comment_end ?><?oxy_comment_end mid="5"?><?oxy_comment_end mid="6"?>
|
|||
|
|
<w>hulu</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>шелуха</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>helawa</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>овсяная мякина</q> и пр.</gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<bibl><title>Славянская и индоевропейская аккомодация</title>.
|
|||
|
|
<pubPlace>Минск</pubPlace>, <date>1968</date>, <biblScope>стр.
|
|||
|
|
111—112</biblScope></bibl>).</note></mentioned></note> сюда же, может быть,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang>русск.</lang>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(диал.)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<w>харапай</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><w>харпай</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><w>харапаль</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>армяк</q>, <q>зипун</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><w>хлапик</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>заплатка</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. В <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang>венгерском:</lang>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kalap</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>шляпа</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang>Др.инд.</lang>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kalāpa-</w></mentioned> следует, вероятно, делить <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>ka-lāpa-</w></mentioned></mentioned>, где первая часть — приставка, а вторая
|
|||
|
|
отражает индоевропейскую базу <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">lep-</w> ||
|
|||
|
|
<w>*leb-</w></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>λῶπος</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><w>λώπη</w></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="grc"><w>λώπιον</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>одежда</q>, <q>плащ</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>lōf</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>лобная повязка</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>lap</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>пола</q>, <q>подол</q>, <q>фалда</q>, <q>складка
|
|||
|
|
одежды</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Lappen</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>тряпка</q>, <q>лоскут</q>, <q>лохмотья</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/><w>lōpas</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>тряпка</q>, <q>заплата</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>лапоть</w></mentioned> и пр. <note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>655 sq., 678</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Falk-Torp"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>623 sq.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — В осетинском отмечено
|
|||
|
|
еще одно бродячее слово этого же семантического круга, восходящее на этот раз не к
|
|||
|
|
древнеиндийскому, а к латинскому. Оно также является общим достоянием осетинского,
|
|||
|
|
цыганского и славянских. Мы имеем в виду <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kʼalca</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>штаны</q>, <q>брюки</q>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(на языке охотников)</note></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Сл."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 712</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="it"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>calza</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>чулок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="it"><w>calzoni</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>брюки</q>, <q>штаны</q></gloss></mentioned></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(из ит.)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<w>caleçon</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(из фр.)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<w>кальсоны</w></mentioned>, к <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>calcea</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>чулок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="it"><w>calceus</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>обувь</q>, <q>башмак</q></gloss></mentioned></mentioned>; сюда <mentioned xml:lang="rom"><lang>цыган.</lang>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kaltsy</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>штаны</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="sh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>хлäча</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>чулок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sh"><w>хлäчае</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>штаны</q></gloss></mentioned></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="sl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>hlača</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sl"><w>hlače</w></mentioned></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="uk"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>холошi</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>штаны</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Как часто бывает со странствующими терминами,
|
|||
|
|
пути и даты их передвижения трудно установить с точностью.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="en">The etymology of this important cultural term was given 140 years ago by
|
|||
|
|
none other than one of the founders of comparative historical linguistics and the
|
|||
|
|
originator of etymology as a science, <bibl>August <author>Pott</author> (<note type="comment">one of his works is a linguistic classic:</note>
|
|||
|
|
<title>Etymologische Forschungen auf dem Gebiete der Indogermanischen Sprachen,
|
|||
|
|
I—II</title>. <publisher>Lemgo</publisher>, <biblScope>1833—1836</biblScope></bibl>).
|
|||
|
|
<name>Pott</name> compared Ossetic <oRef>xælaf</oRef> to
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="rom"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>xolov</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="rom"><w>xolluf</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>trousers</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="rom"><w>xallova</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>stockings</q></gloss></mentioned></mentioned> (<bibl><title>Die Zigeuner in
|
|||
|
|
Europa und Asien, I—II</title>. <publisher>Ethnographisch-linguistische Untersuchung,
|
|||
|
|
vornehmlich ihrer Herkunft und Sprache</publisher>. <pubPlace>Halle</pubPlace>,
|
|||
|
|
<date>1844—1845</date>, <biblScope>zweiter Teil: Wörterbuch, стр. 169, s. v.
|
|||
|
|
<w>Chólov</w></biblScope></bibl>). <name>Pott</name> found the Ossetic word in the
|
|||
|
|
book: <bibl><author>Klaproth</author>. <title>Asia Polyglotta</title>. <date>1823</date>,
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>p. 92</biblScope></bibl>. — In its turn, the Romani word leads to
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kalāpa</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>quiver</q>, <q>belt</q>, also <q>decoration</q>, <q>peacock
|
|||
|
|
tail</q></gloss></mentioned>. The original meaning <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">one
|
|||
|
|
that is worn</q> made this Wanderwort applicable to different parts of clothing,
|
|||
|
|
including trousers, and also clothing material. In Iranian: <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kalāf</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>skein</q>, <q>hobble (of a horse)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>kalāf kardan</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>to hobble a horse</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>kalāfa</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>net</q>, <q>netting</q>, <q>mesh fabric</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Рубинчик"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 338</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; in another dialectal
|
|||
|
|
environment this word has given <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kulāh</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>karapči</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>leather belt</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 34</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. In Slavic:
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>xaljava</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>xoljava</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>bootleg</q>, <q>trouser leg</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="uk"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>xoljava</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>cholewa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="wen"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kholowa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wen"><w>cholowa</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>trouser leg</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wen"><w>cholowy</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>trousers</q></gloss></mentioned></mentioned>;<note type="footnote"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/> (<biblScope>III
|
|||
|
|
259</biblScope>)</bibl>: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Unklar</q>.
|
|||
|
|
<name>Martynov</name> reconstructs <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="sla"><?oxy_comment_start author="Artyom" timestamp="20230530T014720+0300" comment="Это какой из наших атрибутов?" id="osm_qkj_fzb" flag="done"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231024T210449+0300" parentID="osm_qkj_fzb" comment="это слав." flag="done" mid="8"?><lang>Proto-Slavic</lang><?oxy_comment_end ?><?oxy_comment_end mid="8"?>
|
|||
|
|
<w>*xolъ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>puttee</q></gloss></mentioned> and compares it with <mentioned xml:lang="ang"><?oxy_comment_start author="Artyom" timestamp="20230530T014900+0300" comment="А это?" id="l5j_rkj_fzb"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231024T210505+0300" parentID="l5j_rkj_fzb" comment="мне кажется у него в других томах был "англос."" mid="10"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231024T210640+0300" parentID="l5j_rkj_fzb" comment="хотя там ниже есть и англос. не знаю, одно ли это и то же" mid="11"?><lang/><?oxy_comment_end ?><?oxy_comment_end mid="10"?><?oxy_comment_end mid="11"?>
|
|||
|
|
<w>hulu</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>husk</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>helawa</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>oat chaff</q> etc.</gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<bibl><title>Slavjanskaja i indoevropejskaja
|
|||
|
|
akkomodacija</title> [Slavic and Indo-European accommodation].
|
|||
|
|
<pubPlace>Minsk</pubPlace>, <date>1968</date>, <biblScope>pp.
|
|||
|
|
111—112</biblScope></bibl>).</note></mentioned></note> perhaps also related are
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang>Russian</lang>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(dialectal)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<w>xarapaj</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><w>xarpaj</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><w>xarapalʼ</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>armjak (a peasant overcoat)</q>, <q>zipun (a peasant outer
|
|||
|
|
garment)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><w>xlapik</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>patch</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. In <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/>: <w>kalap</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>hat</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kalāpa-</w></mentioned> should probably be analyzed as <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>ka-lāpa-</w></mentioned></mentioned>, where the first part is
|
|||
|
|
a prefix, and the second reflects the stem <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">lep-</w> ‖ <w>*leb-</w></mentioned>. Cf. <mentioned><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>λῶπος</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><w>λώπη</w></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="grc"><w>λώπιον</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>clothes</q>, <q>mantle</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>lōf</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>forehead band</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>lap</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Lappen</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>rag</q>, <q>shred</q>, <q>rags</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/><w>lōpas</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>rag</q>, <q>patch</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>lapotʼ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>bast shoe</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. <note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>655 sq., 678</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Falk-Torp"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>623 sq.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — In Ossetic, there is
|
|||
|
|
another Wanderwort attested from the same semantic field; this time, coming not from Old
|
|||
|
|
Indic, but from Latin. It is also a common heritage of Ossetic, Romani and Slavic. We are
|
|||
|
|
referring to Ossetic <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>kʼalca</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>pants</q>, <q>trousers</q>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(in hunters’ speech)</note></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Сл."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 712</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Cf. <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="it"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>calza</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>stocking</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="it"><w>calzoni</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>trousers</q>, <q>pants</q></gloss></mentioned></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(from Italian)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<w>caleçon</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>briefs</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(from French)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kalʼsony</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>underpants</q></gloss></mentioned>, from <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>calcea</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>stocking</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="it"><w>calceus</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>footwear</q>, <q>shoe</q></gloss></mentioned></mentioned>; also cf.
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="rom"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kaltsy</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>trousers</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="sh"><lang/>
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<w>xläča</w>
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<gloss><q>stocking</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sh"><w>xläče</w>
|
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<gloss><q>trousers</q></gloss></mentioned></mentioned>,
|
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|
<mentioned><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="sl"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>hlača</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sl"><w>hlače</w></mentioned></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="uk"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>xološi</w></mentioned>
|
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|
<gloss><q>trousers</q></gloss></mentioned>. — As it often occurs with wandering terms,
|
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|
|
the path and dates of their migration are hard to determine with precision.</etym>
|
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|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|