178 lines
12 KiB
XML
178 lines
12 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xændyg</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_xændyg" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231025T005340+0300" comment="Russian checked + English"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d2395e66" type="lemma"><orth>xændyg</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2395e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>кадка для сыра в рассоле</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>tub for cheese in brine</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>xændygæj</oRef> cyxt īsta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">она доставала сыр из кадки с рассолом</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">she took out cheese from the tub with brine</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 117</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cyxtytæ <oRef>xændyǵy</oRef> systy
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q˳yna</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сыры в кадке заплесневели</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the cheeses in the tub caught mold</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Мысост"/>
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<biblScope>32</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sylgojmægtæ… skarync <oRef>xændyǵy</oRef>
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æværīnag cyxtytæ taræjttyl</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">женщины осматривают сыры на полках на предмет
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укладки их в рассол</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the women are examining the cheeses on the
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shelves with respect to their putting into tubs</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
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<biblScope>12</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">aj ta wælæwyl ælǧīn wyd jæ qæzdygæj, wazægæn
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ūrssag næ īsta jæ <oRef>xædygæj</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">а эта (женщина) при жизни, будучи богатой, была
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скаредной, для гостя не доставала из кадки молочного (= сыра)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">and this (woman) during her life, while rich,
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was stingy, didn’t take milk (= cheese) from the tub for a guest</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>74</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Неотделимо от <mentioned><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>kandū</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>kandūk</w></mentioned></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>kandūk</w>
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<gloss><q>большой глиняный сосуд для хранения зерна</q></gloss></mentioned>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
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<biblScope>XIV 564</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Henning</author>. <title>A
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list of Middle-Persian and Parthian words</title>. <biblScope>Al XIV
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564</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sundermann._Texte"/>
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<biblScope>127</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Сюда же <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>kanduk’</w>
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<gloss>id.</gloss></mentioned> Осетинское слово, если учесть его оригинальную семантику,
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следует рассматривать не как заимствование из персидского, а как исконное иранское
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наследие. В различии значений (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">хранилище
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зерна</q></gloss> || <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">хранилище
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сыра</q></gloss>) отразилось, как солнце в капле воды, различие хозяйственного уклада:
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земледелие у персов, скотоводство у скифов. Этимологически слово связано, очевидно, с
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<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>kan-</w>
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<gloss><q>копать</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nygænyn"/>)</note></mentioned>:
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первоначально речь шла о ямe для хранения продуктов? — Из иранского —
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<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
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<w>kanduǰ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="syr"><lang/>
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<w>kndwq</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>сосуд для хранения зерна</q></gloss></mentioned>. Из скифского идет, вероятно,
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<mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang>русск. (диал., шутливое)</lang>
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<w>кандюк</w>
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<gloss><q>брюхо</q>, <q>сычуг</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/>
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<biblScope>II 84</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; для семантики ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_gældær"><w>gældær</w>
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<gloss><q>котел</q></gloss> → <gloss><q>брюхо</q></gloss></ref>. Возможно, сюда же
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<mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>x’angij</w>
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<gloss><q>большая глиняная чаша</q></gloss></mentioned>; для соответствия ос. <c>d</c>
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после <c>n</c> — <lang>инг.</lang>
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<c>g</c> ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sondon" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>sondon</w></ref> — <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>sangal</w>
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<gloss><q>сера</q></gloss></mentioned>; для ос. <c>-g</c> — <lang>инг.</lang>
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<c>-j</c> ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_baræg" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>baræg</w></ref> — <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>bärij</w>
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<gloss><q>всадник</q> и др.</gloss></mentioned></etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Inseparable from <mentioned><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>kandū</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>kandūk</w></mentioned></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>kandūk</w>
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<gloss><q>large clay vessel for storing grain</q></gloss></mentioned>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
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<biblScope>XIV 564</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Henning</author>. <title>A
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list of Middle-Persian and Parthian words</title>. <biblScope>Al XIV
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564</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sundermann._Texte"/>
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<biblScope>127</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Also related is <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>kanduk’</w>
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<gloss>id.</gloss></mentioned> The Ossetic word, if one considers its peculiar
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semantics, should not be viewed as a loanword from Persian, but as a native Iranian
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heritage. The divergence of semantics (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">grain
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storage</q></gloss> || <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">cheese
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storage</q></gloss>) reflects, like a drop of water reflects the sun, the difference in
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economic structure: agriculture among the Persians, cattle-breeding among the Scythians.
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The word is obviously etymologically connected to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>kan-</w>
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<gloss><q>dig</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nygænyn"/>)</note></mentioned>:
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did it originally refer to a pit for storing goods? — From Iranian come
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<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
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<w>kanduǰ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="syr"><lang/>
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<w>kndwq</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>vessel for storing grain</q></gloss></mentioned>. From Scythian probably comes
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<mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang>Russian</lang>
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<note type="comment">(dialectal, humorous)</note>
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<w>kandjuk</w>
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<gloss><q>belly</q>, <q>maw</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/>
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<biblScope>II 84</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; for the semantics cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_gældær"><w>gældær</w>
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<gloss><q>cauldron</q></gloss> → <gloss><q>belly</q></gloss></ref>. <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>xʼangij</w>
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<gloss><q>large clay bowl</q></gloss></mentioned> is also possibly related; for the
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correspondence between Ossetic <c>d</c> after <c>n</c> and Ingush <c>g</c> cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sondon" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>sondon</w></ref> — <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>sangal</w>
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<gloss><q>sulphur</q></gloss></mentioned>; for Ossetic <c>-g</c> — Ingush <c>-j</c> cf.
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_baræg" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>baræg</w></ref> — <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>bärij</w>
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<gloss><q>horseman</q> etc.</gloss></mentioned></etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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