236 lines
17 KiB
XML
236 lines
17 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zær</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_zær" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d2374e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>zær</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>zæræ</orth><form type="variant"><orth>zærwæ</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2374e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>старость</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>old age</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næ <oRef>zæry</oRef> bontæ am
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ærvītʒystæm</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">дни нашей старости мы проведем здесь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">we will spend the days of our old age here</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<biblScope>1975 II 40</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...mæ <oRef>zærwi</oRef> bænttæ ne ʽmistajnæ
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qurmæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...я не вспоминал бы с горечью дни моей
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старости</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...I would not remember the days of my old age
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with bitterness</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
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<biblScope>84</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sæ <oRef>zærwi</oRef> læqwæn onæn
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rajguruj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в старости у них родился сын</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in their old age a son was born to them</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
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<biblScope>134</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>zærwærdæmæ</oRef> mæ Kʼornatæ adæmi
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astæw xodujnag fækkodtoncæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">под старость Корнаевы опозорили меня перед
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народом</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in old age, the Kornaevs disgraced me in front
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of the people</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1949 II 39</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ <oRef>zærwæ</oRef> min xojtæ dær ma
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bazudtoncæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">о моей старости даже стервятники узнали</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">even the vultures found out about my old
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age</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 11</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Иранская база <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zar-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w>ǵer-</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>стареть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>дряхлеть</q></gloss></mentioned> имеет
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многочисленные соответствия. Приведем некоторые из них: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>zar</w>, <w>zāl</w>
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<gloss><q>старик</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>старуха</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>zarmān</w>, <w>zarbān</w>
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<gloss><q>дряхлый старик</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>zarmān</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
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<w>zarwān</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>старость</q></gloss>
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<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230516T120749+0300" comment="общий библ ок?" id="ofk_swc_byb"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230708T171244+0300" parentID="ofk_swc_byb" comment="непонятно…" mid="1"?><note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
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<biblScope>IXa
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105</biblScope></bibl>)</note><?oxy_comment_end ?><?oxy_comment_end mid="1"?></mentioned>,
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<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>zōṛ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wne"><lang/>
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<w>zaṛə</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>старый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="khw"><lang/>
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<w>zāru</w>
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<note type="comment">id.
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<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230516T120858+0300" comment="а это просто сюда ноут?" id="o1t_twc_byb"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230708T171307+0300" parentID="o1t_twc_byb" comment="не знаю про что статья Моргенстьерне" mid="3"?>(<?oxy_comment_end mid="3"?><?oxy_comment_end ?><bibl><author>Morgenstierne</author>,
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<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/>
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<biblScope>1940 VIII 23, 671</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>zōr</w>
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<gloss><q>старик</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>ysara</w>
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<note type="comment">(= <w type="rec">zara-</w>)</note>
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<gloss><q>старость</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><w>ysarauña-</w>,
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<w>ysarūñaa</w>
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<gloss><q>старый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">zarwa-</w> (<w>zrwh</w>, <w>zrwyh</w>) <gloss><q>старость</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._TSP"/>
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<biblScope>2<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">1140</hi></biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>zaurvan-</w>
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<gloss><q>старость</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>a-zarəšant-</w>
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<gloss><q>нестареющий</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>ǰar-</w>, <w>ǰarati</w>
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<gloss><q>стареть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>дряхлеть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>ǰaras-</w>
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<gloss><q>старость</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>γηράω</w>
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<gloss><q>старею</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><w>γῆρας</w>
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<gloss><q>старость</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>zrěti</w>
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<gloss><q>зреть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><w>zrělъ</w>
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<gloss><q>зрелый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>cer</w>
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<gloss><q>старый</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Туманян</author>. <title>Структура индоевропейских имен
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в армянском языке</title>. <pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1978</date>,
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<biblScope>стр. 174</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> и пр. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>390–391</biblScope></bibl>). В осетинском особенно употребительна форма <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærond"><w>zærond</w>
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<gloss><q>старый</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>старик</q></gloss></ref>, восходящая к причастию
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на <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>-ant-</m></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zarant-</w></mentioned>). Эта форма имеет свои точные соответствия в
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некоторых индоевропейских языках; см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærond"/>. Глагольная
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форма также сохранилась в осетинском: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_læz"><w>læ-zær-yn</w>
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<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">fra-zar-</w></mentioned>)</note>
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<gloss><q>изнашиваться</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>расползаться</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(о ткани)</note></ref>.<note type="footnote">По недосмотру не вошла
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в <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_II"/></bibl>.</note><lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/>
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<biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary">Saka Dictionary</ref>
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<biblScope>346</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The Iranian base <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zar-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w>ǵer-</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>get old</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>grow decrepit</q></gloss></mentioned> has
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numerous correspondences. Here are some of them: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>zar</w>, <w>zāl</w>
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<gloss><q>old man</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>old woman</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>zarmān</w>, <w>zarbān</w>
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<gloss><q>decrepit old man</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>zarmān</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
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<w>zarwān</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>old age</q></gloss>
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<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230516T120749+0300" comment="общий библ ок?" id="ofk_swc_byb"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230708T171244+0300" parentID="ofk_swc_byb" comment="непонятно…" mid="5"?><note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
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<biblScope>IXa
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105</biblScope></bibl>)</note><?oxy_comment_end ?><?oxy_comment_end mid="5"?></mentioned>,
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<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>zōṛ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wne"><lang/>
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<w>zaṛə</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>old</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="khw"><lang/>
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<w>zāru</w>
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<note type="comment">id.
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<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230516T120858+0300" comment="а это просто сюда ноут?" id="o1t_twc_byb"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230708T171307+0300" parentID="o1t_twc_byb" comment="не знаю про что статья Моргенстьерне" mid="7"?>(<?oxy_comment_end mid="7"?><?oxy_comment_end ?><bibl><author>Morgenstierne</author>,
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<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/>
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<biblScope>1940 VIII 23, 671</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>zōr</w>
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<gloss><q>old man</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>ysara</w>
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<note type="comment">(= <w type="rec">zara-</w>)</note>
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<gloss><q>old age</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><w>ysarauña-</w>,
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<w>ysarūñaa</w>
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<gloss><q>old</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">zarwa-</w> (<w>zrwh</w>, <w>zrwyh</w>) <gloss><q>old age</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._TSP"/>
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<biblScope>2<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">1140</hi></biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>zaurvan-</w>
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<gloss><q>old age</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>a-zarəšant-</w>
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<gloss><q>ageless</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>ǰar-</w>, <w>ǰarati</w>
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<gloss><q>get old</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>grow decrepit</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>ǰaras-</w>
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<gloss><q>old age</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>γηράω</w>
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<gloss><q>I grow old</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><w>γῆρας</w>
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<gloss><q>old age</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>zrěti</w>
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<gloss><q>grow
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<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230711T120013+0300" comment="или mature?"?>ripe<?oxy_comment_end ?></q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="cu"><w>zrělъ</w>
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<gloss><q>ripe</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>cer</w>
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<gloss><q>old</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Tumanjan</author>. <title>Struktura indoevropejskix
|
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imen v armjanskom jazyke [Structure of Indo-European nominals in
|
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|
Armenian]</title>. <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1978</date>, <biblScope>p.
|
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174</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> etc. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
|
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<biblScope>390–391</biblScope></bibl>). In Ossetian, the form <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærond"><w>zærond</w>
|
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<gloss><q>old</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>old man</q></gloss></ref>, which goes back to the
|
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participle ending in <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>-ant-</m></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zarant-</w></mentioned>), is especially common. This form
|
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has its exact counterparts in some Indo-European languages; see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærond"/>. The verb form is also retained in Ossetic: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_læz"><w>læ-zær-yn</w>
|
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<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">fra-zar-</w></mentioned>)</note>
|
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<gloss><q>wear down</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>shred</q></gloss>
|
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<note type="comment">(about cloth)</note></ref>.<note type="footnote">Due to an
|
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|
|
oversight, it is not in <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_II"/></bibl>.</note><lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary">Saka Dictionary</ref>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>346</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
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|
|
</entry>
|
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|
|
</body>
|
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|
</text>
|
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</TEI>
|