122 lines
12 KiB
XML
122 lines
12 KiB
XML
|
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
|
|||
|
|
<teiHeader>
|
|||
|
|
<fileDesc>
|
|||
|
|
<titleStmt>
|
|||
|
|
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <w>ælæm</w></title>
|
|||
|
|
</titleStmt>
|
|||
|
|
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
|
|||
|
|
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
|
|||
|
|
<sourceDesc>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
|
|||
|
|
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</sourceDesc>
|
|||
|
|
</fileDesc>
|
|||
|
|
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
|
|||
|
|
<tagsDecl>
|
|||
|
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
|
|||
|
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
|
|||
|
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "<gloss><q>" "</q></gloss>";</rendition>
|
|||
|
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
|
|||
|
|
</tagsDecl>
|
|||
|
|
</encodingDesc>
|
|||
|
|
</teiHeader>
|
|||
|
|
<text>
|
|||
|
|
<body>
|
|||
|
|
<entry xml:id="entry_ælæm" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240205T122920+0300" comment="checked"?>
|
|||
|
|
<form xml:id="form_d936e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>ælæm</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
<form xml:id="form_d936e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ilæn</orth></form>
|
|||
|
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d936e72">
|
|||
|
|
<def xml:lang="ru">обрядовый предмет, связанный с поминками, справляемыми в
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="os"><gloss>праздник</gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<w>komaxsæn</w> (<gloss>заговенье</gloss>)</mentioned>: <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Родственники умершего изготовляют
|
|||
|
|
<oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">ilæn</oRef>, нечто вроде креста или
|
|||
|
|
хоругви из скрещенных жердей, с нитями, на которые нанизываются
|
|||
|
|
пряники, фрукты, грецкие орехи и конфеты. Родные покойника везут
|
|||
|
|
<oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">ilæn</oRef> на санях к его
|
|||
|
|
могиле</q>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">ОЭ</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 272</biblScope></bibl>)</note></quote>. Сходные
|
|||
|
|
обычаи наблюдены и у других кавказских народов. Приводим для сравнения
|
|||
|
|
мегрельский обряд, справляемый в Новый год: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Хозяин дома делает <mentioned xml:lang="xmf"><w>čʼičʼilaki</w></mentioned>: берут короткую палку;
|
|||
|
|
один конец палки расщепляют и в расщеп вставляют деревянный крест. Таким
|
|||
|
|
образом приготовленное <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">чичилаки</q>
|
|||
|
|
увешивают яблоками, конфетами, орехами, янтарем, шелком, серебряными
|
|||
|
|
монетами… Утром хозяин, с <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">чичилаки</q>
|
|||
|
|
в руках, обходит весь двор, произнося при этом положенные на сей случай
|
|||
|
|
молитвы</q> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СМК"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope xml:lang="ru">XXXII 3 153 сл.</biblScope></bibl>)</def>
|
|||
|
|
<def xml:lang="en">a ritual object associated with the commemoration of the
|
|||
|
|
deceased carried out during the <mentioned xml:lang="os"><gloss>holiday</gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<w>komaxsæn</w> (<gloss>the eve of the fast</gloss>)</mentioned>: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Relatives of the deceased make <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">ilæn</oRef>, something like a cross or banner,
|
|||
|
|
from crossed poles, with threads on which they string gingerbread,
|
|||
|
|
fruit, walnuts and sweets. Relatives of the deceased carry <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">ilæn</oRef> on a sleigh to his or her
|
|||
|
|
grave</q> (<bibl>Ws. <author>Miller</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OÈ</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 272</biblScope></bibl>). Similar traditions have also been
|
|||
|
|
observed among other Caucasian peoples. For comparison consider the
|
|||
|
|
following Mingrelian New Year tradition: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">The master of the house makes a <mentioned xml:lang="xmf"><w>čʼičʼilaki</w></mentioned>: a short stick is taken; one end
|
|||
|
|
of the stick is slit into two and a wooden cross is inserted into the
|
|||
|
|
slit. The <foreign>chichilaki</foreign> prepared in this way is covered
|
|||
|
|
with apples, candy, nuts, amber, silk, silver coins… In the morning the
|
|||
|
|
master of the house, with <foreign>chichilaki</foreign> in his hands,
|
|||
|
|
goes all around the house, pronouncing special prayers reserved for this
|
|||
|
|
occasion.</q> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СМК"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope xml:lang="en">XXXII 3 153 f.</biblScope></bibl>)</def>
|
|||
|
|
</sense>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d936e100">
|
|||
|
|
<abv:example xml:id="example_d936e102">
|
|||
|
|
<quote>wældaj kad ḱī kodta jæ mardæn, ūj īw aræzta dūǧtæ, qabaqqytæ,
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>ælæmtæ</oRef></quote>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>кто особенно хотел почтить своего покойника, тот устраивал скачки,
|
|||
|
|
стрельбу в цель, <oRef>ælæm</oRef>’ы”</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>one who especially wanted to honour his deceased used to arrange
|
|||
|
|
races, shooting at the target, <oRef>ælæm</oRef>s</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>148</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:example>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:exampleGrp>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="ru">Слово <oRef>ælæm</oRef> — арабского происхождения, известное и
|
|||
|
|
другим кавказским народам; ср. <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e191" xml:id="mentioned_d936e124" xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ʽalam</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e196" xml:id="mentioned_d936e129" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>alam</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e201" xml:id="mentioned_d936e134" xml:lang="tr"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>alem</w>
|
|||
|
|
</mentioned><gloss><q>знак</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>знамя</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e215" xml:id="mentioned_d936e148" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>alami</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>знамя</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>флаг</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>значок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e236" xml:id="mentioned_d936e169" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ælæm</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e241" xml:id="mentioned_d936e174" xml:lang="inh"><w>ælæm-beqhæ</w>
|
|||
|
|
</mentioned><gloss><q>надмогильный шест с белым флагом, ставится над умершим
|
|||
|
|
от ран</q></gloss></mentioned>. Начальное <w>i</w>, равно как
|
|||
|
|
конечное <w>n</w> в дигорском не выходят за рамки обычных звуковых
|
|||
|
|
закономерностей дигорского диалекта. Разновидностью той же основы является
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e247" xml:id="mentioned_d936e180" xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ʽalāmat</w></mentioned>, также усвоенное в осетинский; см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_alæmæt"><w>alæmæt</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>чудо</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="en">The word <w>ælæm</w> has Arabic origin and is known to other
|
|||
|
|
peoples of Caucasus; cf. <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e124" xml:id="mentioned_d936e191" xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ʽalam</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e129" xml:id="mentioned_d936e196" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>alam</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e134" xml:id="mentioned_d936e201" xml:lang="tr"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>alem</w>
|
|||
|
|
</mentioned><gloss><q>sign</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>banner</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e148" xml:id="mentioned_d936e215" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>alami</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>banner</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>flag</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>badge</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e169" xml:id="mentioned_d936e236" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ælæm</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e174" xml:id="mentioned_d936e241" xml:lang="inh"><w>ælæm-beqhæ</w>
|
|||
|
|
</mentioned><gloss><q>grave pole with a white flag, placed over a person who
|
|||
|
|
died of wounds</q></gloss></mentioned>. The initial <c>i</c>,
|
|||
|
|
likewise the final <c>n</c> in Digor do not go beyond the usual sound
|
|||
|
|
regularities of the Digor dialect. A variant of the same stem is <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e180" xml:id="mentioned_d936e247" xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ʽalāmat</w></mentioned>, which was also adopted into Ossetic; see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_alæmæt"><w>alæmæt</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>miracle</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|