161 lines
15 KiB
XML
161 lines
15 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <w>æmbyjyn</w></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "<gloss><q>" "</q></gloss>";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_æmbyjyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240218T125133+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d5344e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>æmbyjyn</orth>
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<form xml:id="form_d5344e68" type="participle"><orth>æmbyd</orth></form></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<form xml:id="form_d5344e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æmbujun</orth>
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<form xml:id="form_d5344e73" type="participle"><orth>æmbud</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5344e76">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>гнить</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to rot</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5344e86">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5344e88">
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<quote>særd dyn ma <oRef>’mbyjænt</oRef>, zymæg dyn ma sælænt</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пусть у тебя летом не гниют, зимой не замерзают</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240216T115852+0300" comment="I am not sure what exactly 3PL refers to"?>
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<q>let (nothing) rot for you in the summer, nor freeze in the
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winter</q><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru">из посвящения покойнику</biblScope>
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<biblScope xml:lang="en">from a dedication to the
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deceased</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5344e109">
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<quote>cʼyfy wærmy dæ <oRef>bambyjyn kodton</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>я сгноила тебя в грязной яме</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>I made you rot in a dirty pit</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 40</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e298" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e131" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ham-pu-</w></mentioned>, сращение преверба <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æm-"/> (← <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>ham-</m></mentioned>)
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с корнем <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>рū-</w>
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<gloss><q>гнить</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e305" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e138" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>anbūsīdan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e310" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e143" xml:lang="fa"><w>pūsīdan</w></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e313" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e146" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>hambūsītan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e319" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e152" xml:lang="x-pamir" extralang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>pay-</w> : <w>pūd-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e324" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e157" xml:lang="x-pamir" extralang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>piy-</w> : <w>pud-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e329" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e162" xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
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<w>pū-</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>гнить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e337" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e170" xml:lang="sgy"><w>pūduk</w>
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<gloss><q>гнилой</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e343" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e176" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>pīo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e348" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e181" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>pītk</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>гнилой</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e357" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e190" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>pīw-</w> : <w>pəd-</w>
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<gloss><q>гнить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e365" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e198" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>pū-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e370" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e203" xml:lang="ae"><w>puyeiti</w>
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<gloss><q>гниет</q></gloss></mentioned>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e376" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e209" xml:lang="ae"><w>a-puyant</w>
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<gloss><q>не гниющий</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e382" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e215" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>pū-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>pūyati</w>
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<gloss><q>гниет</q></gloss></mentioned>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e390" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e223" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>puti</w>
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<gloss><q>гнить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e399" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e232" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>πύω</w>
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<gloss><q>вызываю нагноение</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e407" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e240" xml:lang="grc"><w>πύθω</w>
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<gloss><q>гною</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e413" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e246" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>pus</w>
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<gloss><q>гной</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e421" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e254" xml:lang="la"><w>puteo</w>
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<gloss><q>гнию</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e427" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e260" xml:lang="la"><w>putidus</w>
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<gloss><q>гнилой</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e433" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e266" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
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<w>fūls</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e439" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e272" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>faul</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>гнилой</q></gloss></mentioned>. Предшествие <c>m</c> предотвратило
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обычный для осетинского переход <c>p</c> → <c>f</c>, но повлекло озвончение
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<c>p</c> → <c>b</c>. Старым каузативом от <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">æmbujun</oRef> является <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmbawun"><w>æmbawun</w></ref> q. v. Сюда же <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fawyn"><w>fawyn</w>
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<gloss><q>хулить</q></gloss></ref>. Ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyd_3"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">fyd</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">fud</w>
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<gloss><q>дурной</q></gloss></ref> считаем лексикализованным старым
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причастием <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>pūta-</w>
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<gloss><q>гнилой</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmbyd"><w>æmbyd</w>
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<gloss><q>гнилой</q></gloss></ref>.<lb/><bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author>.
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<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">ОЭ</ref>
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<biblScope>II 85</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
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<biblScope>65</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e131" xml:id="mentioned_d5344e298" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ham-pu-</w></mentioned>, fusion of the preverb <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æm-"/> (← <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>ham-</m></mentioned>)
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with the root <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>рū-</w>
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<gloss><q>to rot</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e305" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>anbūsīdan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e310" xml:lang="fa"><w>pūsīdan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e313" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>hambūsītan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e319" xml:lang="x-pamir" extralang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>pay-</w> : <w>pūd-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e324" xml:lang="x-pamir" extralang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>piy-</w> : <w>pud-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e329" xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
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<w>pū-</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>to rot</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e337" xml:lang="sgy"><w>pūduk</w>
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<gloss><q>rotten</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e343" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>pīo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e348" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>pītk</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>гнилой</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e357" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>pīw-</w> : <w>pəd-</w>
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<gloss><q>to rot</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e365" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>pū-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e370" xml:lang="ae"><w>puyeiti</w>
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<gloss><q>rots</q></gloss></mentioned>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e376" xml:lang="ae"><w>a-puyant</w>
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<gloss><q>non-rotting</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e382" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>pū-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>pūyati</w>
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<gloss><q>rots</q></gloss></mentioned>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e390" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>puti</w>
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<gloss><q>to rot</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e399" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>πύω</w>
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<gloss><q>I cause
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240216T152416+0300" comment="I could not find the Greek word in dictionaries; only as a synonym of πύθω, which has both a causative and an intransitive reading"?>suppuration<?oxy_comment_end ?></q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e407" xml:lang="grc"><w>πύθω</w>
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<gloss><q>I rot</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e413" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>pus</w>
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<gloss><q>pus</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e421" xml:lang="la"><w>puteo</w>
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<gloss><q>I rot</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e427" xml:lang="la"><w>putidus</w>
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<gloss><q>rotten</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e433" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
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<w>fūls</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5344e439" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>faul</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>rotten</q></gloss></mentioned>. The preceeding <c>m</c> prevented
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the regular Ossetic sound change <c>p</c> → <c>f</c>, but caused voicing
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<c>p</c> → <c>b</c>. An old causative from <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">æmbujun</oRef> is <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmbawun"><w>æmbawun</w></ref> q. v. Also related is <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fawyn"><w>fawyn</w>
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<gloss><q>to abuse</q></gloss></ref>. We consider <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyd_3" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w xml:lang="os-x-iron">fyd</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">fud</w>
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<gloss><q>evil</q></gloss></ref> to be an old lexalized participle
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<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>pūta-</w>
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<gloss><q>rotten</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmbyd"><w>æmbyd</w>
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<gloss><q>rotten</q></gloss></ref>.<lb/><bibl>Ws. <author>Miller</author>.
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<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OÈ</ref>
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<biblScope>II 85</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
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<biblScope>65</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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