158 lines
14 KiB
XML
158 lines
14 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <w>æmyǵyr</w></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "<gloss><q>" "</q></gloss>";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_æmyǵyr" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240321T174618+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d184e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>æmyǵyr</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<form xml:id="form_d184e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æmigir</orth>.</form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d184e72">
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<def xml:lang="ru">Так называется при многоженстве каждая из жен в отношении
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другой: <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæstær æmigir</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">младшая из (двух) жен</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Tujǧ."/>
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<biblScope>28</biblScope></bibl>
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</example></def>
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<def xml:lang="en">In a polygamous relationship, this is the name of each of the
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wives with respect to
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240321T173807+0300" comment="assuming there can be more than 2 (I can't quite parse what Abaev means)"?>one
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of the others<?oxy_comment_end ?>: <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæstær
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<oRef>æmigir</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the younger of the (two)
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wives</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Tujǧ."/>
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<biblScope>28</biblScope></bibl>
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</example></def>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_amyǵyr_2">
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">отсюда значение</note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">hence the meaning</note>
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<sense xml:id="sense_amyǵyr_2-1">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>соперница</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>female rival</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_amyǵyr_2-2">
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (иногда также </note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> sometimes also </note>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>соперник</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>male rival</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">) которое даёт <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Сл."/></bibl></note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> given in <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Сл."/></bibl></note>
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</sense>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> Более точно можно перевести это слово <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>pellex</w></mentioned> или <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
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<w>co-wife</w></mentioned></note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> This word could be more accurately translated as
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<mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>pellex</w></mentioned> or <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
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<w>co-wife</w></mentioned></note>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d184e74">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d184e76" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>Mæxæmæti <oRef>æmigir</oRef> ræxistæj bastæj fæwwæǧd æj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>соперник Махамата высвободился из цепей</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Mækhæmæt’s rival freed himself from chains</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes._Ka_ke"/>
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<biblScope>47</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">По аналогии с такими образованиями, как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmsiaxs"><w>æmsiaxs</w>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">со-зять</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmxæræfyrt"><w>æmxæræfyrt</w>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">со-племянник</q></gloss></ref>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>æmmadælon</w>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">от одной матери
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происходящий</q></gloss></mentioned> (ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d184e157" xml:id="mentioned_d184e107" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>ha-paθnī-</w>
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<gloss><q>Nebenweib</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d184e165" xml:id="mentioned_d184e115" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>ha(ma)-mātā</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d184e171" xml:id="mentioned_d184e121" xml:lang="peo"><w>hamapitā</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>от одной матери, одного отца</q></gloss></mentioned>),
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представляется вероятным, что <oRef>æmyǵyr</oRef> значит <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">сосупружная</q></gloss> и заключает в
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первой части префикс общности <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æm-"><w>æm-</w></ref>, а во второй — какое-то слово со значением
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<gloss><q>муж</q></gloss> или <gloss><q>самец</q></gloss>. Таким словом
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могло быть <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ǵir"><w>ǵir</w>, которое теперь
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означает <gloss><q>боров</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>кабан</q></gloss></ref>, но,
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подобно другим аналогичным терминам, относящимся к животным, первоначально могло
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означать вообще <gloss><q>самец</q></gloss> (ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wyrs"><w>wyrs</w>
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<gloss><q>жеребец</q></gloss></ref>). См. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ǵir"/>. Следует отметить, что многоженство существовало у осетин независимо от
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мусульманства и вызывалось соображениями хозяйственного порядка, а также
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интересами родового самосохранения (потребность в рабочей силе, бездетность
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первой жены). Если наше разъяснение слова <oRef>æmyǵyr</oRef> правильно, то
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d184e183" xml:id="mentioned_d184e133" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>engir</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d184e188" xml:id="mentioned_d184e138" xml:lang="inh"><w>engær</w></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d184e192" xml:id="mentioned_d184e142" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>emgær</w></mentioned> (название жен при многоженстве) придется
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рассматривать как усвоенные из осетинского.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">By analogy with derivates such as <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmsiaxs"><w>æmsiaxs</w>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">co-son-in-law</q></gloss></ref>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmxæræfyrt"><w>æmxæræfyrt</w>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">co-nephew</q></gloss></ref>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>æmmadælon</w>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">born from the same
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mother</q></gloss></mentioned> (cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d184e107" xml:id="mentioned_d184e157" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>ha-paθnī-</w>
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<gloss><q>Nebenweib</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d184e115" xml:id="mentioned_d184e165" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>ha(ma)-mātā</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d184e121" xml:id="mentioned_d184e171" xml:lang="peo"><w>hamapitā</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>from the same mother or father</q></gloss></mentioned>), it seems
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plausible that <oRef>æmyǵyr</oRef> means <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">co-wife</q></gloss> and contains the
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comitative prefix <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æm-"><w>æm-</w></ref> in its
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first part, and a word meaning <gloss><q>husband</q></gloss> or
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<gloss><q>male</q></gloss> in its second part. This word could be
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<w>ǵir</w>, which now means <gloss><q>boar</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240321T174343+0300" comment="outdated word?"?>barrow<?oxy_comment_end ?></q></gloss>,
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but, like other similar terms related to animals, could have originally meant
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<gloss><q>male</q></gloss> in general (cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wyrs"><w>wyrs</w>
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<gloss><q>stallion</q></gloss></ref>). See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ǵir"/>. It should be noted that polygamy used to exist among
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the Ossetians independently from Islam and was caused by economical
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considerations, as well as the interests of
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240321T174533+0300" comment="? can you say it this way?"?>patrimonial<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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self-preservation (demand for labour, childlessness of the first wife). If our
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explanation of <oRef>æmyǵyr</oRef> is on the right track, then <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d184e133" xml:id="mentioned_d184e183" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>engir</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d184e138" xml:id="mentioned_d184e188" xml:lang="inh"><w>engær</w></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d184e142" xml:id="mentioned_d184e192" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>emgær</w></mentioned> (the name of wives in polygamous relationships)
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will have to be considered as adopted from Ossetic.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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