163 lines
15 KiB
XML
163 lines
15 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævgænyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_ævgænyn" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d4323e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>ævgænyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d4323e68" type="participle"><orth>ævgæd</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d4323e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ævgænun</orth><form xml:id="form_d4323e73" type="participle"><orth>ævgæd</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4323e76"><sense xml:id="sense_d4323e77"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>насыпать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to poor (not liquids)</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4323e86"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>нагружать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to load</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4323e95"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>наливать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to poor (liquids)</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4323e104"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>черпать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to draw</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d4323e114">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4323e116">
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<quote>wærdony ast gollaǵy bavgædton</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>я нагрузил на арбу восемь мешков</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>I put eight bags on the arba</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4323e131">
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<quote>cæǵǵinagæj bægæny sævgæn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>зачерпни из котла пиво</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>draw some beer from the cooper</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4323e146">
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<quote>kom-ævgænæn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q><hi rendition="#rend_bold">‘воронка’, „чем наливают в отверстие (kom)"</hi>!!!!!!!!!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>'funnel', "for pouring through a hole"</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4323e161">
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<quote>ʒarǧ k˳yddær don ævgænynmæ qavyd jæ kʼærtajy, aftæ jyn bīræǧ je ʽkkoj
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abadt</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>только свинья собралась зачерпнуть воду в ведро, как ей на спину
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вскочил волк</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>as soon as the pig was about to scoop up water in a bucket, a wolf
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jumped onto her back</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/><biblScope>68</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Сращение ныне мертвого преверба <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv</hi>- (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e317" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e183" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>abi-</w></mentioned>) с основой <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kæn</hi>-,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e322" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e188" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>kan-</w>
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<gloss><q>копать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>рыть</q></gloss>, а также <gloss xml:lang="fa" extralang="peo">(в <lang/>)
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<q>грузить</q></gloss></mentioned>. Эта же основа с превербом <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nу</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ni</hi>-
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налична в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nygænyn"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nigænun</hi> ‘погребать’, ‘зарывать’ и в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ingæn"/> ‘могила’. Форма прош. причастия <hi rendition="#rend_italic">gæd</hi>(← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kata</hi>)
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примыкает не к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e341" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e207" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>kanta</w></mentioned> и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e346" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e212" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>knt'</w></mentioned>, а к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e351" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e217" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>khāta</w></mentioned>. Отделять основу <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kan</hi>- в значении ‘копать’ от <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kan</hi>- в
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значении ‘сыпать’, ‘грузить’, как делают <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/><biblScope>38 </biblScope></bibl>,
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<bibl><author>G. Morgenstierne</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AO"/><biblScope>1923 I 249</biblScope></bibl>,
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<bibl><author>Meillet</author></bibl> и
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<bibl><author>Benveniste</author><biblScope>(Grammaire du vieux perse<hi rendition="#rend_bold">2</hi>, стр. 109)</biblScope></bibl>,
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<bibl><author>Henning</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZII"/><biblScope>IX 172</biblScope></bibl>
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<bibl><author>Bailey</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JRAS"/><biblScope>1934, стр. 410</biblScope></bibl>, не видим оснований, так
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как развитие значения ‘рыть’→‘сыпать’→‘наливать’→‘грузить’ вполне закономерно.
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Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e383" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e249" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>afgandan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e388" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e254" xml:lang="fa"><w>avgandan</w>
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<gloss><q>бросать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e394" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e260" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>валить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e401" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e267" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>наполнять</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e407" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e273" xml:lang="fa"><w>āgandan</w>
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<gloss><q>наполнять</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e413" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e279" xml:lang="fa"><w>parāgandan</w>
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<gloss><q>рассыпать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e419" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e285" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>kan-(kn)</w>
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<gloss><q>копать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e427" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e293" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>avākanam</w>
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<gloss><q>я погрузил</q></gloss></mentioned> (%iadam kāram maškāuvā
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avākanam<hi rendition="#rend_italic"> „я погрузил войско на бурдюки“). Ср.
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_rægænun"/>. Основу </hi>kan%i- ‘грузить’
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мы находим еще, кажется, в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e438" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e304" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w/></mentioned>
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ækkoj"/> ‘ношение груза на спине’ q.
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v.%n<bibl/>Труды Института языкознания 1956 VI 442—449.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The fusion of the preverb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv</hi>-
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(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e183" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e317" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>abi-</w></mentioned>) which is out of use for now with the stem <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kæn</hi>-, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e188" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e322" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>kan-</w>
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<gloss><q>to dig</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to burrow</q></gloss>, and also
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<gloss xml:lang="fa" extralang="peo">(in <lang/>) <q>to
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load</q></gloss></mentioned>. The same stem with the preverb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ny</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ni</hi>- is
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found in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nygænyn"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nigænun</hi> ‘to bury’ and in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ingæn"/>
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‘grave’. The past participle form <hi rendition="#rend_italic">gæd</hi>(← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kata</hi>) relates not to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e207" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e341" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>kanta</w></mentioned> and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e212" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e346" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>knt'</w></mentioned>, but to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e217" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e351" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>khāta</w></mentioned>. There are no reasons to separate the stem <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kan</hi>- 'to dig' from the stem <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kan</hi>- 'to poor (not liquids)', 'to load', as it
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is done in <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/><biblScope>38
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</biblScope></bibl>, <bibl><author>G. Morgenstierne</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AO"/><biblScope>1923 I 249</biblScope></bibl>,
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<bibl><author>Meillet</author></bibl> and
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<bibl><author>Benveniste</author><biblScope>(Grammaire du vieux
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perse%l2%l, p. 109)</biblScope></bibl>,
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<bibl><author>Henning</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZII"/><biblScope>IX 172</biblScope></bibl>
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<bibl><author>Bailey</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JRAS"/><biblScope>1934, p. 410</biblScope></bibl>, since the development of
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the meaning 'to dig’→‘to poor (not liquids)’→‘to poor (liquids)’→‘to load’ is
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quite natural. Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e249" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e383" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>afgandan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e254" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e388" xml:lang="fa"><w>avgandan</w>
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<gloss><q>to throw</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e260" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e394" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>to through down</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e267" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e401" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>to fill</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e273" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e407" xml:lang="fa"><w>āgandan</w>
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<gloss><q>to fill</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e279" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e413" xml:lang="fa"><w>parāgandan</w>
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<gloss><q>to spill</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e285" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e419" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>kan-(kn)</w>
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<gloss><q>to dig</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e293" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e427" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>avākanam</w>
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<gloss><q>I loaded</q></gloss></mentioned> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">adam kāram maškāuvā avākanam</hi> „I loaded an army on the wine-skins“).
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Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rægænun"/>. The stem <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kan</hi>- ‘to load’ is also found in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4323e304" xml:id="mentioned_d4323e438" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w/></mentioned>
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ækkoj"/> ‘wearing goods on someone's back’ q.
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v.%n<bibl><biblScope>Trudy Instituta Jazykoznanija 1956 VI
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442—449</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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