170 lines
18 KiB
XML
170 lines
18 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævzyjyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_ævzyjyn" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d278e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>ævzyjyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d278e68" type="participle"><orth>ævzyd</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d278e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ævzujun</orth><form xml:id="form_d278e73" type="participle"><orth>ævzud</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d278e76"><sense xml:id="sense_d278e77"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>выпадать, лезть(о волосах)</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>come out, fall out (of hair)</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d278e86"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>чахнуть</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>pine</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d278e96">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d278e98">
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<quote>mæ saryq˳yntæ gasæj bavzydysty</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мои волосы совсем повыпали</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>my hair completely fell out</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d278e113" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>ævzud ærfguti bunti misti cæstitæ…</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>под облезлыми бровями мышиные глазки</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>there are mouse eyes under shabby eyebrows</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Тайм._Мӕ_зӕрд."/><biblScope>49</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d278e135">
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<quote>bonæj bonmæ (Salu) ævzujgæ, tajgæ cæuj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>день ото дня (Салу) чахнет, тает</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Salu is pinning, wasting away from day to day</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes._Ka_ke"/><biblScope>86</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Сращение преверба <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv</hi>-( ← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">abi</hi>) с основой
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*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">zu</hi>-(*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">zav</hi>-); ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e369" xml:id="mentioned_d278e157" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>wa-zew-: wa-züd-</w>
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<gloss><q>чахнуть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e377" xml:id="mentioned_d278e165" xml:lang="srh"><w/>
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<gloss><q>гибнуть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e383" xml:id="mentioned_d278e171" xml:lang="srh"><w/>
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<gloss><q>гаснуть</q></gloss></mentioned> , <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e389" xml:id="mentioned_d278e177" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>ziyāw-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e394" xml:id="mentioned_d278e182" xml:lang="sgh"><w>ziyū-</w>
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<gloss><q>вянуть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e401" xml:id="mentioned_d278e189" xml:lang="sgh"><w/>
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<gloss><q>усыхать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e407" xml:id="mentioned_d278e195" xml:lang="sgh"><w>wi-zēw- : wi-zūd-</w>
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<gloss><q>гасить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e413" xml:id="mentioned_d278e201" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>w-zōw- : wi-zūd-</w>
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<gloss><q>гасить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e421" xml:id="mentioned_d278e209" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>ū-zīw-: ū-zōt-</w>
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<gloss><q>гаснуть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e429" xml:id="mentioned_d278e217" xml:lang="yah"><w>ū-zau-: ū-zowd-</w>
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<gloss><q>гасить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e435" xml:id="mentioned_d278e223" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>bu-ysu-(← *abi-žu-)</w>
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<gloss><q>уничтожать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e444" xml:id="mentioned_d278e232" xml:lang="kho"><w/>
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<gloss><q>гасить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e450" xml:id="mentioned_d278e238" xml:lang="kho"><w/>
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<gloss><q>гаснуть</q></gloss></mentioned>. Может быть, сюда же <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e456" xml:id="mentioned_d278e244" xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
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<w>zùdu</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e461" xml:id="mentioned_d278e249" xml:lang="lv"><w>zust</w>
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<gloss><q>исчезать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e467" xml:id="mentioned_d278e255" xml:lang="lv"><w/>
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<gloss><q>гибнуть</q></gloss></mentioned>, (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e473" xml:id="mentioned_d278e261" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w>*gheū-</w></mentioned>. Основа <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zu</hi>-, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zav</hi>- представляет,
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по-видимому, вариацию основы <hi rendition="#rend_italic">gu</hi>-, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">gaw</hi>-, см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæwyn"/> ‘недоставать’. Та же основа, по закону расщепления
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значения, получила в некоторых языках диаметрально противоположный смысл:
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e481" xml:id="mentioned_d278e269" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>abi-jāv-</w>
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<gloss><q>прибавлять</q></gloss></mentioned> ( <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e489" xml:id="mentioned_d278e277" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>abiyajāvayam</w>
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<gloss><q>я прибавил</q></gloss></mentioned>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e497" xml:id="mentioned_d278e285" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*aβžāw-('βzw-)</w>
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<gloss><q>прибавлять</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e505" xml:id="mentioned_d278e293" xml:lang="sog"><w>aβžay-('βz'y-)</w>
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<gloss><q>прибавляться</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e511" xml:id="mentioned_d278e299" xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><lang/>
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<w>aβzū-</w>
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<gloss><q>увеличиваться</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e520" xml:id="mentioned_d278e308" xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><w/>
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<gloss><q>возрастать в количестве</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e526" xml:id="mentioned_d278e314" xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><w>aβzāy-</w>
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<gloss><q>умножать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e532" xml:id="mentioned_d278e320" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>abzūtan</w>
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<gloss><q>умножаться</q></gloss></mentioned>, при <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e540" xml:id="mentioned_d278e328" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>vizūtan</w>
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<gloss><q>уменьшать(ся)</q></gloss></mentioned>
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(<bibl><author><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Bailey</hi></author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/><biblScope>VIII 292 сл.</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e553" xml:id="mentioned_d278e341" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>afzūdan</w>
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<gloss><q>прибавлять</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e562" xml:id="mentioned_d278e350" xml:lang="fa"><w>ayzūyīdan</w>
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<gloss><q>прибавляться</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e568" xml:id="mentioned_d278e356" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>умножаться</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><biblScope>%bMathnawi I
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3873 comm%b</biblScope></bibl>). — Сильную ступень основы нашего глагола
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(<hi rendition="#rend_italic">zaw</hi>-) имеем, по-видимому, в <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zaw</hi>-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">wat</hi> ‘опустошение’.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The fusion of the preverb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv</hi>-( ← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">abi</hi>) and the stem
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*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">zu</hi>-(*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">zav</hi>-); cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e157" xml:id="mentioned_d278e369" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>wa-zew-: wa-züd-</w>
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<gloss><q>to wither</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e165" xml:id="mentioned_d278e377" xml:lang="srh"><w/>
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<gloss><q>to perish</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e171" xml:id="mentioned_d278e383" xml:lang="srh"><w/>
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<gloss><q>to fade</q></gloss></mentioned> , <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e177" xml:id="mentioned_d278e389" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>ziyāw-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e182" xml:id="mentioned_d278e394" xml:lang="sgh"><w>ziyū-</w>
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<gloss><q>to droop</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e189" xml:id="mentioned_d278e401" xml:lang="sgh"><w/>
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<gloss><q>to dry up</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e195" xml:id="mentioned_d278e407" xml:lang="sgh"><w>wi-zēw- : wi-zūd-</w>
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<gloss><q>to extinguish</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e201" xml:id="mentioned_d278e413" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>w-zōw- : wi-zūd-</w>
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<gloss><q>to extinguish</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e209" xml:id="mentioned_d278e421" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>ū-zīw-: ū-zōt-</w>
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<gloss><q>to fade</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e217" xml:id="mentioned_d278e429" xml:lang="yah"><w>ū-zau-: ū-zowd-</w>
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<gloss><q>to extinguish</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e223" xml:id="mentioned_d278e435" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>bu-ysu-(← *abi-žu-)</w>
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<gloss><q>to exterminate</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e232" xml:id="mentioned_d278e444" xml:lang="kho"><w/>
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<gloss><q>to extinguish</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e238" xml:id="mentioned_d278e450" xml:lang="kho"><w/>
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<gloss><q>to fade</q></gloss></mentioned>. The following word probably
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belongs here: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e244" xml:id="mentioned_d278e456" xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
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<w>zùdu</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e249" xml:id="mentioned_d278e461" xml:lang="lv"><w>zust</w>
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<gloss><q>to disappear</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e255" xml:id="mentioned_d278e467" xml:lang="lv"><w/>
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<gloss><q>to perish</q></gloss></mentioned>, (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e261" xml:id="mentioned_d278e473" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w>*gheū-</w></mentioned>. The stem <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zu</hi>-, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zav</hi>- seems to be another
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version of the stem <hi rendition="#rend_italic">gu</hi>-, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">gaw</hi>-, see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæwyn"/> ‘be lack’. According to <hi rendition="#rend_bold">the splitiing law</hi>, the same stem received a
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diametrically opposite sense in some language: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e269" xml:id="mentioned_d278e481" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>abi-jāv-</w>
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<gloss><q>to add</q></gloss></mentioned> ( <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e277" xml:id="mentioned_d278e489" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>abiyajāvayam</w>
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<gloss><q>I added</q></gloss></mentioned>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e285" xml:id="mentioned_d278e497" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*aβžāw-('βzw-)</w>
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<gloss><q>to add</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e293" xml:id="mentioned_d278e505" xml:lang="sog"><w>aβžay-('βz'y-)</w>
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<gloss><q>to be added</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e299" xml:id="mentioned_d278e511" xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><lang/>
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<w>aβzū-</w>
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<gloss><q>to increase</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e308" xml:id="mentioned_d278e520" xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><w/>
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<gloss><q>to grow in number</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e314" xml:id="mentioned_d278e526" xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><w>aβzāy-</w>
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<gloss><q>to multiply</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e320" xml:id="mentioned_d278e532" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>abzūtan</w>
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<gloss><q>to be multiplied</q></gloss></mentioned>, near <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e328" xml:id="mentioned_d278e540" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>vizūtan</w>
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<gloss><q>to decrease</q></gloss></mentioned>
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(<bibl><author><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Bailey</hi></author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/><biblScope>VIII 292ff.</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e341" xml:id="mentioned_d278e553" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>afzūdan</w>
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<gloss><q>to add</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e350" xml:id="mentioned_d278e562" xml:lang="fa"><w>ayzūyīdan</w>
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<gloss><q>to be added</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d278e356" xml:id="mentioned_d278e568" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>to multiply</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><biblScope>%bMathnawi I
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3873 comm%b</biblScope></bibl>). — There is probably a strong variant of
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the stem (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">zaw</hi>-) in <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zaw</hi>-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">wat</hi> ‘devastation’.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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