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abaev-xml/entries/abaev_ūdxar.xml

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2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ūdxar</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_ūdxar" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
<form xml:id="form_d472e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ūdxar</orth></form>
<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>odxar(æ)</orth></form>
<sense>
<sense xml:id="sense_d472e69">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>мучение</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>torment</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>тяжелый, непосильный труд</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>hard, backbreaking work</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</sense>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">близки по значению tūxæn, q˳yrdūxæn, qīzæmar</note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; similar are tūxæn, q˳yrdūxæn, qīzæmar</note>
<re>
<form type="lemma"><orth>ūdxar kænyn</orth></form>
<sense>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мучиться</q>
</tr>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">suffer</q>
</tr>
</sense>
</re>
<re>
<form type="lemma"><orth>ūdxaræj mælyn</orth></form>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230404T114115+0300" comment="здесь стоит id."?>
<q>мучиться</q><?oxy_comment_end ?>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230404T114115+0300" comment="здесь стоит id."?>
<q>suffer</q><?oxy_comment_end ?>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</re>
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d472e75">
<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nal wyd mæg˳yr læg jæ særæn,
<oRef>ūdxaræj</oRef> jæm mard</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">бедняк изнемог, мучился у него (хозяина)</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the poor man was exhausted, he was suffering
from him (his master)</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ cærænbontæ <oRef>ūdxaræj</oRef>
arvītʒynæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">всю жизнь ты будешь мучиться</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">all your life you will be suffering</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
<biblScope>47</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">būznyg, zæj! ajstaj ærǧom; nyr æryncad
<oRef>ūdxary</oRef> k˳ystæj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">спасибо, лавина! ты сняла (с бедняка) ношу;
теперь он избавился от мучительного труда</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">thank you, avalanche! you lifted the burden
(from the poor man); he now got rid of the painful labor</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
<biblScope>61</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
</usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">adæjmagæn æ aʒal ku ‘rxæstæg wo, … wæd æ tuxi
næbal fæwwuj, otid <oRef>odxaræ</oRef> kænuj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда к человеку приближается смерть, он теряет
силы (и) только мучается</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when a man nears death, he loses all his
lifehorse (and) only suffers</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
<biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230404T114527+0300" comment="в словаре не укзаано, но по орфографии видно, что дигорский"?>
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
</usg><?oxy_comment_end ?>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ʒanbolat <oRef>odxar</oRef> kodta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Дзанболат мучился</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Dzanbolat‘s suffering was over</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes._Ka_ke"/>
<biblScope>11</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</abv:exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Вероятно, сложение из <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūd"><cit>
<orth>ūd</orth>
</cit>|<cit>
<orth>od</orth>
</cit>
<gloss><q>душа</q></gloss></ref> и <w>xar</w>. Последняя часть (отдельно не
употребительна) сближается с <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>кара</w>
<gloss><q>наказание</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w>korъ</w>
<gloss><q>оскорбление</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>порицание</q></gloss></mentioned>,
<mentioned xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
<w>korzyc</w>
<gloss><q>унижать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
<w>káirinti</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
<w>karinât</w>
<gloss><q>раздражать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
<w>χάρνη</w>
<gloss><q>наказание</q></gloss></mentioned> (<name>Гесихий</name>). В случае
правильности данной этимологии <oRef/> осмысляется как <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">наказание души</q>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">Likely a compound from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūd"><cit>
<orth>ūd</orth>
</cit>|<cit>
<orth>od</orth>
</cit>
<gloss><q>soul</q></gloss></ref> и <w>xar</w>. The last part (not used as a separate
word) is similar to <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>кара</w>
<gloss><q>punishment</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w>korъ</w>
<gloss><q>insult</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>blame</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
<w>korzyc</w>
<gloss><q>humiliate</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
<w>káirinti</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
<w>karinât</w>
<gloss><q>annoy</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
<w>χάρνη</w>
<gloss><q>punishment</q></gloss></mentioned> (<name>Hesychius</name>). In case this
etymology is correct, <oRef/> is understood as <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">punishment of
the soul</q>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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