298 lines
19 KiB
XML
298 lines
19 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ūsong</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_ūsong" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d5207e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ūsong</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>osongæ</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5207e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>шалаш</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>shelter</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>шатер</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>tent</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>хижина</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>hut</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(пастухов, охотников, пасечников, ночевых
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сторожей)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(of shepherds, hunters, beekeeprs, night
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guards)</note>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<note type="comment">; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mūsong" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>mūsong</w>
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<gloss>id</gloss></ref>
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</note>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5207e75">
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Bezan ūsonǵy næ wydī</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Бежана не было в шалаше</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Bezan was not at the shelter</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 78</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
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</usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ci fænduj aræx ku goc kænoncæ fijjæwttæ ew
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rawænæj īnnæ rawænmæ, wæddær ǧæwama ficcagdær sæ næwæg bunati fæzzinna kʼolæsær
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osongæ, wædta art; ænæ oni fijjæwttæn æxsævæ næ fedawuj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как бы часто ни кочевали пастухи с одного места
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на другое, все же на новом месте в первую очередь должна появиться хижина с покатой
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крышей и огонь (очаг); без них пастухам не приличествует (проводить) ночь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">no matter how often shepherds roamed from one
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place to another, a hut with a sloping roof and fire (hearth) were first to appear
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at their new place of staying; shepherds should not spend the night without them</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1956 VII 50</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
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</usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xwasʒawtæ ærrast æncæ sæ osongæmæ sexwar
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kænunmæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">косари направились в свой шалаш завтракать</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the mowers went to their shelter to have some
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breakfast</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 98</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
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</usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Soslan je ’mbæltti osongæ kænunmæ fæwwaǧta,
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æxwædæg ba randæj (cawæni)</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Сослан оставил своих товарищей делать шатер, а
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сам отправился (на охоту)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Soslan left his comrades to make a tent, and he
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himself went out (hunting)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 62</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
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</usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Gæbic avd æmbalej xæccæ i cawæni ku ranæxstær
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uj…, isturgomaw osongæ wæd iskænuj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Габиц с семью товарищами отправляется на
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охоту…, ставит большой шатер</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Gæbic goes hunting with seven of his comrades…
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sets up a big tent</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
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<biblScope>100</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
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</usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xæʒari bæsti sæmæ es osongæ bujnagæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вместо домов у них шатры из войлока</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they have tents made out of felt instead of
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normal houses</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/>
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<biblScope>II 45</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
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</usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ǧædgæron zærond osongæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на опушке леса старый шалаш</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">an old tent stands at the forest edge</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>96</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
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</usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">medosongæ, arti farsmæ saǧæsi badt
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bakodton</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в хижине у огня я присел задумавшись</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I was sitting thinking by the fire at my
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hut</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>122</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
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</usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(muddartæn) bærzond osongæ ǧæmpæj æmbarzt,
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æxsæræ wesæj bid</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(у пасечников) высокий шалаш, покрытый соломой,
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сплетенный из прутьев орешника</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(the beekeepers have) a tall thatched hut,
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woven from hazel twigs</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Sam."/>
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<biblScope>100</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
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</usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ku ærizær æj, wædta alkedær æxecæn osongæ
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iskodta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда наступил вечер, каждый построил себе
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шалаш</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when the evening came, everyone built himself a
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hut</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>21</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
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</usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ǧæwajgæs Elqan xurxuræj osongi xussuj; ew
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kʼwar ǧæri ibæl ku nikkodtan, wædta cæf arsi ǧun-ǧun bakodta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сторож Елкан храпя спит в шалаше; когда мы его
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несколько раз окликнули, он заревел, как раненый медведь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Elqan the guard is sleeping in his tent
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snoring; when we called him several times, he roared like a wounded bear</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/>
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<biblScope>191<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">2</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">— Цитаты на форму <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mūsong"><w>mūsong</w></ref> см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_II"/>
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<biblScope>133–134</biblScope></bibl></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">— Quotations for <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mūsong"><w>mūsong</w></ref> see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_II"/>
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<biblScope>133–134</biblScope></bibl></note>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Сопоставление с <mentioned xml:lang="dar"><lang/>
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<w>usang</w>
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<gloss><q>шалаш</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSt."/>
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<biblScope>84</biblScope></bibl>) не дает этимологического решения, так как даргинское
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слово стоит на дагестанской почве изолированно и само нуждается в разъяснении. Быть может,
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следует возводить к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">aušanaka-</w>
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<gloss><q>горящий очаг</q></gloss></mentioned> от <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">auš</w>
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<gloss><q>гореть</q></gloss></mentioned> с редукцией безударного гласного, как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rong"><w>rong</w></ref> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">frānaka-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fynk"><w>fynk</w></ref> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">fainaka-</w></mentioned> и
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т. п. Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>oṣ-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>oṣati</w>
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<gloss><q>гореть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>uṣna-</w>
|
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<gloss><q>горячий</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="non"><lang/>
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<w>usli</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="gmh"><lang/>
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<w>usele</w>
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<gloss><q>горячая зола</q></gloss></mentioned>. Если так, то <oRef/> означгло
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первоначально место, <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">где горит огонь очага</q>, <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">очаг</q>. В кочевом пастушеском быту древних предков осетин
|
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слово могло быть основным для временного жилища, тогда как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæʒar"><w>xæʒar</w>
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<gloss><q>дом</q></gloss></ref> появилось позднее, в условиях оседлой жизни. Форма
|
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<mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>mūsong</w></mentioned> — результат контаминации с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mūs"><w>mūs</w>
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<gloss><q>ток</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>место, куда свозят сено и сжатый
|
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хлеб</q></gloss></ref>? — <mentioned xml:lang="dar"><lang/>
|
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<w>usang</w>
|
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<gloss><q>шалаш</q></gloss></mentioned> следует в этом случае рассматривать как один из
|
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аланских элементов в этом языке; ср. <mentioned xml:lang="dar"><lang/>
|
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<w>idbag</w>
|
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<gloss><q>пророк</q></gloss></mentioned> из <ref type="xr" target="#entry_idawæg" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
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<w>idawæg</w></ref> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
|
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<biblScope>349</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
|
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<etym xml:lang="en">Comparing with <mentioned xml:lang="dar"><lang/>
|
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<w>usang</w>
|
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<gloss><q>shelter</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSt."/>
|
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<biblScope>84</biblScope></bibl>) is not an option since the Dargwa word needs an
|
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explanation on its own (other Dagestanian languages do not provide a basis for
|
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|
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comparison). Perhaps we could trace it back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">aušanaka-</w>
|
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<gloss><q>burning hearth</q></gloss></mentioned> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">auš</w>
|
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<gloss><q>to burn</q></gloss></mentioned> with an unstressed vowel reduction as in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rong"><w>rong</w></ref> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">frānaka-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fynk"><w>fynk</w></ref> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">fainaka-</w></mentioned>
|
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|
and others. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
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|
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<w>oṣ-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>oṣati</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>to burn</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>uṣna-</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>hot</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="non"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>usli</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="gmh"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>usele</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>ember</q></gloss></mentioned>. In this case <oRef/> first meant <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">place where the hearth's fire is burning</q>, <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">hearth</q>. In the nomadic pastoral life of the ancient
|
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|
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ancestors of the Ossetians the word could be the main one for a temporary dwelling while
|
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|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæʒar"><w>xæʒar</w>
|
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<gloss><q>house</q></gloss></ref> appeared later with the emergence of the sedentary
|
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|
|
lifestyle. The <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>mūsong</w></mentioned> is the result of contamination with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mūs"><w>mūs</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>barnyard</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>place where hay and
|
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|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230526T162042+0300" comment="он действительно compressed?"?>compressed<?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
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|
|
bread are brought</q></gloss></ref>? — <mentioned xml:lang="dar"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>usang</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>shelter</q></gloss></mentioned> should then be viewed as one of the Alan
|
|||
|
|
borrowings; cf. <mentioned xml:lang="dar"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>idbag</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>prophet</q></gloss></mentioned> from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_idawæg" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>idawæg</w></ref> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>349</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
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|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|