111 lines
9.3 KiB
XML
111 lines
9.3 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ʒæmby</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_ʒæmby" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d478e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>ʒæmby</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d478e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ʒæmbu</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d478e72"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>лапа</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>paw</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d478e82">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d478e84">
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<quote>arsy ʒæmbytæj ma tyxæj rairvæstæn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>я с трудом спасся из лап медведя</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>I barely escaped from the bear's paws</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d478e99">
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<quote>razzag galīw ʒæmby æværd wydī mard kʼæbylajyl</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>передняя левая лапа (собаки) лежала на мертвом щенке</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the front left paw (of the dog) was lying on a dead puppy</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/><biblScope>88</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Вместе с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæmbyn"/> ‘зевать’
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относится к группе индоевропейских слов со значением ‘хватать’, ‘пасть’, ‘зуб’ и
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пр.: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e208" xml:id="mentioned_d478e123" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>zamb-</w>
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<gloss><q>разбивать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e216" xml:id="mentioned_d478e131" xml:lang="sa"><lang/>
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<w>jambh-</w>
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<gloss><q>хватать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e224" xml:id="mentioned_d478e139" xml:lang="sa"><w>jambha-</w>
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<gloss><q>зуб</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e230" xml:id="mentioned_d478e145" xml:lang="sa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>пасть</q></gloss></mentioned>,<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e237" xml:id="mentioned_d478e152" xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
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<w>*zemb-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e242" xml:id="mentioned_d478e157" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>зуб</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e247" xml:id="mentioned_d478e162" xml:lang="en"><lang/>
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<w>comb</w>
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<gloss><q>гребень</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e252" xml:id="mentioned_d478e170" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>γομφος</w>
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<gloss><q>зуб</q></gloss></mentioned>. В основе идеосемантики лежит
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представление о „хватающем органе“; отсюда с одной стороны ‘пасть’, ‘зуб’, с
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другой — ‘лапа’. Не должно поэтому удивлять, что ту же основу находим в значении
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‘зевать’ (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæmbyn"/>) Не беремся судить, является
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ли только лингвистическим курьезом близость между <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zæmby</hi> и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e262" xml:id="mentioned_d478e180" xml:lang="it"><lang/>
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<w>zampa</w>
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<gloss><q>лапа</q></gloss></mentioned>. Несмотря на полное совпадение формы
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и значения, трудно найти для него историческое обоснование (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e271" xml:id="mentioned_d478e189" xml:lang="it"><lang/>
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<w>zampa</w></mentioned> производят — правда, не очень убедительно — от
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e276" xml:id="mentioned_d478e194" xml:lang="gem"><lang/>
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<w>tappe</w>
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<gloss><q>лапа</q></gloss></mentioned>).</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Together with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæmbyn"/> ‘yawn’
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relates to the group of Indo-European words with the meaning ‘grab’, ‘jaw’,
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‘tooth’ etc.: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e123" xml:id="mentioned_d478e208" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>zamb-</w>
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<gloss><q>crash</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e131" xml:id="mentioned_d478e216" xml:lang="sa"><lang/>
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<w>jambh-</w>
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<gloss><q>grab</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e139" xml:id="mentioned_d478e224" xml:lang="sa"><w>jambha-</w>
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<gloss><q>tooth</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e145" xml:id="mentioned_d478e230" xml:lang="sa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>jaw</q></gloss></mentioned>,<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e152" xml:id="mentioned_d478e237" xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
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<w>*zemb-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e157" xml:id="mentioned_d478e242" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>zub</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e162" xml:id="mentioned_d478e247" xml:lang="en"><lang/>
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<w>comb</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e170" xml:id="mentioned_d478e252" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>γομφος</w>
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<gloss><q>tooth</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ideosemantics is based on the
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concept of a “grasping part of the body”; hence, on the one hand, ‘mouth’,
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‘tooth’, on the other, ‘paw’. It should therefore come as no surprise that we
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find the same stem in the meaning of ‘yawn’ (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæmbyn"/>) We do not undertake to judge whether the proximity
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between <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zæmby</hi> and<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e180" xml:id="mentioned_d478e262" xml:lang="it"><lang/>
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<w>zampa</w>
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<gloss><q>paw</q></gloss></mentioned>. Despite the complete coincidence of
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the form and the meaning, it is difficult to find a historical justification for
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it. (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e189" xml:id="mentioned_d478e271" xml:lang="it"><lang/>
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<w>zampa</w></mentioned> derive — however, it is not very convincing — from
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e194" xml:id="mentioned_d478e276" xml:lang="gem"><lang/>
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<w>tappe</w>
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<gloss><q>paw</q></gloss></mentioned>).</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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