abaev-xml/entries/abaev_ʒæmby.xml
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<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ʒæmby</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_ʒæmby" xml:lang="os">
<form xml:id="form_d478e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>ʒæmby</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d478e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ʒæmbu</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d478e72"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>лапа</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>paw</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d478e82">
<abv:example xml:id="example_d478e84">
<quote>arsy ʒæmbytæj ma tyxæj rairvæstæn</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>я с трудом спасся из лап медведя</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>I barely escaped from the bear's paws</q>
</abv:tr>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d478e99">
<quote>razzag galīw ʒæmby æværd wydī mard kʼæbylajyl</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>передняя левая лапа (собаки) лежала на мертвом щенке</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>the front left paw (of the dog) was lying on a dead puppy</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/><biblScope>88</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
</abv:exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Вместе с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæmbyn"/> ‘зевать’
относится к группе индоевропейских слов со значением ‘хватать’, ‘пасть’, ‘зуб’ и
пр.: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e208" xml:id="mentioned_d478e123" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>zamb-</w>
<gloss><q>разбивать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e216" xml:id="mentioned_d478e131" xml:lang="sa"><lang/>
<w>jambh-</w>
<gloss><q>хватать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e224" xml:id="mentioned_d478e139" xml:lang="sa"><w>jambha-</w>
<gloss><q>зуб</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e230" xml:id="mentioned_d478e145" xml:lang="sa"><w/>
<gloss><q>пасть</q></gloss></mentioned>,<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e237" xml:id="mentioned_d478e152" xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
<w>*zemb-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e242" xml:id="mentioned_d478e157" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>зуб</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e247" xml:id="mentioned_d478e162" xml:lang="en"><lang/>
<w>comb</w>
<gloss><q>гребень</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e252" xml:id="mentioned_d478e170" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
<w>γομφος</w>
<gloss><q>зуб</q></gloss></mentioned>. В основе идеосемантики лежит
представление о „хватающем органе“; отсюда с одной стороны ‘пасть’, ‘зуб’, с
другой — ‘лапа’. Не должно поэтому удивлять, что ту же основу находим в значении
‘зевать’ (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæmbyn"/>) Не беремся судить, является
ли только лингвистическим курьезом близость между <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zæmby</hi> и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e262" xml:id="mentioned_d478e180" xml:lang="it"><lang/>
<w>zampa</w>
<gloss><q>лапа</q></gloss></mentioned>. Несмотря на полное совпадение формы
и значения, трудно найти для него историческое обоснование (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e271" xml:id="mentioned_d478e189" xml:lang="it"><lang/>
<w>zampa</w></mentioned> производят — правда, не очень убедительно — от
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e276" xml:id="mentioned_d478e194" xml:lang="gem"><lang/>
<w>tappe</w>
<gloss><q>лапа</q></gloss></mentioned>).</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">Together with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæmbyn"/> yawn
relates to the group of Indo-European words with the meaning grab, jaw,
tooth etc.: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e123" xml:id="mentioned_d478e208" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>zamb-</w>
<gloss><q>crash</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e131" xml:id="mentioned_d478e216" xml:lang="sa"><lang/>
<w>jambh-</w>
<gloss><q>grab</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e139" xml:id="mentioned_d478e224" xml:lang="sa"><w>jambha-</w>
<gloss><q>tooth</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e145" xml:id="mentioned_d478e230" xml:lang="sa"><w/>
<gloss><q>jaw</q></gloss></mentioned>,<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e152" xml:id="mentioned_d478e237" xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
<w>*zemb-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e157" xml:id="mentioned_d478e242" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>zub</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e162" xml:id="mentioned_d478e247" xml:lang="en"><lang/>
<w>comb</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e170" xml:id="mentioned_d478e252" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
<w>γομφος</w>
<gloss><q>tooth</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ideosemantics is based on the
concept of a “grasping part of the body”; hence, on the one hand, mouth,
tooth, on the other, paw. It should therefore come as no surprise that we
find the same stem in the meaning of yawn (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæmbyn"/>) We do not undertake to judge whether the proximity
between <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zæmby</hi> and<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e180" xml:id="mentioned_d478e262" xml:lang="it"><lang/>
<w>zampa</w>
<gloss><q>paw</q></gloss></mentioned>. Despite the complete coincidence of
the form and the meaning, it is difficult to find a historical justification for
it. (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e189" xml:id="mentioned_d478e271" xml:lang="it"><lang/>
<w>zampa</w></mentioned> derive — however, it is not very convincing — from
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d478e194" xml:id="mentioned_d478e276" xml:lang="gem"><lang/>
<w>tappe</w>
<gloss><q>paw</q></gloss></mentioned>).</etym>
</entry>
</body>
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