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abaev-xml/entries/abaev_7xsnyf.xml

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2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ᵆxsnyf</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_7xsnyf" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
<form xml:id="form_d1236e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ᵆxsnyf</orth></form>
<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æxsnirf</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d1236e69">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>щепка</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>shiver</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">syxag ūs æxsnyfy wælæ zyngtæ felvæsta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">соседка набрала на щепу огня</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">neighbor got fire on wood chips</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
<biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ʒakko īw
sta<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230330T194443+0300" comment="плохо пропечатана буква"?>r<?oxy_comment_end ?>d
qīl æxsnyftæ gængæ axasta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Дзакко понес большую дубину, обращая ее в
щепья</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230609T165701+0300" comment="?"?>Ʒ<?oxy_comment_end ?>akko
carried a large club, turning it into chips</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
<biblScope>II 243</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">arxajy mæg˳yræg, fælæ jæ bon lenk kænyn næw,
don æj æxsnyfaw skʼæfy</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">старается бедняга (выплыть), но плавать не в
силах, (и) река увлекает его, как щепку</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the poor fellow is trying (to swim out), but he
is unable to swim, (and) the river carries him away like a chip</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
<biblScope>1959 III 70</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">artag sæm æxsnyf dær nal wyd</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">топлива (дров) у них не осталось ни щепки</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they did not have a sliver left for fuel</q>
</tr>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">færætty kʼūppytæ nal æncajync, ūrs æxsnyftæ
gælæbūtaw fæjnærdæm tæxync</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не смолкает стук топоров, белые щепья
разлетаются во все стороны, как бабочки</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the sound of axes does not stop, white chips
scatter in all directions, like butterflies</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
<biblScope>I 17</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Употребительно
выражение <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tūg æxsnyfæj nwazyn</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пить (чью-либо) кровь <oRef>æxsnyfæj</oRef>
(<q>щепкой</q>??)</q>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> в смысле
<q>люто ненавидеть (кого-либо)</q></note>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> в смысле
<q>люто ненавидеть (кого-либо)</q></note>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пить (чью-либо) кровь <oRef>æxsnyfæj</oRef>
(<q>щепкой</q>??)</q>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment"> в смысле <q>люто
ненавидеть (кого-либо)</q></note>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>33</biblScope></bibl>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
<biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> и др.</note>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> и др.</note>
</example>. Здесь <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">щепка</q> не дает разумного смысла.
Может быть, <oRef>xsnyfæj</oRef> вместо <w type="rec">xsnysæj</w>, ср. <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>xšnuš</w>
<gloss><q>доставляющий удовольствие</q></gloss></mentioned>. В этом случае приведенное
выражение означало бы собственно <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">пить (чью-либо) кровь
с удовольствием</q>.</note>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="footnote">A common
expression <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tūg æxsnyfæj nwazyn</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пить (чью-либо) кровь <oRef>æxsnyfæj</oRef>
(<q>щепкой</q>??)</q>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> в смысле
<q>люто ненавидеть (кого-либо)</q></note>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> в смысле
<q>люто ненавидеть (кого-либо)</q></note>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">drink (someoneʼs) blood <oRef>æxsnyfæj</oRef>
(<q>with a shiver</q>??)</q>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment"> in the meaning <q>to hate
(someone)</q></note>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>33</biblScope></bibl>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
<biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> и др.</note>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> etc.</note>
</example>. Here <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">shiver</q> does not make any sense.
May be, <oRef>xsnyfæj</oRef> instead of <w type="rec">xsnysæj</w>, cf. <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>xšnuš</w>
<gloss><q>giving pleasure</q></gloss></mentioned>. In this case, the above expression
would actually mean <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">drink (someoneʼs) blood with
pleasure</q>.</note>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Связано c <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnīwyn"><w>xsnīwyn</w>
<gloss><q>тесать</q></gloss></ref> и содержит базу <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">skeip-</w>, <w type="rec">skip-</w>
<gloss><q>тесать</q>, <q>щепить</q></gloss> и т. п.</mentioned> со вставочным <c>-n-</c>
(<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">sknip-</w></mentioned>). Более архаичная
дигорская форма <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">æxsnirf</oRef> закономерно возводится к
<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">skif-ra-</w></mentioned>. Ср.
<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230330T200016+0300" comment="??"?><mentioned><lang>cреднеангл.</lang>
<w>scifra</w>
<gloss><q>щепка</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
<w>shiver</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
<w>scivaro</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>щепка</q>, <q>обломок</q></gloss></mentioned>.<note type="footnote">Мы были
неправы (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
<biblScope>222</biblScope></bibl>), оспаривая возможность развития <c>sk</c> →
<c>xs</c> в осетинском, которое допускал <bibl><author>Szemerényi</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG">ZDMG </ref>
<date>1951</date>
<biblScope> CI 216</biblScope>)</bibl>. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnīwyn" xml:lang="os"><lang>Ос.</lang>
<w>xsnīwyn</w></ref>, <oRef>xsnyf</oRef> подтверждают, что такое развитие было
возможно. Ср. еще <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xsitt"/> | <ref type="xr" target="#entry_skʼot"/>
<gloss><q>свист</q></gloss>; обратное развитие: <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>likṣa-</w></mentioned> — <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lyskʼ" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
<w>lyskʼ</w>
<w>гнида</w></ref>.</note> Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnīwyn" xml:lang="os"><w>xsnīwyn</w></ref>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">Connected with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnīwyn"><w>xsnīwyn</w>
<gloss><q>hew</q></gloss></ref> and contains a stem <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">skeip-</w>, <w type="rec">skip-</w>
<gloss><q>hew</q>, <q>splinter</q></gloss> etc.</mentioned> with an inserted <c>-n-</c>
(<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">sknip-</w></mentioned>). A more archaic Digor
form <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">æxsnirf</oRef> regularly goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">skif-ra-</w></mentioned>. Cf.
<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230330T200016+0300" comment="??"?><mentioned><lang>Middle
English</lang>
<w>scifra</w>
<gloss><q>shiver</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
<w>shiver</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
<w>scivaro</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>shiver</q>, <q>chip</q></gloss></mentioned>.<note type="footnote">We were
wrong (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
<biblScope>222</biblScope></bibl>), challenging the development of <c>sk</c> →
<c>xs</c> in Ossetic, allowed by <bibl><author>Szemerényi</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG">ZDMG </ref>
<date>1951</date>
<biblScope> CI 216</biblScope>)</bibl>. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnīwyn" xml:lang="os"><lang>Ossetic</lang>
<w>xsnīwyn</w></ref>, <oRef>xsnyf</oRef> confirm that such a development was possible.
Cf. also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xsitt"/> | <ref type="xr" target="#entry_skʼot"/>
<gloss><q>whistle</q></gloss>; reverse development: <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>likṣa-</w></mentioned> — <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lyskʼ" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
<w>lyskʼ</w>
<w>nit</w></ref>.</note> Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnīwyn" xml:lang="os"><w>xsnīwyn</w></ref>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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