182 lines
14 KiB
XML
182 lines
14 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ᵆxsnyrsyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_7xsnyrsyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d1439e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ᵆxsnyrsyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>ᵆxsnyrst</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æxsnirsun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>æxsnirst</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1439e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>чихать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>sneeze</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>æræxsnyrsyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">чихнуть</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sneexe one time</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">læppū dywwæ xatty
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<oRef>æræxsnyrsta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">юноша чихнул дважды</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the young man sneezed twice</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<biblScope>1975 VIII 26</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ḱyzg tamako ‘sūlæfyd æmæ jæ fynʒy x˳ynḱʼyty
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smīdæg īs, æxsnyrsyn bajdydta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">девушка вдохнула (носом) табак, и он влетел ей
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в ноздри, она стала чихать</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the girl inhaled tobacco through her nose, and
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it flew into her nostrils, she began to sneeze</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 204</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Начальный <c>x-</c> — протетический, как в , как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnūdyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">xsyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">æxsnun</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnarcʼy"/> и др. Основа
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230331T225508+0300" comment="сделала ос, но не уверена"?><mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>snir-s-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> связана со
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звукоподражательной индоевропейской базой <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">sner-</w>, <w type="rec">snir-</w>, <w type="rec">snur-</w>
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<gloss><q>фыркать</q>, <q>гудеть</q>, <q>чихать</q></gloss></mentioned> и т. п. Ср.
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<mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
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<w>sneer</w>
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<gloss><q>фыркать</q>, <q>усмехаться</q></gloss>, <w>snore</w>
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<gloss><q>храпеть</q></gloss>, <w>snarl</w>
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<gloss><q>рычать</q>, <q>ворчать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="gmh"><lang/>
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<w>snurren</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>schnurren</w>
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<gloss><q>трещать</q></gloss>, <w>schnarchen</w>
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<gloss><q>храпеть</q>, <q>сопеть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="gmh"><lang/>
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<w>snurren</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>schnurren</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>гудеть</q>, <q>жужжать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>snarglỹs</w>
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<gloss><q>сопля</q></gloss></mentioned>. Некоторые другие индоевропейские языки отражают
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вариантные базы <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">(k)sneu-</w>,
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<w>sneu-s-</w></mentioned> (<c>r</c> || <c>w</c> по вариативности сонантов: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_FL"/>
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<date>1973</date>
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<biblScope>IV 192</biblScope></bibl>): <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>,
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<w>išnōša</w>, <w>šinōša</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa-x-dial"><lang>(диал.)</lang>
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<w>ušniže</w>, <w>ašniz</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>šinīzgak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>šinix̌w</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>xunūš</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>чихание</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="nds"><lang>н.нем.</lang>
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<w>snūsen</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="no"><lang/>
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<w>snuse</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>сопеть</q>, <q>хрипеть</q>, <q>фыркать</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned><?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230331T233052+0300" comment="NB"?><mentioned><lang>среднеангл.</lang>
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<w>snesen</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
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<w>sneeze</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>чихать</q></gloss></mentioned>, (без начального <c>s-</c>)
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<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
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<w>niosan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>niesen</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>чихать</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. (ср.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/>
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<biblScope>15</biblScope></bibl>). О распределении лексики <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">чихания</q> в индоевропейских языках см.:
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<bibl><author>Порциг</author>. <title>Членение индоевропейской языковой
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области</title>. <pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1964</date>, <biblScope>стр.
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312</biblScope></bibl>. — От базы <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">sner-</w></mentioned> мы имеем в осетинском, без начального <c>s-</c>, еще один глагол
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— <ref type="xr" target="#entry_næryn"><w>næryn</w>
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<gloss><q>греметь</q></gloss></ref>.<lb/><bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер.</author>
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<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
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<biblScope>64</biblScope>
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<note type="comment">(<quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">viell. verwandt mit np.
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<mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>ašnōša</w>, <w>išnōša</w>
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<gloss><q>das Niesen</q></gloss></mentioned></q></quote>)</note></bibl>. —
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<bibl><author>Henning</author>. <author>Mitteliranisch</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_HO">HO</ref>
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<biblScope>111, n. 2
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(<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230331T233657+0300" comment="какой язык?"?><w type="rec">xšnauša-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>)</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
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<biblScope>55</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The initial <c>x-</c> is prothetic, as in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnūdyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">xsyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">æxsnun</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnarcʼy"/> и др. The stem
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230331T225508+0300" comment="сделала ос, но не уверена"?><mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>snir-s-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> is related to the
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onomatopoeic Indo-European base <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">sner-</w>, <w type="rec">snir-</w>, <w type="rec">snur-</w>
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<gloss><q>snort</q>, <q>buzz</q>, <q>sneeze</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
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<w>sneer</w>, <w>snore</w>, <w>snarl</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="gmh"><lang/>
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<w>snurren</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>schnurren</w>
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<gloss><q>crackle</q></gloss>, <w>schnarchen</w>
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<gloss><q>snore</q>, <q>sniffle</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="gmh"><lang/>
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<w>snurren</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>schnurren</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>buzz</q>, <q>hum</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>snarglỹs</w>
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<gloss><q>snot</q></gloss></mentioned>. Some other Indo-European languages reflect other
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variants <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">(k)sneu-</w>, <w>sneu-s-</w></mentioned>
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(<c>r</c> || <c>w</c> according to the variability of sonants: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_FL"/>
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<date>1973</date>
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<biblScope>IV 192</biblScope></bibl>): <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>,
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<w>išnōša</w>, <w>šinōša</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa-x-dial"><lang/>
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<w>ušniže</w>, <w>ašniz</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>šinīzgak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>šinix̌w</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>xunūš</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>sneezing</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="nds"><lang>н.нем.</lang>
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<w>snūsen</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="no"><lang/>
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<w>snuse</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>sniffle</q>, <q>wheeze</q>, <q>snort</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned><?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230331T233052+0300" comment="NB"?><mentioned><lang>среднеангл.</lang>
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<w>snesen</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
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<w>sneeze</w></mentioned></mentioned>, (without the initial <c>s-</c>)
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<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
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<w>niosan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>niesen</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>sneeze</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. (cf.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/>
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<biblScope>15</biblScope></bibl>). For the distribution of the <q>sneezing</q>
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vocabulary in Indo-European languages, see: <bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Porzig</author>. <title>Členenie indoevropejskoj jazykovoj oblasti</title>.
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<pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1964</date>, <biblScope>p.
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312</biblScope></bibl></bibl>. — From the stem <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">sner-</w></mentioned> we have another verb in Ossetic — <ref type="xr" target="#entry_næryn"><w>næryn</w>
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<gloss><q>thunder</q></gloss></ref> without the initial <c>s-</c><lb/><bibl>Ws.
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<author>Miller.</author>
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<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
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<biblScope>64</biblScope>
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<note type="comment">(<quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">viell. verwandt mit np.
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<mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>ašnōša</w>, <w>išnōša</w>
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<gloss><q>das Niesen</q></gloss></mentioned></q></quote>)</note></bibl>. —
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<bibl><author>Henning</author>. <author>Mitteliranisch</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_HO">HO</ref>
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<biblScope>111, n. 2
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(<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230331T233657+0300" comment="какой язык?"?><w type="rec">xšnauša-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>)</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
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<biblScope>55</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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