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2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Syrdon</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_Syrdon" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
<form xml:id="form_d5154e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>Syrdon</orth></form>
<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>Sirdon</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d5154e69">
<def xml:lang="ru">имя одного из популярнейших героев осетинского (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">нартовского</q>) эпоса. Отличался хитростью,
находчивостью и остроумием, но также злоязычием и склонностью ко всяким козням. Его
отравленный язык сеял повсюду вражду и раздоры. В сказаниях он часто характеризуется как
<mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>Narty fydbylyz</phr>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">злой гений Нартов</q></gloss></mentioned>. Он
враждовал с Сосланом и стал виновником гибели этого прославленного героя. По некоторым
вариантам (например: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОТ"/>
<biblScope>43—50</biblScope></bibl>), он привел к гибели также другого знаменитого
Нарта, Батраза, подстрекнув его к роковой схватке с небесными силами. Образ Сирдона и
его роль в гибели Сослана <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Dumézil</hi> сравнивает с
образом Локи в скандинавской мифологии и с той ролью, которую Локи сыграл в гибели бога
Балдра (<bibl><author>Dumézil</author>. <title>Loki</title>. <pubPlace>Paris</pubPlace>,
<biblScope>1948</biblScope></bibl>). Много общего у Сирдона также с героем
ирландских саг — злокозненным Брикриу</def>
<def xml:lang="en">the name of one of the most popular heroes of the Ossetian (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Nart</q>) epic. He was exclusively cunning, resourceful
and ingenious, but also wicked and prone to trickery. His poisoned tongue sowed enmity
and strife everywhere. He is often described in stories as <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>Narty fydbylyz</phr>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Nartsʼ evil genius</q></gloss></mentioned>.
He was at enmity with Soslan and became the culprit in the death of this illustrious
hero. In some variants (e.g., <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОТ"/>
<biblScope>43—50</biblScope></bibl>), he also led to the death of another famous Nart,
Batraz, inciting him to a fatal battle with the heavenly forces. The image of Sirdon and
his role in the death of Soslan was compared by <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Dumézil</hi> to the image of Loki in Scandinavian mythology and to the role that Loki
played in the death of the god Baldr (<bibl><author>Dumézil</author>.
<title>Loki</title>. <pubPlace>Paris</pubPlace>,
<biblScope>1948</biblScope></bibl>). Sirdon also has much in common with the hero of the
Irish sagas, the insidious Bricriu</def>
</sense>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>Syrdony</oRef> xæʒar kæm wydīs, ūj nīḱī
ʒydta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">никто не знал, где находится дом Сирдона</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">no one knew where Sirdonʼs house was</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/>
<biblScope>165</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Narty fydbylyz Syrdon ærbambældīs Balsæǵy
Calxyl... — Soslanæn jæ wærǵytyl atūl, x˳yssgæ k˳yd kæna aftæmæj, — zæǧy jyn
<oRef>Syrdon</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">злой гений Нартов Сирдон повстречался с Колесом
Балсага... — Прокатись по коленям Сослана, когда он будет спать, — говорит ему
Сирдон</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the evil genius of the Narts Sirdon met the
Wheel of Balsag... — Ride on Soslanʼs knees when he sleeps, Sirdon told him</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/>
<biblScope>138</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Narti xijnæ <oRef>Sirdon</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Нартов злокозненный Сирдон</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">insidious Sirdon of Narts</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>II 61</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>Sirdon</oRef> bælasi særmæ
isxiztæj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Сирдон влез на верхушку дерева</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Sirdon climbed to the top of the tree</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>62</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Еще <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Шифнер</hi> (1868) производил имя
<oRef>Syrdon</oRef> | <oRef>Sirdon</oRef> от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syrd"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">syrd</w>
<w xml:lang="os-x-digor">sird</w>
<gloss><q>зверь</q></gloss></ref>. Если так, то <oRef>Syrdon</oRef> примыкает к другим
<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">зоофорным</q> именам нартовского эпоса — таким, как
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wærxæg"/> (от <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">varka-</w>
<gloss><q>волк</q></gloss></mentioned>), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wyryzmæg"/> (от
<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">vardza-</w>
<gloss><q>кабан</q></gloss></mentioned>). Формант <c>-on</c> — патронимический. Имена,
снабженные этим формантом, характерны для старой антропонимии осетин; ср. имена
легендарных родоначальников осетинских фамилий <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Cæraʒon</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Qusægon</w></mentioned>,
<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Cʼæxīlon</w></mentioned>, а в данном словаре также имена
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_Ojnon"/> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Sidæmon"/>. —
Данный герой и его имя известны также другим народам Кавказа, у которых бытует нартовский
эпос: <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
<w>Šerdan</w>, <w>Širdan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
<w>Šərtan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
<w>(Botoqo) Širtta</w>, <w>(Botoqo) Šertuqo</w></mentioned>. В топонимии Балкарии
встречается название <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><w>Šərdan-aiaq-əzə</w>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">след ноги Шырдана</q></gloss><note type="bibl">
(<bibl><author xml:lang="ru">Коков, Шахмурзаев</author>. <title xml:lang="ru">Балк. топоним. сл.</title>
<pubPlace xml:lang="ru">Нальчик</pubPlace>, <date>1970</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 149</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОТ"/>
<biblScope>54</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ЯМ"/>
<biblScope>1935 V 71</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><title xml:lang="ru">Изв. Сев.-Осет.
научно-исслед. инст.</title>
<biblScope>X <hi rendition="#rend_italic">1</hi> 69—72</biblScope></bibl>. —
<bibl><author>Dumézil</author>. <title>Loki</title>. <pubPlace>Paris</pubPlace>,
<biblScope>1948</biblScope>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 169 и
сл</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
<biblScope>42</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Schifner</hi> (1868) traced back
<oRef>Syrdon</oRef> | <oRef>Sirdon</oRef> to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syrd"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">syrd</w>
<w xml:lang="os-x-digor">sird</w>
<gloss><q>beast</q></gloss></ref>. If so, then <oRef>Syrdon</oRef> come close to other
<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">zoophoric</q> names of the Nart epic, such as <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wærxæg"/> (from <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">varka-</w>
<gloss><q>wolf</q></gloss></mentioned>), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wyryzmæg"/> (from
<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">vardza-</w>
<gloss><q>boar</q></gloss></mentioned>). The formant <c>-on</c> is patronymic. Names
equipped with this formant are typical of the old anthroponymy of the Ossetians; cf. the
names of the legendary ancestors of Ossetian families <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Cæraʒon</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Qusægon</w></mentioned>,
<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Cʼæxīlon</w></mentioned>, and, in the present dictionary,
also the names <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Ojnon"/> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Sidæmon"/>. — This hero and his name are also known to other peoples of
the Caucasus having the Nart epic: <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
<w>Šerdan</w>, <w>Širdan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
<w>Šərtan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
<w>(Botoqo) Širtta</w>, <w>(Botoqo) Šertuqo</w></mentioned>. In the toponymy of Balkaria
there is a name <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><w>Šərdan-aiaq-əzə</w>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Shyrdanʼs footprint</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><author xml:lang="en">Kokov, Shakhmurzaev</author>. <title xml:lang="en">Balkarskij toponimičeskij slovarʼ</title> [Balkar toponymic dictionary]. <pubPlace xml:lang="ru">Nalchik</pubPlace>, <date>1970</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="en">p.
149</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОТ"/>
<biblScope>54</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ЯМ"/>
<biblScope>1935 V 71</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><title xml:lang="en">Izvestija Severo-Osetinskogo
naučno-issledovatelʼskogo instituta</title> [Proceedings of the North Ossetian Research Institute]
<biblScope>X <hi rendition="#rend_italic">1</hi> 69—72</biblScope></bibl>. —
<bibl><author>Dumézil</author>. <title>Loki</title>. <pubPlace>Paris</pubPlace>,
<biblScope>1948</biblScope>, <biblScope xml:lang="en">p. 169 ff</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
<biblScope>42</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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