184 lines
12 KiB
XML
184 lines
12 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">arxajyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_arxajyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240110T215012+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d2393e66" type="lemma"><orth>arxajyn</orth>
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<form xml:id="form_d2393e68" type="participle"><orth>arxajd</orth></form></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2393e71">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2393e72">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>действовать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to act</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2393e81">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>стараться</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to endeavour</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2393e90">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>прилагать усилия</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to make an effort</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2393e99">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>трудиться</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to labour</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2393e108">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>возиться</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to toil</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2393e118">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2393e120">
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<quote>mæ <oRef>arxajd</oRef>, mæ tyxmæ læg kodta xælæg</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>моей работе, моей силе завидовал человек</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>man envied my work, my strength</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>57</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2393e139">
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<quote><oRef>arxajy</oRef> jæ artyl īw sawdaræg ūs</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>возится над огнем женщина в трауре</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>a woman in mourning is toiling over the fire</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>43</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2393e158">
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<quote>(Tamar) ænæræncajgæjæ k˳ysta, <oRef>arxajdta</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>(Тамара) неустанно работала, трудилась</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>(Tamar) worked tirelessly, worked hard</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>36</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2393e177">
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<quote>īwdaʒyg xīvændæj cæmæn <oRef>arxajūt</oRef>?</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>почему вы все время действуете своевольно?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>why do you act arbitrarily all the time?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>25</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2393e196">
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<quote>Q˳ydajnat ma bæxy īftynʒynyl <oRef>arxajdta</oRef>, aftæ Gosæzi, jæ
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binojnag, xorʒeny tyxtæj cydær radavta</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Кудайнат еще возился, запрягая лошадь, когда Госази, его жена,
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вынесла что-то завернутое в хурджин</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Qudaynat was still busy harnessing the horse when Gosæzi, his wife,
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brought out something wrapped in a saddle bag</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
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<biblScope>55</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Сращение преверба <ref type="xr" target="#entry_a"/> с основой
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<w>rxa-</w> (из <w type="rec">kra-</w>), восходящей к общеиранскому
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<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>kar-</w>
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<gloss><q>делать</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gramm._sogd."/>
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<biblScope>I 54</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; ср.
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аналогичное развитие: <w type="rec">gar</w> → <w type="rec">gra</w> → <w type="rec">rɣа</w> → <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arǧawyn"/>, где, однако,
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удлиняющим основу элементом выступает не <c>j</c>, как в <oRef/>, а <c>w</c>. Из
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других иранских языков ср. <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2393e287" xml:id="mentioned_d2393e222" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>ark</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2393e292" xml:id="mentioned_d2393e227" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ark</w> (<w>ʼrk</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2393e297" xml:id="mentioned_d2393e232" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>ark</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2393e303" xml:id="mentioned_d2393e238" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>yark</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2393e308" xml:id="mentioned_d2393e243" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>arg</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>дело</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>работа</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2393e322" xml:id="mentioned_d2393e257" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>ʽorkūn</w>
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<gloss>id.</gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSL"/>
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<biblScope>XIX 144</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2393e331" xml:id="mentioned_d2393e266" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>hοrɣ</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
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<biblScope>II 215</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. См. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kænyn"/>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Fusion of the preverb <ref type="xr" target="#entry_a"/> with
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the stem <w>rxa-</w> (from <w type="rec">kra-</w>), going back to the common
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Iranian <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>kar-</w>
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<gloss><q>to do</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gramm._sogd."/>
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<biblScope>I 54</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; cf. a
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similar development in <w type="rec">gar</w> → <w type="rec">gra</w> → <w type="rec">rɣа</w> → <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arǧawyn"/>, where,
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however, the stem-lengthening element is not <c>j</c>, as in <oRef/>, but
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<c>w</c>. In other Iranian languages, cf. <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2393e287" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>ark</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2393e292" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ark</w> (<w>ʼrk</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2393e297" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>ark</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2393e303" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>yark</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2393e308" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>arg</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>deed</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>work</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2393e322" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>ʽorkūn</w>
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<gloss>id.</gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSL"/>
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<biblScope>XIX 144</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2393e331" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>hοrɣ</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
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<biblScope>II 215</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kænyn"/>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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