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<titleStmt >
<title > Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition= "#rend_italic" > axsyn_1</hi> </title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base= "../pubstmt.xml" > <p > Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p> </publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc >
<bibl xml:lang= "ru" > <author > Абаев, Василий Иванович</author> .
<title > Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title> . Т
<biblScope unit= "volume" > I</biblScope> . A– ʼ <pubPlace > М </pubPlace> :
<publisher > Наука</publisher> , <date > 1958</date> . С <biblScope unit= "page" > ??– </biblScope> .</bibl>
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<rendition xml:id= "rend_italic" scheme= "css" > font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id= "rend_smallcaps" scheme= "css" > font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id= "rend_singlequotes" scheme= "css" scope= "q" > quotes: "‘ ’ </rendition>
<rendition xml:id= "rend_doublequotes" scheme= "css" scope= "q" > quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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<entry xml:id= "entry_axsyn_1" n= "1" xml:lang= "os" abv:completeness= "complete" >
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240124T131135+0300" comment="checked"?>
<form xml:id= "form_d2952e66" xml:lang= "os-x-iron" type= "lemma" > <orth > axsyn</orth>
<form xml:id= "form_d2952e68" type= "participle" > <orth > axst</orth> </form> </form> <?oxy_comment_end ?>
<form xml:id= "form_d2952e71" xml:lang= "os-x-digor" type= "dialectal" > <orth > axæssun</orth>
<form xml:id= "form_d2952e73" type= "participle" > <orth > axæsst</orth> </form> </form>
<sense xml:id= "sense_d2952e76" >
<sense xml:id= "sense_d2952e77" >
<abv:tr xml:lang= "ru" >
<q > ловить</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "en" >
<q > to catch</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense xml:id= "sense_d2952e86" >
<abv:tr xml:lang= "ru" >
<q > захватывать</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "en" >
<q > to grip</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense xml:id= "sense_d2952e95" >
<abv:tr xml:lang= "ru" >
<q > занимать</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "en" >
<q > to occupy</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense xml:id= "sense_d2952e104" >
<abv:tr xml:lang= "ru" >
<q > арестовывать</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "en" >
<q > to arrest</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</sense>
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id= "exampleGrp_d2952e114" >
<abv:example xml:id= "example_d2952e116" >
<quote > myst zaǧta: <q rendition= "#rend_doublequotes" > Wædæ mæ gædy mawal
<oRef > axsæd</oRef> </q> </quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "ru" >
<q > мышь сказала: <q rendition= "#rend_doublequotes" > Так пусть кошка меня
больше не ловит</q> </q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "en" >
<q > the mouse said: <q rendition= "#rend_doublequotes" > So may the cat not
catch me anymore</q> </q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl > <ref type= "bibl" target= "#src_О Т />
<biblScope > 62</biblScope> </bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id= "example_d2952e135" >
<quote > <oRef > ærcaxsta</oRef>
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240124T125447+0300" comment="NB: можно ли bæxty 'gas?"?> bæxtæn
se ’ <?oxy_comment_end ?> x˳yzdær</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "ru" >
<q > поймал лучшую из лошадей</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "en" >
<q > he caught the best of the horses</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl > <ref type= "bibl" target= "#src_Munk." />
<biblScope > 20</biblScope> </bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id= "example_d2952e154" >
<quote > bilet kæmæ næj, ūdon <oRef > axsgæ kænæm</oRef> </quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "ru" >
<q > у </q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "en" >
<q > we arrest those who do not have a ticket</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl > <ref type= "bibl" target= "#src_С е а />
<biblScope > 89</biblScope> </bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id= "example_d2952e173" xml:lang= "os-x-digor" >
<usg > <lang /> </usg>
<quote > saw xalon nekæd <oRef > axæssuj</oRef> nard wærccæ</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "ru" >
<q > черная ворона никогда не поймает жирной перепелки</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "en" >
<q > a black crow will never catch a fat quail</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl > <ref type= "bibl" target= "#src_Gurdž._Æduli" />
<biblScope > 72</biblScope> </bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id= "example_d2952e195" xml:lang= "os-x-digor" >
<usg > <lang /> </usg>
<quote > taǧd alke æ bæx <oRef > axæssæd</oRef> </quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "ru" >
<q > живо пусть каждый ловит своего коня</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "en" >
<q > let everyone catch their horse quickly</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl > <ref type= "bibl" target= "#src_Диг с а />
<biblScope > 2</biblScope> </bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id= "example_d2952e218" xml:lang= "os-x-digor" >
<usg > <lang /> </usg>
<quote > <oRef > axæssuncæ</oRef> tæxgæ cʼ </quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "ru" >
<q > они ловят птицу на лету</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "en" >
<q > they catch birds on the fly</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl > <ref type= "bibl" target= "#src_Bes." />
<biblScope > 60</biblScope> </bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id= "example_d2952e240" xml:lang= "os-x-digor" >
<usg > <lang /> </usg>
<quote > ʒæbodurtæ cid sæ tækkæ siwtæj <oRef > nijjaxæssidæ</oRef> </quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "ru" >
<q > горных туров он ловил за р о г а </q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "en" >
<q > he caught mountain goats by their horns</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl > <ref type= "bibl" target= "#src_Bes." />
<biblScope > 102</biblScope> </bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id= "example_d2952e262" xml:lang= "os-x-digor" >
<usg > <lang /> </usg>
<quote > bæǧænvadæj næ budurti gælæbotæ <oRef > axæston</oRef> </quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "ru" >
<q > босиком на наших равнинах я ловил бабочек</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "en" >
<q > barefoot, I was catching butterflies on our plains</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl > <ref type= "bibl" target= "#src_Qazb." />
<biblScope > 31</biblScope> </bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id= "example_d2952e284" xml:lang= "os-x-digor" >
<usg > <lang /> </usg>
<quote > wæxæn saǧæstæj <oRef > axæst</oRef> æj Tujǧani sær</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "ru" >
<q > такими думами занята голова Тугана</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "en" >
<q > Tuyghan’ </q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl > <ref type= "bibl" target= "#src_Bes._Ka_ke" />
<biblScope > 53</biblScope> </bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id= "example_d2952e306" xml:lang= "os-x-digor" >
<usg > <lang /> </usg>
<quote > gotoni kʼ <oRef > rajaxæsta</oRef> </quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "ru" >
<q > он ухватился за поручни плуга</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "en" >
<q > he grabbed the plough handles</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl > <ref type= "bibl" target= "#src_MD" />
<biblScope > 1934 III—IV 83</biblScope> </bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id= "example_d2952e328" >
<quote > x˳yssæg mæ <oRef > axsy</oRef> </quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "ru" >
<q > мне хочется спать</q>
<note type= "comment" xml:lang= "ru" > (буквально „сон меня ловит“)</note>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "en" >
<q > I want to sleep</q>
<note type= "comment" xml:lang= "en" > (literally <gloss > <q rendition= "#rend_doublequotes" > the sleep is catching
me</q> </gloss> )</note>
</abv:tr>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id= "example_d2952e350" >
<quote > æfsædtæ ’ <oRef > bacaxstoj</oRef> </quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "ru" >
<q > войска заняли всю равнину</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang= "en" >
<q > troops occupied the whole plain</q>
</abv:tr>
</abv:example>
</abv:exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang= "ru" > Начальное <mentioned xml:lang= "os" > <m > a-</m> —
<gloss > преверб</gloss> </mentioned> . Более старую форму основы дает
дигорский: <w > xæss-</w> ; с р <ref type= "xr" target= "#entry_nyxsyn" > <w xml:lang= "os-x-iron" > nyxsyn</w> <w xml:lang= "os-x-digor" > nixæssun</w> </ref> , <ref type= "xr" target= "#entry_xæssun" xml:lang= "os-x-digor" > <lang />
<w > xæssun</w>
<gloss > <q > вязнуть</q> </gloss> </ref> и <ref type= "xr" target= "#entry_ræxsyn" > <w xml:lang= "os-x-iron" > ræxsyn</w> <w xml:lang= "os-x-digor" > ræxæssun</w>
<gloss > <q > плести обувь <ref type= "xr" target= "#entry_ærḱʼ > <hi rendition= "#rend_smallcaps" > арчи</hi> </ref> </q> </gloss> </ref> ; <w > xæss-</w> (из <w type= "rec" > xæxs-</w> ), в свою очередь, восходит, возможно, к <mentioned corresp= "#mentioned_d2952e447" xml:id= "mentioned_d2952e376" xml:lang= "ira" > <lang />
<w type= "rec" > hag-s-</w> </mentioned> , где <m > s</m> — инхоативный суффикс;
исходное значение корня <mentioned xml:lang= "ira" > <w type= "rec" > hag</w>
<note type= "comment" > (<mentioned xml:lang= "ine" > <w > seĝh</w>
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<note type= "bibl" > по <bibl > <ref type= "bibl" target= "#ref_Walde-Pok." />
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<biblScope > II
481</biblScope> </bibl> </note> </mentioned> )</note>
<gloss > <q > захватывать</q> </gloss> </mentioned> ; с р <mentioned corresp= "#mentioned_d2952e457" xml:id= "mentioned_d2952e386" xml:lang= "inc-x-old" > <lang />
<w > sah-</w> , <w > sāhatḗ</w>
<gloss > <q > побеждать</q> </gloss> </mentioned> , <mentioned corresp= "#mentioned_d2952e465" xml:id= "mentioned_d2952e394" xml:lang= "ae" > <lang />
<w > haz-</w>
<gloss > <q > овладевать</q> </gloss> ,
<gloss > <q > захватывать</q> </gloss> </mentioned> , <mentioned corresp= "#mentioned_d2952e479" xml:id= "mentioned_d2952e408" xml:lang= "grc" > <lang />
<w > ἔχω</w>
<gloss > <q > держать</q> </gloss> , <gloss > <q > владеть</q> </gloss> ,
<gloss > <q > захватывать</q> </gloss> </mentioned> . Звуковое развитие
слова представляется в следующем виде: <w type= "rec" > āxag-s</w> → <w type= "rec" > ā-haxš</w> → <w > axæss-</w> → <w > axs-</w> ; что иронский также прошел через
ступень <w > axæss-</w> , подтверждается с <ref type= "xr" target= "#entry_axæst" xml:lang= "os-x-iron" > <lang />
<w > axæst</w>
<gloss > <q > арестант</q> </gloss> </ref> и <ref type= "xr" target= "#entry_axæst6d9on" > <w > axæstdon</w>
<gloss > <q > тюрьма</q> </gloss> </ref> . Семантически менее вероятна связь с <ref type= "xr" target= "#entry_xæssyn" > <w > xæssyn</w>
<gloss > <q > нести</q> </gloss>
<note type= "comment" > (из <mentioned xml:lang= "ira" > <w type= "rec" > xarš-</w> </mentioned> )</note> </ref> .</etym>
<etym xml:lang= "en" > The initial <mentioned xml:lang= "os" > <m > a-</m> is a
<gloss > preverb</gloss> </mentioned> . An older form of the stem is
evidenced by Digor: <w > xæss-</w> ; cf. <ref type= "xr" target= "#entry_nyxsyn" > <w xml:lang= "os-x-iron" > nyxsyn</w> <w xml:lang= "os-x-digor" > nixæssun</w> </ref> , <ref type= "xr" target= "#entry_xæssun" xml:lang= "os-x-digor" > <lang />
<w > xæssun</w>
<gloss > <q > to get stuck</q> </gloss> </ref> and <ref type= "xr" target= "#entry_ræxsyn" > <w xml:lang= "os-x-iron" > ræxsyn</w> <w xml:lang= "os-x-digor" > ræxæssun</w>
<gloss > <q > to weave <ref type= "xr" target= "#entry_ærḱʼ > <foreign > archi</foreign> </ref> shoes</q> </gloss> </ref> ;
<w > xæss-</w> (from <w type= "rec" > xæxs-</w> ), in its turn, probably goes back
to <mentioned corresp= "#mentioned_d2952e376" xml:id= "mentioned_d2952e447" xml:lang= "ira" > <lang />
<w > *hag-s-</w> </mentioned> , where <m > s</m> is an inchoative suffix; the
initial meaning of the root <mentioned xml:lang= "ira" > <w type= "rec" > hag</w>
<note type= "comment" > (<mentioned xml:lang= "ine" > <w > seĝh</w>
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<note type= "bibl" > according to <bibl > <ref type= "bibl" target= "#ref_Walde-Pok." />
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<biblScope > II
481</biblScope> </bibl> </note> </mentioned> )</note> is <gloss > <q > to take
hold of</q> </gloss> </mentioned> ; cf. <mentioned corresp= "#mentioned_d2952e386" xml:id= "mentioned_d2952e457" xml:lang= "inc-x-old" > <lang />
<w > sah-</w> , <w > sāhatḗ</w>
<gloss > <q > to win</q> </gloss> </mentioned> , <mentioned corresp= "#mentioned_d2952e394" xml:id= "mentioned_d2952e465" xml:lang= "ae" > <lang />
<w > haz-</w>
<gloss > <q > to acquire</q> </gloss> , <gloss > <q > to grab</q> </gloss> </mentioned> ,
<mentioned corresp= "#mentioned_d2952e408" xml:id= "mentioned_d2952e479" xml:lang= "grc" > <lang />
<w > ἔχω</w>
<gloss > <q > to hold</q> </gloss> , <gloss > <q > to possess</q> </gloss> ,
<gloss > <q > to get hold of</q> </gloss> </mentioned> . The phonetic
development of the word seems to have had the following form: <w type= "rec" > āxag-s</w> → <w type= "rec" > ā-haxš</w> → <w > axæss-</w> → <w > axs-</w> ; that
the Iron dialect has also passed through the step <hi rendition= "#rend_italic" > axæss-</hi> is confirmed with certainty by the <ref type= "xr" target= "#entry_axæst" xml:lang= "os-x-iron" > <lang /> words <w > axæst</w>
<gloss > <q > prisoner</q> </gloss> </ref> and <ref type= "xr" target= "#entry_axæst6d9on" > <w > axæstdon</w>
<gloss > <q > prison</q> </gloss> </ref> . A connection to <ref type= "xr" target= "#entry_xæssyn" > <w > xæssyn</w>
<gloss > <q > to carry</q> </gloss>
<note type= "comment" > (from <mentioned xml:lang= "ira" > <w type= "rec" > xarš-</w> </mentioned> )</note> </ref> is semantically less
likely.</etym>
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