158 lines
15 KiB
XML
158 lines
15 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dæstæg</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_dæstæg" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d4344e66" type="lemma"><orth>dæstæg</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4344e69"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пучок колосьев, помещающихся в руке</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>a handful of wheat heads</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d4344e79">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4344e81">
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<quote>xorz xoræn jæ dæstæg wæzzaw væjjy</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>у хорошо (уродившегося) хлеба бывает тяжелый <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">дастаг</hi></q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>well (grown) bread has a heavy <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">dastag</hi></q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Примыкает к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e305" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e102" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>*dastak</w>
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<gloss><q>пучок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e313" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e110" xml:lang="pal"><w/>
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<gloss><q>букет</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e319" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e116" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>dast</w>
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<gloss><q>рука</q></gloss></mentioned> + <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ak</hi>). В осетинском слово не
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может рассматриваться как оригинальное, так как начальный <hi rendition="#rend_italic">d</hi> указывает на
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персидскую языковую среду (ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e327" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e124" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>zasta-</w>
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<gloss><q>рука</q></gloss></mentioned>); к тому же слово <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e335" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e132" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>zasta-</w></mentioned> не оставило следов в осетинском. Поэтому
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приходится думать об усвоении из персидского в средневековую или даже древнюю
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эпоху. Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e341" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e138" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>dasta</w>
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<gloss><q>пучок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e349" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e146" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>букет</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр., <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e355" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e152" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>dastak</w>
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<gloss><q>пригоршня</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4344e160" xml:lang="pal"><w/>
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<gloss><q>горсть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e363" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e166" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>destek</w>
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<gloss><q>пучок</q></gloss></mentioned>; в значении ‘рука’ персидская форма
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e371" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e174" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>dasta-</w></mentioned> (вместо <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zasta</hi>-) широко распространилась и в
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восточноиранских языках: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e376" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e180" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>dast</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e382" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e185" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>δust</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e387" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e190" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>lost</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e392" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e195" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>las</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e397" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e200" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>dast</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e402" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e205" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>δst</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e407" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e211" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>dastaka-</w></mentioned>. Ср. также усвоенные из иранского <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e413" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e216" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>dastʼakʼ</w>
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<gloss><q>запястье</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e421" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e224" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>dastʼangi</w>
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<gloss><q>браслет</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e429" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e232" xml:lang="ka"><w/>
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<gloss><q>запястье</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e435" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e238" xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
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<w>dastʼak</w>
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<gloss><q>дощечка для тиснения орнамента на жертвенном
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хлебе</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><biblScope>Xp. Вост. II, № 1, стр.
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9</biblScope></bibl>). То же слово в новоперсидской форме налично в ос.
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_dasta"/> ‘5 сафьянов’. Специальное значение,
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связанное с работой жнеца, несомненно существует и в других языках, но не
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отмечено словарями (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bedir_Xan"/></bibl> дает
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для <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e452" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e255" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>destī</w>
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<gloss><q>gerbe</q></gloss></mentioned>). Связь этого значения с ‘рукой’
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естественна; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e460" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e263" xml:lang="ka-x-mokhev"><lang/>
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<w>xeleuli</w>
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<gloss><q>полная горсть колосьев</q></gloss></mentioned> от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e468" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e271" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>xeli</w>
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<gloss><q>рука</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e476" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e279" xml:lang="lzz"><lang/>
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<w>xesi</w>
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<gloss><q>горсть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e484" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e288" xml:lang="lzz"><w/>
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<gloss><q>маленький сноп</q></gloss></mentioned> от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e491" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e294" xml:lang="lzz"><lang/>
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<w>xe</w>
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<gloss><q>рука</q></gloss></mentioned>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">It relates to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e102" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e305" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>*dastak</w>
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<gloss><q>bunch</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e110" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e313" xml:lang="pal"><w/>
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<gloss><q>bundle</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e116" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e319" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>dast</w>
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<gloss><q>hand</q></gloss></mentioned> + <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ak</hi>). The word cannot be
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considered as original in Ossetic, because the initial <hi rendition="#rend_italic">d</hi> points to the
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Persian linguistic environment (cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e124" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e327" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>zasta-</w>
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<gloss><q>hand</q></gloss></mentioned>); moreover, the word <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e132" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e335" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>zasta-</w></mentioned> has not left traces in Ossetic. Therefore it is
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necessary to think about borrowing from Persian in the Middle ages or even in
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the Ancient times. Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e138" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e341" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>dasta</w>
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<gloss><q>bundle</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e146" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e349" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>bunch</q></gloss></mentioned> etc, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e152" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e355" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>dastak</w>
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<gloss><q>handful</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e166" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e363" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>destek</w>
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<gloss><q>bunch</q></gloss></mentioned>; the Persian form <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e174" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e371" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>dasta-</w></mentioned> (instead of <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zasta</hi>-) is widespread in
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East-Iranian languages in the meaning ‘hand’: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e180" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e376" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>dast</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e185" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e382" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>δust</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e190" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e387" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>lost</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e195" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e392" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>las</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e200" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e397" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>dast</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e205" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e402" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>δst</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e211" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e407" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>dastaka-</w></mentioned>. Cf. also borrowed from Iranian <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e216" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e413" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>dastʼakʼ</w>
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<gloss><q>wrist</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e224" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e421" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>dastʼangi</w>
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<gloss><q>bracelet</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e232" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e429" xml:lang="ka"><w/>
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<gloss><q>wrist</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e238" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e435" xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
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<w>dastʼak</w>
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<gloss><q>plate for embossing an ornament on a sacrificial
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bread</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><biblScope>Xp. Вост. II, № 1, стр.
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9</biblScope></bibl>). The same word in a new Persian form is found in
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Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dasta"/> ‘5 morocco leathers’. A special
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meaning connected with mower work is undoubtedly found in other languages, but
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it is not mentioned in dictionaries (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bedir_Xan"/></bibl> gives for <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e255" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e452" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>destī</w>
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<gloss><q>gerbe</q></gloss></mentioned>). The connection of this meaning
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with ‘hand’ is natural; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e263" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e460" xml:lang="ka-x-mokhev"><lang/>
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<w>xeleuli</w>
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<gloss><q>a handful of wheat heads</q></gloss></mentioned> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e271" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e468" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>xeli</w>
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<gloss><q>hand</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e279" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e476" xml:lang="lzz"><lang/>
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<w>xesi</w>
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<gloss><q>handful</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e288" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e484" xml:lang="lzz"><w/>
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<gloss><q>small sheaf</q></gloss></mentioned> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4344e294" xml:id="mentioned_d4344e491" xml:lang="lzz"><lang/>
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<w>xe</w>
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<gloss><q>hand</q></gloss></mentioned>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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