137 lines
10 KiB
XML
137 lines
10 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dard</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_dard" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d3584e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>dard</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d3584e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>idar</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3584e72">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3584e73">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>далекий</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>distant</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3584e82">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>далеко</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>far (from)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3584e92">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3584e94">
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<quote>dard ū mæ fændag</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>далек мой путь</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>my way is long</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3584e113">
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<quote>fælyǧtæn īw dard</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>я убегал далеко</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>I was running far away</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>59</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3584e132" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>eci doni bilæbæl, idard cardæj ew xan</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>далеко на берегу этой реки жил один хан</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>one khan lived far on the banks of this river</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
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<biblScope>10<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">4</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3584e154">
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<quote>nywwaǧta jæ īw dard qædy</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>оставил его в отдаленном лесу</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>left him in a distant forest</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
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<biblScope>116</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Начальный <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i</hi>- (из преверба <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi</hi>-) в дигорском и конечный -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">d</hi> не оставляют сомнения, что перед нами
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застывшее прош. причастие от глагола, означавшего ‘удаляться’ и т. п.: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i-dard</hi> ← *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi-tarta</hi>-. Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3584e242" xml:id="mentioned_d3584e176" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>vi-tar-</w>
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<gloss><q>уносить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3584e250" xml:id="mentioned_d3584e184" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>удалять</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3584e256" xml:id="mentioned_d3584e190" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>vitīrṇatara-</w>
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<gloss><q>дальше расположенный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3584e262" xml:id="mentioned_d3584e196" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>vi-tar-</w>
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<gloss><q>переправлять</q></gloss></mentioned>. Простой глагол <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tar</hi>- сохранился в осетинском в значении
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‘гнать’, ‘угонять’ (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæryn_1"/>). Сближение со
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славянским <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3584e273" xml:id="mentioned_d3584e207" xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
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<w n="0">даль</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3584e278" xml:id="mentioned_d3584e213" xml:lang="sla"><w n="0">дальний</w></mentioned>
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и пр. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
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<biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>) не объясняет глагольного характера
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3584e285" xml:id="mentioned_d3584e221" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>dard</w></mentioned> и не поддерживается другими иранскими параллелями.
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Сопоставление c <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3584e290" xml:id="mentioned_d3584e226" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>dərəta-</w>
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<gloss><q>расколотый</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
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<biblScope>30, 35</biblScope></bibl>) неприемлемо со стороны
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семантики.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The initial <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i</hi>- (from the
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preverb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi</hi>-) in Digor form and the final -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">d</hi> leave no doubt that it is a lexicalized past
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participle form of the verb meaning ‘move away’ etc.: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i-dard</hi> ← *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi-tarta</hi>-. Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3584e176" xml:id="mentioned_d3584e242" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>vi-tar-</w>
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<gloss><q>take away</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3584e184" xml:id="mentioned_d3584e250" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>delete</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3584e190" xml:id="mentioned_d3584e256" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>vitīrṇatara-</w>
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<gloss><q>further located</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3584e196" xml:id="mentioned_d3584e262" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>vi-tar-</w>
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<gloss><q>transport to</q></gloss></mentioned>. A simple verb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tar</hi>- remains in Ossetic in the meaning ‘drive
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out’, ‘chase away’ (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæryn_1"/>). Bringing
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together with Slavic <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3584e207" xml:id="mentioned_d3584e273" xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
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<w>dalь</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3584e213" xml:id="mentioned_d3584e278" xml:lang="sla"><w>dalьnij</w></mentioned> etc.
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/><biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>) does not explain the erbal character
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of <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3584e221" xml:id="mentioned_d3584e285" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>dard</w></mentioned> and is not supported by other Iranian parallels. The
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comparison with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3584e226" xml:id="mentioned_d3584e290" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>dərəta-</w>
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<gloss><q>cracked</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>30, 35</biblScope></bibl>) is
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unacceptable due to semantic reasons.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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