193 lines
16 KiB
XML
193 lines
16 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fīdīwæg</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_fīdīwæg" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d1527e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>fīdīwæg</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d1527e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>fedewæg</orth><form xml:id="form_d1527e71" type="variant"><orth>fedog</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1527e74"><sense xml:id="sense_d1527e75"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>глашатай</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>public crier</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1527e84"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вестник</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>messenger</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1527e93"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>герольд</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>herald</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d1527e103">
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">отмечено также</note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">there is also a word</note>
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<form xml:id="form_d1527e111" type="lemma"><orth>fīdīwæn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1527e114"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>место (возвышение, вышка), откуда <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">fīdīwæg</hi> объявлял новости,
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общественные постановления, приглашения на военные экспедиции, на
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пиршества, поминки и пр.</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>place (elevation, tower) from where <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">fīdīwæg</hi> announced news,
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public decrees, invitations to military expeditions, feasts,
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commemorations, etc.</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1527e125">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1527e127">
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<quote>fīdīwæǵy arvystoj, æmæ nyqqær kodta: „…Sozryqojy æfsædtæ baq˳ydī;
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ærtæ ḱī ū, ūdonæj īw xæʒargæs nywwaʒūt, dywwæ ḱī ū, ūdon dywwæ dær
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racæwænt“</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>послали герольда, и он крикнул: «Созрыко понадобились войска; у кого
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(в доме) трое, пусть один остается сторожить дом, у кого двое, —
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пусть идут оба»</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>They sent a herald, and he shouted: “Sozryko needed troops; who has
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three in the house, let one remain to guard the house, who has two,
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let both go”</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/><biblScope>I 42</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1527e146">
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<quote>fīdīwæg fidīwæny særmæ sxyztīs æmæ nyqqær kodta: „Wyryzmæg k˳yvd
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kæny! šæwynqom ḱī ū, šæwgæ rakænæt; šæwynqom ḱī næw, ūj xæssgæ
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rakænūt!“</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>герольд поднялся на верхушку <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">fīdīwæn</hi>'a и прокричал: «Урузмаг
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устраивает пир! кто способен идти, пусть приходит; кто идти
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неспособен, того несите!»</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the herald climbed to the top of <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">fīdīwæn</hi> and shouted: “Uruzmag is
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having a feast! whoever is able to go, let him come; who is unable
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to walk, carry him!"</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>I
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178</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1527e165" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>Soslan duwwæ fedogemæn zaǧta: „Fæǧǧær kænetæ: isoni boni cæwunǧom ka
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ʽj, etæ ewguræj dær avd nadej astæwmæ… kud racæwoncæ“</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Сослан сказал двум герольдам: «Крикните: завтра все, кто способен
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ходить, пусть придут на скрещение семи дорог»</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Soslan said to the two heralds: "Shout out: tomorrow let everyone who
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is able to walk come to the crossing of seven roads."</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>II
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65</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1527e187">
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<quote>(Soslan) fedog fæǧǧær kænun kodta: „Soslan Gori fedarbæl æfsædtæ
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kænūj!“</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Сослан велел герольду прокричать: «Сослан идет на крепость Гори с
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войском!»</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Soslan ordered the herald to shout: "Soslan is going to the Gori
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fortress with hus army!"</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>II
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47</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1527e206" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>e adtæj ǧæjon fedog Dado … dæs æma insæj anzej bærcæ e fedogæj
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fæxxattæj stur ʒilli ǧæwungti</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>то был аульный герольд Дадо… около тридцати лет ходил он герольдом
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по улицам большого общества</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>it was the village herald Dado … for about thirty years he walked
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as a herald through the streets of a large society</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/><biblScope>115–116</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1527e229" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>dæ qur sfælmast æj, æma fedogæn næbal bæzzis</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>твой голос ослабел, и ты не годишься больше в герольды</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>your voice has weakened and you are no longer fit for a herald</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/><biblScope>116</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1527e251" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>wællag sinxi fedog Cærazon, dællag sinxi fedog ba Sibeka racudæncæ ma
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fæǧǧær kodtoncæ…</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>герольд верхнего (нартовского) квартала Царазон и герольд нижнего
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квартала Сибека вышли и возгласили…</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the herald of the upper (Nart) quarter Tsarazon and the herald of the
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lower quarter Sibeka went out and shouted…</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Разлагаем на <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fī-dīw-æg</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fe-dew-æg</hi> из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*pati-dav-aka</hi>
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от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1527e325" xml:id="mentioned_d1527e273" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>dav-</w>
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<gloss><q>бежать</q></gloss></mentioned> с перебоем огласовки <hi rendition="#rend_italic">а</hi> ||
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">е</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i</hi>, как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rǧævyn"/> || <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7lǧīvyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ændaʒyn"/> ||
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ændīzyn</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aryn"/> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">erun</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_axadyn"/> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">axedun</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qazyn"/> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ænqīzyn</hi> и др. Если такое толкование правильно, то <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fīdīwæg</hi> значило
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собственно „бегун“, „courrier“. С другим превербом эта же основа — в
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">æn-dew-un</hi> ‘сметь’, ‘дерзать’ ← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*ham-dav-</hi>. Иранские и индоевропейские
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соответствия см. под <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ændewun"/>, а также под <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dawyn"/> ‘метать икру’. Сопоставление с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1527e350" xml:id="mentioned_d1527e298" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>paidā</w>
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<gloss><q>явный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1527e358" xml:id="mentioned_d1527e306" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>очевидный</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 56</biblScope></bibl>)
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связано с фонетическими трудностями. К тому же этимология персидского слова не
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установлена (см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">44 сл.</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The word is divided <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fī-dīw-æg</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fe-dew-æg</hi> from
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*pati-dav-aka</hi> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1527e273" xml:id="mentioned_d1527e325" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>dav-</w>
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<gloss><q>run</q></gloss></mentioned> with the ablaut alternation <hi rendition="#rend_italic">а</hi> ||
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">е</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i</hi>, as in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rǧævyn"/> || <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7lǧīvyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ændaʒyn"/> ||
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ændīzyn</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aryn"/> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">erun</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_axadyn"/> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">axedun</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qazyn"/> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ænqīzyn</hi> etc. If such interpretation is correct, then <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fīdīwæg</hi> meant
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‘runner’, ‘courrier’. This stem is also attested with another preverb — in
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">æn-dew-un</hi> ‘dare’, ‘venture’ ← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*ham-dav-</hi>. See Iranian and Indo-European
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correspondences under <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ændewun"/>, and also under
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_dawyn"/> ‘spawn’. The comparison to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1527e298" xml:id="mentioned_d1527e350" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>paidā</w>
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<gloss><q>explicit</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1527e306" xml:id="mentioned_d1527e358" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>evident</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 56</biblScope></bibl>) has
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phonetic difficulties. Moreover, the etymology of this Persian word is not clear
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(see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/><biblScope xml:lang="en">44
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ff.</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
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<note type="internal">в посткомменте к сенсу надо добавить пример!</note>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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