89 lines
7.3 KiB
XML
89 lines
7.3 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fyddær</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_fyddær" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d1295e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>fyddær</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d1295e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>fuddær</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1295e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d1295e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>хуже</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>worse</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1295e82"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>худший</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the worst</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1295e92">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1295e94">
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<quote>mæxīcæj fyddær… yssardton dæw dær</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>тебя я нашел в еще худшем положении, чем я сам</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>I found you in an even worse position than myself</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1295e113">
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<quote>mæxædæg fæcæwon — wæd noǵy fyddær</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>если я сам пойду (свататься), будет еще хуже</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>if I go (to get married) myself, it will be even worse</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>62</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<re xml:id="re_d1295e133">
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<form xml:id="form_d1295e135" type="lemma"><orth>bonvyddær</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1295e138"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>тот, кто с каждым днем делается хуже</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the one who gets worse every day</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Сравнительная степень от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyd"/> |
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">fud</hi> ‘зло’, ‘дурной’. Степени сравнения прилагательных ‘хороший’, ‘дурной’ во
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многих языках выявляют супплетивность, т. е. образование от нескольких основ
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(<hi rendition="#rend_italic">хороший</hi> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">лучше</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">malus</hi> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">peior</hi> и т. п.). Супплетивная
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тенденция не чужда и осетинскому. Положительная степень <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyd"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fud</hi> в значении ‘дурной’ самостоятельно не
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употребительна; она господствует лишь в сложных словах (см. %r3%r<ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyd"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fud</hi>). В самостоятельном употреблении мы находим
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævzær"/> в иронском и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_læǧuz"/> в дигорском. Напротив, в сравнительной степени
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">fyddær</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fuddær</hi> встречается несравненно чаще, чем <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævzærdær</hi> и
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">læǧuzdær</hi>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">A comparative form of <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyd"/> |
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">fud</hi> ‘evil’, ‘bad’. The degrees of comparison of the adjectives ‘good’ and
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‘bad’ are suppletive in many languages, i.e., they are derived from several
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stems (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">good</hi> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">better</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">malus</hi> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">peior</hi> etc.). The suppletive
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tendency is not alien to Ossetic as well. The positive degree <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyd"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fud</hi> in the meaning ‘bad’ is not used
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independently; it prevaild only in compound words (see %r3%r<ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyd"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fud</hi>). In the independent use we find <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævzær"/> in Iron and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_læǧuz"/> in Digor. On the contrary, in comparative form
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">fyddær</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fuddær</hi> is used much more often than <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævzærdær</hi> and
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">læǧuzdær</hi>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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