abaev-xml/entries/abaev_fyddær.xml
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fyddær</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_fyddær" xml:lang="os">
<form xml:id="form_d1295e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>fyddær</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d1295e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>fuddær</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d1295e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d1295e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>хуже</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>worse</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1295e82"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>худший</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>the worst</q>
</abv:tr></sense></sense>
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1295e92">
<abv:example xml:id="example_d1295e94">
<quote>mæxīcæj fyddær… yssardton dæw dær</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>тебя я нашел в еще худшем положении, чем я сам</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>I found you in an even worse position than myself</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d1295e113">
<quote>mæxædæg fæcæwon — wæd noǵy fyddær</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>если я сам пойду (свататься), будет еще хуже</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>if I go (to get married) myself, it will be even worse</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>62</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
</abv:exampleGrp>
<re xml:id="re_d1295e133">
<form xml:id="form_d1295e135" type="lemma"><orth>bonvyddær</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d1295e138"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>тот, кто с каждым днем делается хуже</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>the one who gets worse every day</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
</re>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Сравнительная степень от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyd"/> |
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">fud</hi> ‘зло’, ‘дурной’. Степени сравнения прилагательных ‘хороший’, ‘дурной’ во
многих языках выявляют супплетивность, т. е. образование от нескольких основ
(<hi rendition="#rend_italic">хороший</hi> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">лучше</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">malus</hi> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">peior</hi> и т. п.). Супплетивная
тенденция не чужда и осетинскому. Положительная степень <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyd"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fud</hi> в значении ‘дурной’ самостоятельно не
употребительна; она господствует лишь в сложных словах (см. %r3%r<ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyd"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fud</hi>). В самостоятельном употреблении мы находим
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævzær"/> в иронском и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_læǧuz"/> в дигорском. Напротив, в сравнительной степени
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">fyddær</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fuddær</hi> встречается несравненно чаще, чем <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævzærdær</hi> и
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">læǧuzdær</hi>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">A comparative form of <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyd"/> |
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">fud</hi> evil, bad. The degrees of comparison of the adjectives good and
bad are suppletive in many languages, i.e., they are derived from several
stems (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">good</hi> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">better</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">malus</hi> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">peior</hi> etc.). The suppletive
tendency is not alien to Ossetic as well. The positive degree <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyd"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fud</hi> in the meaning bad is not used
independently; it prevaild only in compound words (see %r3%r<ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyd"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fud</hi>). In the independent use we find <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævzær"/> in Iron and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_læǧuz"/> in Digor. On the contrary, in comparative form
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">fyddær</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fuddær</hi> is used much more often than <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævzærdær</hi> and
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">læǧuzdær</hi>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>