101 lines
8.2 KiB
XML
101 lines
8.2 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">gærdyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_gærdyn" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d3370e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>gærdyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d3370e68" type="participle"><orth>gærst</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d3370e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>igærdun</orth><form xml:id="form_d3370e73" type="participle"><orth>igarst</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3370e76"><sense xml:id="sense_d3370e77"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>прорезать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>cut through</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3370e86"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>прогрызать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>gnaw through</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3370e95"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>прокладывать путь</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>break the way</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3370e104"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вспарывать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>rip open</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3370e114">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3370e116">
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<quote>arf mīty fændag ajgærstam</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>в глубоком снегу мы проложили („прорезали“) путь</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>we paved (“cut”) our path through deep snow</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3370e131">
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<quote>myst kʼutu mawal gærda…</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>чтобы мышь больше не прогрызала зернохранилище…</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>so that the mouse no longer gnaws through the granary …</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/><biblScope>62</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3370e150" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>læqwæn æ saw-dor ragælsta ma saw xonx festadæj; kizgæ dær æj je
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ʽnsurtæj igærdgæ racudæj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>юноша кинул свой оселок, и он обратился в черную гору; девушка стала
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ее прогрызать своими клыками</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the young man threw his touchstone, and it turned into a black
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mountain; the girl began to gnaw it with her fangs</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>18%l11–12%l</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3370e194" xml:id="mentioned_d3370e175" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>*vi-kart-</w></mentioned>, сращение преверба <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi-</hi> с основой <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kart-</hi>
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‘резать’; см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærgævdyn"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævgærdun</hi>,
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævgærdæn</hi>. Иронский также имел в прошлом преверб <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i-</hi> (из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi-</hi>). Это
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видно как из озвончения <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k</hi> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">g</hi> (под влиянием предшествовавшего <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i</hi>),
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так и из того, что при присоединении превербов <hi rendition="#rend_italic">a-</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ba-</hi> старый <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i</hi>
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восстанавливается: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">a-j-gærdyn</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ba-j-gærdyn</hi>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>III 143</biblScope></bibl>;
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>17</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">It traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3370e175" xml:id="mentioned_d3370e194" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>*vi-kart-</w></mentioned>, a fusion of a preverb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi-</hi> with a stem
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kart-</hi> ‘cut’; see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærgævdyn"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævgærdun</hi>,
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævgærdæn</hi>. Iron also had in the past a preverb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i-</hi> (from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi-</hi>). It can
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be seen both from the voicing <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k</hi> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">g</hi> (under the influence of the
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preceding <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i</hi>), and from the fact that the addition of preverbs <hi rendition="#rend_italic">a-</hi>,
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ba-</hi> leads to the recovering of the old <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i</hi>: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">a-j-gærdyn</hi>,
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ba-j-gærdyn</hi>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>III 143</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>17</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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