abaev-xml/entries/abaev_gærdyn.xml
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<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">gærdyn</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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<entry xml:id="entry_gærdyn" xml:lang="os">
<form xml:id="form_d3370e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>gærdyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d3370e68" type="participle"><orth>gærst</orth></form></form>
<form xml:id="form_d3370e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>igærdun</orth><form xml:id="form_d3370e73" type="participle"><orth>igarst</orth></form></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3370e76"><sense xml:id="sense_d3370e77"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>прорезать</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>cut through</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3370e86"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>прогрызать</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>gnaw through</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3370e95"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>прокладывать путь</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>break the way</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3370e104"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>вспарывать</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>rip open</q>
</abv:tr></sense></sense>
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3370e114">
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3370e116">
<quote>arf mīty fændag ajgærstam</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>в глубоком снегу мы проложили („прорезали“) путь</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>we paved (“cut”) our path through deep snow</q>
</abv:tr>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3370e131">
<quote>myst kʼutu mawal gærda…</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>чтобы мышь больше не прогрызала зернохранилище…</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>so that the mouse no longer gnaws through the granary …</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/><biblScope>62</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3370e150" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote>læqwæn æ saw-dor ragælsta ma saw xonx festadæj; kizgæ dær æj je
ʽnsurtæj igærdgæ racudæj</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>юноша кинул свой оселок, и он обратился в черную гору; девушка стала
ее прогрызать своими клыками</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>the young man threw his touchstone, and it turned into a black
mountain; the girl began to gnaw it with her fangs</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>18%l1112%l</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
</abv:exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3370e194" xml:id="mentioned_d3370e175" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<w>*vi-kart-</w></mentioned>, сращение преверба <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi-</hi> с основой <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kart-</hi>
‘резать’; см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærgævdyn"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævgærdun</hi>,
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævgærdæn</hi>. Иронский также имел в прошлом преверб <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i-</hi> (из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi-</hi>). Это
видно как из озвончения <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k</hi><hi rendition="#rend_italic">g</hi> (под влиянием предшествовавшего <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i</hi>),
так и из того, что при присоединении превербов <hi rendition="#rend_italic">a-</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ba-</hi> старый <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i</hi>
восстанавливается: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">a-j-gærdyn</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ba-j-gærdyn</hi>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>III 143</biblScope></bibl>;
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>17</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">It traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3370e175" xml:id="mentioned_d3370e194" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<w>*vi-kart-</w></mentioned>, a fusion of a preverb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi-</hi> with a stem
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kart-</hi> cut; see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærgævdyn"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævgærdun</hi>,
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævgærdæn</hi>. Iron also had in the past a preverb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i-</hi> (from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi-</hi>). It can
be seen both from the voicing <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k</hi><hi rendition="#rend_italic">g</hi> (under the influence of the
preceding <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i</hi>), and from the fact that the addition of preverbs <hi rendition="#rend_italic">a-</hi>,
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ba-</hi> leads to the recovering of the old <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i</hi>: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">a-j-gærdyn</hi>,
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ba-j-gærdyn</hi>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>III 143</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>17</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
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