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abaev-xml/entries/abaev_lasyn.xml

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2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">lasyn</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml">
<p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">14–15</biblScope>.</bibl>
<bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">14–15</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_lasyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="questions">
<form xml:id="form_d5879e87" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>lasyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d5879e89" type="participle"><orth>last</orth></form></form>
<form xml:id="form_d5879e92" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>lasun</orth><form xml:id="form_d5879e94" type="participle"><orth>last</orth></form></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d5879e97" n="1"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>везти</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>carry</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
<sense xml:id="sense_d5879e107" n="2"><sense xml:id="sense_d5879e108"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>тащить</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>pull</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5879e117"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>волочить</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>drag</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5879e126"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>уносить</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>take away</q>
</abv:tr></sense><re xml:id="re_d5879e135">
<form xml:id="form_d5879e137" type="lemma"><orth>xī dardmæ lasyn</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d5879e140"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>сторониться</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>steer clear</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
</re><re xml:id="re_d5879e150">
<form xml:id="form_d5879e152" type="lemma"><orth>x˳ym lasyn</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d5879e155"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>боронить</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>to harrow, to drag (a field)</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
</re><re xml:id="re_d5879e165">
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20211010T232146+0300" comment="вытащил из списка примеров"?>
<form xml:id="form_d5879e169" type="lemma"><orth>donlast</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
<sense xml:id="sense_d5879e173"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>утопленник</q>
<note type="comment">(<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">унесённый водой</q>)</note>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>drowned person</q>
<note type="comment">(<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">carried by water</q>)</note>
</abv:tr></sense>
</re></sense>
<sense xml:id="sense_d5879e196" n="3"><sense xml:id="sense_d5879e197"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>вытаскивать</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>take out</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5879e206"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>извлекать</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>withdraw</q>
</abv:tr></sense></sense>
<sense xml:id="sense_d5879e217" n="4"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>снимать (одежду)</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>take off (clothes)</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
<sense xml:id="sense_d5879e227" n="5"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>весить</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>weigh</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
<sense xml:id="sense_d5879e237" n="6" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><usg><lang/></usg><sense xml:id="sense_d5879e240"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>скисать</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>go sour</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5879e249"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>свертываться</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>coagulate</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>clot</q>
</abv:tr><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (например, о крови)</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (e.g. of blood)</note><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_axsyn_1" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
<w><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20210926T150754+0300" comment="проверить, правильная ли лемма (1 или 2)"?>axsyn<?oxy_comment_end ?></w></ref>)</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_axsyn_1" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
<w><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20210926T150754+0300" comment="проверить, правильная ли лемма (1 или 2)"?>axsyn<?oxy_comment_end ?></w></ref>)</note></sense></sense>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; в составных глаголах экспрессивного значения
употребляется вместо <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kænyn"/> для выражения особенно
энергичного действия</note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; in other verbs with expressive meaning used instead of
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kænyn"/> to denote a particularly energetic action</note>
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5879e297" n="1">
<abv:example xml:id="example_d5879e299">
<quote>ærkarstam, ærlastam næ xortæ, næ xos</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>мы скосили, свезли наш хлеб, наше сено</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>we mowed down, we carried our bread, our hay</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>125</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="example_d5879e319">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īwyl cydæriddær lasta jæ ḱyræty … maxmæ
ærxawdtoj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">все, что он вез в своем обозе, досталось
нам</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">everything that he carried in his wagon-train
became ours (lit. fell to us)</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>135</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="example_d5879e342" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">avd wærdunemi … kinʒʒon ʒawmawtæ etæ
lasuncæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на семи арбах они везут вещи невесты</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">on seven carts they are carrying the bride’s
belongings</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
<biblScope>63<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">351</hi></biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</abv:exampleGrp>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d5879e373">
<example xml:id="example_d5879e375">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ḱī næm jæxædæg lyǧd, ḱi ta tyxxaj last
ū</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кто сам бежал к нам, а кого притащили силой</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">some ran to us themselves, and some were
dragged by force</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>135</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d5879e398">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">… ‘mæ jæ dalys jæ fædyl lasyn bajdejy, ‘mæ jæ
balasy soqq˳yr wæjyǵy skʼætmæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">… и овца начи­нает его волочить за собой и
приволакивает к хлеву кривого великана</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">… and the sheep begins dragging it behind and
drags it to the barn of the cross-eyed giant</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
<biblScope>42</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d5879e421">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wæd dæ mæxī kʼuxæj arqanæj alasʒynæn</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">тогда я собственной рукой уволоку тебя на
аркане</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">then I will drag you by a lasso with my own
hand</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>230</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d5879e444">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dony appærstoj sæ xyz æmæ ralastoj bīræ
kæsægtæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">закинули сеть в воду и вытащили много рыбы</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they threw a net into the water and took out a
lot of fish</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
<biblScope>92</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d5879e467">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">denǵyz æj … lasyntæ bajdydta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">море стало его уносить</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the sea started carrying him away</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
<biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d5879e491">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Iræf babæj ivulʒænæj æmæ lasʒænæj
kuræntti</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(река) Ираф опять разольется и унесет
мельницы</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(the river) Iraf will overflow again and will
carry away the watermills</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
<biblScope>126</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d5879e514">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Zarbegæj Zælda jæxī dardmæ lasta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Залда сторонилась Зарбега</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Zalda steered clear of Zarbeg</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>66</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d5879e537">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">k˳y bajtydtoj æmæ k˳y balastoj…</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда посеяли и заборонили…</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when they sowed and harrowed…</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
<biblScope>II 179</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d5879e561" n="3">
<example xml:id="example_d5879e563">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Axmæt jæ fæsronæj dambaca slasta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ахмат вытащил из-за пояса пистолет</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Akhmat took a pistol from behind his belt</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>59</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d5879e586">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æxsargard yslasyn mæ bon næw mænæn</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я не могу извлечь шашку</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I cannot withdraw the sabre</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d5879e609">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cy nyfsæj yslastaj kard?</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на что ты рассчитывал, извлекая шашку?</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">what did you expect when you withdrew the
sabre?</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
<biblScope>104</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d5879e632" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Biʒix slasta kærdbaʒæj kard</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Бидзих вытащил нож из ножен</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Bidzikh took the knife out of the sheath</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
<biblScope>119</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d5879e659" n="4">
<example xml:id="example_d5879e661">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wæjyǵy abyrsta, ralyg yn kodta jæ sær,
ralasta jyn jæ pysūltæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">повалил великана, отсек ему голову, снял его
одежду</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he striked down the giant, cut away his head,
removed his clothes</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
<biblScope>42</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d5879e684">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kʼūxæj nal lasy nyr jæ kʼūxdaræn</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">с пальца она уже не снимает перстня</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">she no longer removes the ring from her
finger</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>18</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d5879e707" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ese æ dustæ ralasta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Есе спустил нарукавники</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Yese lowered his
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20211013T185541+0300" comment="check the word dustæ — Yese is an archer, so it&apos;s probably this"?>bracers<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
<biblScope>6</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d5879e736" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Aslænbeg coqaj dusæj ralasta ors zældagæ
kʼoxmærzæn</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Асланбег достал из рукава черкески белый
шелковый платок</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Aslanbeg took a white silk handkerchief from
the sleeve of his chokha</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
<biblScope>1949 II 33</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d5879e763" n="5">
<example xml:id="example_d5879e765">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æz lasyn cyppar puty ‘mæ ‘rdæg</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я вешу четыре с половиной пуда</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I weigh four and a half <hi rendition="#rend_italic">poods</hi> (traditional Russian measure of weight)</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сл."/></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d5879e790" n="6">
<example xml:id="example_d5879e792" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æxsir balasta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">молоко скисло</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the milk became sour</q>
</tr>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d5879e813" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">balastoncæ æ falʒæstæ æ ǧar togi
finkitæj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вокруг него свернулась пена его теплой
крови</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the foam of his warm blood clotted around
him</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/>
<biblScope>97</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d5879e840">
<example xml:id="example_d5879e842">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">caj ralasta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">чай настоялся</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the tea brewed (i.e. stayed a long time)</q>
</tr>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d5879e862">
<example xml:id="example_d5879e864">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Xazbi dūrmæ fægæpp lasta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Хазби вскочил на камень</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Khazbi leaped up onto a rock</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
<biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d5879e887">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Soltan ta fæcælq lasta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Солтан опять грянул (воскликнул)</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Soltan thundered (exclaimed) again</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>142</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d5879e910">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dīs kænyn, arv næ k˳yd næ nyggæræx lasy,
ūwyl</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">удивляюсь, как нас не поразит небо</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I am surprised how we are not stricken down by
the heavens</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
<biblScope>32</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Иранским языкам был искони чужд плавный <c>l</c>. В осетинском он
возникает вторично — либо в скифо-европейских изоглоссах (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
<biblScope>35–41</biblScope></bibl>), либо перед <c>i</c> (например <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lymæn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">lymæn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">limæn</w></ref>), либо по диссимиляции из <c>r</c> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_lævar"/>) или из <c>n</c> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1261" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e958" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>lisan</w></mentioned> рядом с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nysan"><w>nisan</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lyvʒæg"/> рядом с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyvʒæg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_malūsæg"/> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1274" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e971" xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">manusæg</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lamaz"/> из <ref type="xr" target="#entry_namaz"/>).<note type="footnote">Несколько случаев остаются не вполне ясными, например <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bælas"><w>bælas</w>
<gloss><q>дерево</q></gloss></ref>.</note> Для <oRef/> приходится предполагать
последнюю возможность (из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1294" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e991" xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">nasyn</w></mentioned>) и,
стало быть, возводить к распространенной в восточноиранских языках основе <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1298" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e995" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">nas-</w><gloss><q>брать</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр.
(инхоативный вариант основы <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1305" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1001" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">nam-</w></mentioned>,
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1309" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1005" xml:lang="ine"><lang/><w type="rec">nem-</w></mentioned>). Ср.
<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1010"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1316" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1011" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
<w>nās-</w> : <w>nāta-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1323" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1018" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
<w>nas-</w>, <w>nis-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1330" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1025" xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
<w>nas-</w> : <w>nad-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1337" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1032" xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
<w>nas-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1342" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1037" xml:lang="kho"><lang/><w>nās-</w> :
<w>nāta</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>брать</q>, <q>хватать</q>, <q>приниматься</q></gloss></mentioned> (для
употребления cp.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Jatakastava"/>
<biblScope>459</biblScope></bibl>). — Основу <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1362" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1056" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">nam-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1366" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1060" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">nem-</w></mentioned>
имеем в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1370" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1064" xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
<w>fra-nām-</w>
<gloss><q>вести</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ghilain"/>
<biblScope>72</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1383" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1077" xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
<w>nëman</w>
<gloss><q>брать</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. Форма прош. причастия <oRef>last</oRef>
вместо <w>lad</w> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1396" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1090" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">nata-</w></mentioned>) возникла
(в случае правильности предлагаемой этимологии) по аналогии с гла­голами типа <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wasyn_1"><w>wasyn</w> : <w>wast</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dasyn"><w>dasyn</w> : <w>dast</w></ref> и т. п. Употребление слова в
осетинском и ягнобском имеет много общего; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1410" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1104" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
<phr>dayra itk anas</phr>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">река унесла мост</q></gloss></mentioned> =
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1419" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1113" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang>ос.</lang>
<w>don xīd alasta</w></mentioned>. Как <oRef/> может заме­нять <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kænyn"/> в составных глаголах, так <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1316" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1123" xml:lang="yai"><w>nās-</w></mentioned> в ягнобском может заменять <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1432" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1126" xml:lang="yai"><w>kun-</w></mentioned>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1435" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1129" xml:lang="yai"><w>jang nas-</w> рядом с <w>jang
kun-</w>
<gloss><q>драться</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1443" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1137" xml:lang="yai"><w>kapas
nas-</w><gloss><q>об­нимать</q></gloss></mentioned> и др. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Андреев._Ягн."/></bibl>). — <bibl><author>Вс. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Миллер</hi></author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
<biblScope>57</biblScope>)</bibl> сопостав­лял <oRef/> с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1465" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1160" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>rasīdan</w><gloss>
<q>доходить</q>, <q>достигать</q></gloss></mentioned>,<note type="footnote">Ср.:
<bibl><author>Rüdiger <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Schmitt</hi></author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IIJ"/>
<biblScope>1965, № 4, стр. 278, прим. 17</biblScope></bibl>. — О <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1483" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1182" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w>nyʼs-</w></mentioned> см.: <bibl><author><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Gershevitch</hi></author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>
<biblScope>1970 LXXV 305</biblScope>.</bibl></note> а позднее (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>
<biblScope>23, стр. 329</biblScope></bibl>) со <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1504" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1203" xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
<w>vlekǫ</w>
<gloss><q>влеку</q></gloss></mentioned>. В первом случае неясны семантические отношения,
а также <c>l-</c> вместо <c>r-</c>; во втором — отн­ошение слав.<c>k</c> к ос. <c>s</c>. —
Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælvasyn"/> (из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1523" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1222" xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">æv-lasyn</w></mentioned>), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_læsyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lasæg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lasæggag"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lasæn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_læsæn"/>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">The lateral <c>l</c> is originally alien to Iranian languages. In
Ossetic it appears as a secondary feature — either in Scythian-European isoglosses
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
<biblScope>35–41</biblScope></bibl>), or before <c>i</c> (e.g. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lymæn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">lymæn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">limæn</w></ref>), or by dissimilation from <c>r</c> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_lævar"/>) or from <c>n</c> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e958" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1261" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>lisan</w></mentioned> alongside <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nysan"><w>nisan</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lyvʒæg"/> alongside <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyvʒæg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_malūsæg"/> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e971" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1274" xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">manusæg</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lamaz"/> from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_namaz"/>).<note type="footnote">A few cases remain unclear, e.g. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bælas"><w>bælas</w>
<gloss><q>tree</q></gloss></ref>.</note> For <oRef/> one has to assume the latter
option (from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e991" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1294" xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">nasyn</w></mentioned>) and, therefore,
trace it back to the stem <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e995" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1298" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">nas-</w>
<gloss><q>take</q></gloss></mentioned> etc., widespread in Eastern Iranian (the
inchoative variant of the stem <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1001" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1305" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">nam-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1005" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1309" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w type="rec">nem-</w></mentioned>). Cf. <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1315"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1011" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1316" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
<w>nās-</w> : <w>nāta-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1018" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1323" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
<w>nas-</w>, <w>nis-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1025" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1330" xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
<w>nas-</w> : <w>nad-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1032" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1337" xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
<w>nas-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1037" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1342" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>nās-</w> : <w>nāta</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>take</q>, <q>grab</q>, <q>set about to</q></gloss></mentioned> (on this usage
see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Jatakastava"/>
<biblScope>459</biblScope></bibl>). — The stem <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1056" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1362" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">nam-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1060" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1366" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">nem-</w></mentioned> is
found in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1064" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1370" xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
<w>fra-nām-</w>
<gloss><q>lead</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ghilain"/>
<biblScope>72</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1077" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1383" xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
<w>nëman</w>
<gloss><q>take</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. The past participle form <oRef>last</oRef>
instead of <w>lad</w> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1090" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1396" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">nata-</w></mentioned>)
appeared (if the proposed etymology is correct) by analogy with verbs like <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wasyn_1"><w>wasyn</w> : <w>wast</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dasyn"><w>dasyn</w> : <w>dast</w></ref> etc. The function of this word in
Ossetic and Yaghnobi has a lot in common; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1104" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1410" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
<phr>dayra itk anas</phr>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">the river carried away the
bridge</q></gloss></mentioned> = <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1113" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1419" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang>Ossetic</lang>
<w>don xīd alasta</w></mentioned>. Just as <oRef/> can replace <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kænyn"/> in compound verbs, so can <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1011" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1429" xml:lang="yai"><w>nās-</w></mentioned> replace <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1126" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1432" xml:lang="yai"><w>kun-</w></mentioned> in
Yaghnobi: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1129" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1435" xml:lang="yai"><w>jang nas-</w> alongside <w>jang kun-</w>
<gloss><q>fight</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1137" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1443" xml:lang="yai"><w>kapas
nas-</w><gloss><q>embrace</q></gloss></mentioned> and others (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Андреев._Ягн."/></bibl>). — <bibl><author>Ws. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Miller</hi></author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref><biblScope>57</biblScope>)</bibl> compared <oRef/>
with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1160" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1465" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>rasīdan</w><gloss>
<q>reach</q></gloss></mentioned>,<note type="footnote">Cf.: <bibl>Rüdiger
<author>Schmitt</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IIJ"/>
<biblScope>1965, no. 4, p. 278, fn. 17</biblScope></bibl>. — On <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1182" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1483" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w>nyʼs-</w></mentioned> cf.: <bibl><author><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Gershevitch</hi></author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>
<biblScope>1970 LXXV 305</biblScope>.</bibl></note> and later (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>
<biblScope>23, p. 329</biblScope></bibl>) with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1203" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1504" xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
<w>vlekǫ</w>
<gloss><q>I pull</q></gloss></mentioned>. In the former case the semantic relationship
is unclear, as well as <c>l-</c> instead of <c>r-</c>; in the latter — the relation
between Slavic <c>k</c> and Ossetic <c>s</c>. — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælvasyn"/> (from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5879e1222" xml:id="mentioned_d5879e1523" xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">æv-lasyn</w></mentioned>), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_læsyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lasæg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lasæggag"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lasæn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_læsæn"/>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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