277 lines
17 KiB
XML
277 lines
17 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">næmyg</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_næmyg" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d2145e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>næmyg</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d2145e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>næmug</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2145e72" n="1">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>зерно</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>grain</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2145e82" n="2">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ягода</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>berry</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<re xml:id="re_d2145e92">
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<form xml:id="form_d2145e94" type="lemma"><orth>sawnæmyg</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2145e97">
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">черника</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">blueberry</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2145e109" n="3" xml:lang="os-x-iron">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пуля</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>bullet</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; ср. д. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fat"><w>fat</w>
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<gloss><q>стрела</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>пуля</q></gloss></ref>.</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; cf. Digor <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fat"><w>fat</w>
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<gloss><q>arrow</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>bullet</q></gloss></ref></note>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d2145e144" n="1">
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<example xml:id="example_d2145e146">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>næmyg</oRef> kæcæj næ xawa, ūcy qæmpnaj
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kænyn cæmæn qæwy!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">зачем молотить солому, из которой не падает
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зерно!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">why thresh the straw from which grains do not
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fall!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1956 XII 43</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2145e170">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kark jæ fædyl rawadī, æmæ jyn Simon nartxory
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<oRef>næmg˳ytæ</oRef> appærsta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">курица побежала за ним, и Симон бросил ей
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кукурузные зерна</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the hen ran after him and Simon threw corn
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grains to her</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
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<biblScope>24</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2145e195">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kark <oRef>næmyggaj</oRef> wīʒy, fælæ jæxī
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bafsady</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">курица клюет по зернышку, но насыщается</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the chicken pecks at the grain but is sated</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>III 210</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2145e220">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dīssaǵy xor ʒy ærzadīs: jæ næmyg toppy
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<oRef>næmyǵy</oRef> jas, je ʽfsīr ærmærīny dærǧæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">чудесный ячмень там вырос: зерно величиной в
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ружейную пулю, колос длиной в локоть</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wonderful barley grew there: a grain of a rifle
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bullet size, spikes were one elbow long</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>176</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d2145e246" n="2">
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<example xml:id="example_d2145e248">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ saw cæstytæ ʒedyry <oRef>næmygaw</oRef>
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saw ændærg xastoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ее черные глаза темнели, как ягоды ежевики</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">her black eyes darkened like blackberries</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2145e273" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bali <oRef>næmgutaw</oRef> dæ duwwæ
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cæsti</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как ягоды вишни — твои два глаза</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">your two eyes are like cherries</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
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<biblScope>86</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2145e301" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ zærdi <oRef>næmug</oRef>!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ягода моего сердца!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">berry of my heart!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/>
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<biblScope>107</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d2145e330" n="3">
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<example xml:id="example_d2145e332">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tuǧanæn toppy <oRef>næmyg</oRef> jæ sævǵyn
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rīwy īnnærdæm fæd akodta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у Тугана ружейная пуля проложила путь насквозь
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через его широкую грудь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tugan had a rifle bullet go through his large
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chest</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>101</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2145e357">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æwwænkʒīnady bærægæn ʒwary x˳ylfy fæjnæ toppy
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<oRef>næmyǵy</oRef> mysajnag cæværdtoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в знак доверия положили в святилище по ружейной
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пуле в виде <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mysajnag"><w>mysajnag</w></ref></q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">as a sign of trust, they placed in the
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sanctuary a rifle bullet in the form of <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mysajnag"><w>mysajnag</w></ref></q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>16</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2145e386">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>næmg˳ytæ</oRef> īx warægaw
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kodtoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пули (падали), как град</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bullets (fell fown) like hail</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>48</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2145e410">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Sozyryqo sīvtyǧta qæbær jæ topp æmæ fexsta
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Eltaǧanæn jæ rīwyl, æmæ <oRef>næmg˳ytæ</oRef> ærxawdtoj jæ razmæ dywwæ kardojy
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x˳yzæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Созрыко зарядил крепко свое ружье и выстрелил
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Елтагану в грудь, но пули упали перед ним, как две груши</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Sozryko loaded his gun well and shot Eltagan in
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the chest, but the bullets fell in front of him like two pears</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 30</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2145e435">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ūm æj æxsyn bajdydtoj
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<oRef>næmygæj</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">там стали в него стрелять пулями</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they started shooting bullets at him</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 24</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2145e460">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">topp ærx˳y <oRef>næmygæj</oRef> īvtyǧd
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wydī</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ружье было заряжено медной пулей</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the gun was loaded with a copper bullet</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>108</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Вероятно, из <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2145e488" xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">nænyg</w> с исходным <?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220602T182404+0300" comment="Осетинская реконструкция?"?>значением<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<gloss><q>ягода</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2145e588" xml:id="mentioned_d2145e499" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang>балк.</lang>
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<w>nanәq</w>
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<gloss><q>ягода</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>малина</q></gloss><note type="bibl">
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(<bibl><title>Русско-карач.-балк. сл.</title>
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<pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1965</date>, <biblScope>стр. 729,
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262</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2145e611" xml:id="mentioned_d2145e521" xml:lang="kjh"><lang/>
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<w>nonyq</w>, <w>nonaǧ</w>
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<gloss><q>черника</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
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<biblScope>III 694</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Перебой <c>n</c> →
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<c>m</c> как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nysan"/> → <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mysan"/>. Это же тюркское слово отложилось в д. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ninæǧ"/>, и. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mænærǧ"><w>mænærǧ</w> (←
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<w>mæ-nænᵊg</w>) <gloss><q>малина</q></gloss></ref>. См. также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawnæmyg"><w>sawnæmyg</w>
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<gloss><q>черника</q></gloss></ref>. Другая возможность — от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_næmyn"><w>næm-</w>
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<gloss><q>бить</q></gloss></ref> в смысле <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">вымолачиваемое из колоса</q> (cp.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Tomaschek"/>
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<biblScope>796</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Probably from <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2145e581" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">nænyg</w> with the initial meaning <gloss><q>berry</q></gloss></mentioned>.
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Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2145e499" xml:id="mentioned_d2145e588" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>nanәq</w>
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<gloss><q>berry</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>raspberry</q></gloss><note type="bibl">
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(<bibl><title>Russko-karačaevo-balkarskij slovarʼ</title> [Russian–Karachay-Balkar
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dictionary] <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1965</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="en">pp. 729, 262</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2145e521" xml:id="mentioned_d2145e611" xml:lang="kjh"><lang/>
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<w>nonyq</w>, <w>nonaǧ</w>
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<gloss><q>blueberry</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
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<biblScope>III 694</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. The alternation <c>n</c>
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→ <c>m</c> is as in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nysan"/> → <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mysan"/>. The same Turkic word kept its traces in Digor <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ninæǧ"/>, Iron <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mænærǧ"><w>mænærǧ</w> (←
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<w>mæ-nænᵊg</w>) <gloss><q>raspberry</q></gloss></ref>. See also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawnæmyg"><w>sawnæmyg</w>
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<gloss><q>blueberry</q></gloss></ref>. Another possible origin is <ref type="xr" target="#entry_næmyn"><w>næm-</w>
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<gloss><q>beat</q></gloss></ref>, in the sense <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">threshed from spike</q> (cf.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Tomaschek"/>
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<biblScope>796</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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