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2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">næmyn</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_næmyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
<form xml:id="form_d3821e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>næmyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d3821e68" type="participle"><orth>nad</orth></form></form>
<form xml:id="form_d3821e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>næmun</orth><form xml:id="form_d3821e73" type="participle"><orth>nad</orth></form></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3821e76"><sense xml:id="sense_d3821e77"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>бить</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>beat</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3821e86"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>набивать</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>tamp</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3821e95"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>трамбовать</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>ram</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3821e104"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>мять</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>crumple</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3821e113"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>месить (тесто)</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>knead (dough)</q>
</abv:tr></sense></sense>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d3821e123">
<example xml:id="example_d3821e125">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Bicikʼo ældary fyrty
<oRef>fænadta</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Бицико побил сына алдара</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Bitsiko beat the aldarʼs son</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>93</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d3821e149">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Zarbeg jæ ūsy <oRef>nadta</oRef>,
xosta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Зарбег бил, колотил свою жену</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Zarbeg beat his wife</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>68</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d3821e174">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæg˳yr læg jæ læppūjy
<oRef>fænadta</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">бедняк побил своего сына</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the poor man beat his son</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
<biblScope>92</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d3821e198">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īw fæjjaw æj (k˳yʒy) akodta æmæ jæ
<oRef>nadæj</oRef> mardta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">один пастух увел ее (собаку) и бил ее
насмерть</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">one shepherd took her (the dog) away and beat
her to death</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
<biblScope>142</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d3821e223">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">styræj, ḱysylæj næ wīstæj
<oRef>næmync</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">и больших, и малых порют нас розгами</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">both big and small of us are beaten with
rods</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d3821e248">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Jesojyl ḱī xæcyd ūcy adæm ʒy xynǵylæg kodtoj
æmæ jæ <oRef>nadtoj</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">люди, державшие Иисуса, ругались над ним и били
его</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">and the men that held Jesus mocked him, and
smote him</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Лука"/>
<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">22</hi> 63</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d3821e275">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Qævdyn obawyl ærbadtī, <oRef>ærnadta</oRef>
lūlæjy tamako æmæ dymy</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Кавдын сел на бугор, набил в трубку табак и
курит</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Kavdyn sat down on a hillock, put tobacco into
his pipe and smoked</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
<biblScope>11</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d3821e300">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dywwæ xīstær
<?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220602T185045+0300" comment="Здесь верная диакритика?" id="zqr_lpg_f5b" flag="done"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220716T162955+0300" parentID="zqr_lpg_f5b" comment="нет :)" flag="done" mid="1"?>ḱyzǵy<?oxy_comment_end mid="1"?><?oxy_comment_end ?>
bacydysty bæxmæ æmæ jyn jæ qūsty bæmbæǵytæ <oRef>nynnadtoj</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">две старшие девушки подошли к лошади и набили
ей в уши вату</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">two older girls approached the horse and
stuffed cotton into its ears</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
<biblScope>78</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d3821e330" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sæ kæræʒej <oRef>næmun</oRef>
bajdædtoncæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они стали бить друг друга</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they started hitting each other</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
<biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Вс. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Миллер</hi> сближал сперва с
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3821e524" xml:id="mentioned_d3821e364" xml:lang="iir"><lang>ар.</lang>
<w>nam-</w>
<gloss><q>склоняться</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>гнуться</q></gloss><note type="bibl">
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
<biblScope>II 46</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, потом с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3821e543" xml:id="mentioned_d3821e382" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang>др.инд.</lang>
<w>nabh-</w>
<gloss><q>лопаться</q></gloss><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> и пр. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
<biblScope>III 155</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. То и другое не
удовлетворяет с семантической стороны (второе также со звуковой). В Ригведе распознается
(наряду с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3821e559" xml:id="mentioned_d3821e397" xml:lang="iir"><w><?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220602T191634+0300" comment="Это же ар.?"?>nam<?oxy_comment_end ?>-</w>
<gloss><q>гнуться</q></gloss></mentioned>) глагол <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3821e569" xml:id="mentioned_d3821e407" xml:lang="iir"><w>nam-</w>
<gloss><q>бить</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><title>RV</title>
<biblScope>I 165, 6; I 174, 8; II 19, 7</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.
Контекст и сочетание с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3821e583" xml:id="mentioned_d3821e421" xml:lang="iir"><w>vadhar-</w>
<gloss><q>поражающее оружие</q><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (булава,
палица?)</note></gloss></mentioned> позволяют с уверенностью говорить о значении
<q>бить</q>, <q>поражать</q>. Омонимичный глагол <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3821e595" xml:id="mentioned_d3821e433" xml:lang="iir"><w><?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220602T191634+0300" comment="Это же ар.?"?>nam<?oxy_comment_end ?>-</w>
<gloss><q>сгибаться</q></gloss></mentioned> сохранился, по-видимому, в ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_læmæǧ"><w>læmæǧ</w>
<gloss><q>податливый</q></gloss></ref>. — Прош. причастие <oRef>nad</oRef> восходит к
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3821e614" xml:id="mentioned_d3821e452" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220602T191757+0300" comment="Иранское?"?><w type="rec"><?oxy_comment_end ?>nṃto-</w></mentioned>; ср. в этом отношении <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræmun"><w>ræmun</w>: <w>rad</w>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3821e627" xml:id="mentioned_d3821e465" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220602T191757+0300" comment="Иранское?"?><w type="rec"><?oxy_comment_end ?>rṃto-</w></mentioned>) </note><gloss><q>стоять</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūromyn"><w><?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220602T192003+0300" comment="В словаре без макрона. Опечатка?"?>ūromyn<?oxy_comment_end ?></w>:
<w>ūræd</w>
<gloss><q>останавливать</q></gloss></ref>. — См. также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nad_1"/>. Может быть, сюда же <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æznæmun"><w>æznæmun</w>: <w>æznæt</w>
<gloss><q>шарахаться</q></gloss></ref>.<lb/><bibl><author>Schmid</author>.
<title>Indo-iranisch <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nam-</hi>
<q>schlagen</q></title>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>
<biblScope>64, стр. 113—118</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
<biblScope>1967 XXX 505—511</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">Ws. <name>Miller</name> rapproached the word to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3821e364" xml:id="mentioned_d3821e524" xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
<w>nam-</w>
<gloss><q>incline</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>bend</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OÈ</ref>
<biblScope>II 46</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, then to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3821e382" xml:id="mentioned_d3821e543" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>nabh-</w>
<gloss><q>burst</q></gloss><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">
etc. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OÈ</ref>
<biblScope>III 155</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Both explanations are not
satisfactory semantically (the second also phonetically). In Rigveda there is (along with
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3821e397" xml:id="mentioned_d3821e559" xml:lang="iir"><w><?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220602T191634+0300" comment="Это же ар.?"?>nam<?oxy_comment_end ?>-</w>
<gloss><q>bend</q></gloss></mentioned>) a verb <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3821e407" xml:id="mentioned_d3821e569" xml:lang="iir"><w>nam-</w>
<gloss><q>beat</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><title>RV</title>
<biblScope>I 165, 6; I 174, 8; II 19, 7</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. The
context and combination with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3821e421" xml:id="mentioned_d3821e583" xml:lang="iir"><w>vadhar-</w>
<gloss><q>striking arm</q><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (mace,
club?)</note></gloss></mentioned> allow us to speak with confidence about the meaning
<q>beat</q>, <q>hit</q>. The homonymous verb <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3821e433" xml:id="mentioned_d3821e595" xml:lang="iir"><w><?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220602T191634+0300" comment="Это же ар.?"?>nam<?oxy_comment_end ?>-</w>
<gloss><q>bend</q></gloss></mentioned> was preserved, presumably, in Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_læmæǧ"><w>læmæǧ</w>
<gloss><q>malleable</q></gloss></ref>. — The past participle <oRef>nad</oRef> goes back
to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3821e452" xml:id="mentioned_d3821e614" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220602T191757+0300" comment="Иранское?"?><w type="rec"><?oxy_comment_end ?>nṃto-</w></mentioned>; in this respect, cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræmun"><w>ræmun</w>: <w>rad</w>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3821e465" xml:id="mentioned_d3821e627" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220602T191757+0300" comment="Иранское?"?><w type="rec"><?oxy_comment_end ?>rṃto-</w></mentioned>)
</note><gloss><q>stand</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūromyn"><w><?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220602T192003+0300" comment="В словаре без макрона. Опечатка?"?>ūromyn<?oxy_comment_end ?></w>:
<w>ūræd</w>
<gloss><q>stop</q></gloss></ref>. — See also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nad_1"/>.
Possibly related is the word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æznæmun"><w>æznæmun</w>: <w>æznæt</w>
<gloss><q>shy away</q></gloss></ref>.<lb/><bibl><author>Schmid</author>.
<title>Indo-iranisch <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nam-</hi>
<q>schlagen</q></title>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>
<biblScope xml:lang="en">64, p. 113—118</biblScope></bibl>. —
<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
<biblScope>1967 XXX 505—511</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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